Efficacy of oral hyposmolar glucose-based and rice-based oral rehydration salt solutions in the treatment of cholera in adults

Scand J Gastroenterol. 1998 Feb;33(2):159-63. doi: 10.1080/00365529850166888.

Abstract

Background: Recent animal experiments and clinical trials have shown that both osmolarity and rice as the organic components are important factors for net intestinal absorption of an oral rehydration salt solution.

Methods: In a controlled clinical trial 123 male adult patients with severe cholera, after initial rehydration with intravenous Ringer's lactate solution, were randomly assigned to receive one of the four oral rehydration salt solutions: WHO ORS, ORS containing 70 mmol/l Na+ and 16.2 g/l glucose, rice ORS containing 50 g/l rice and 90 mmol/l Na+, and rice ORS containing 50 g/l rice and 70 mmol/l Na+. All patients received 300 mg of doxycycline as a single dose.

Results: Patients who received rice-low-sodium ORS subsequently had lower (P < 0.05) stool output, ORS consumption, and diarrhoea duration than the other three ORS groups.

Conclusions: We conclude that rice-based low-sodium ORS is superior for treating adult cholera.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Chloride Channels / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Chloride Channels / drug effects
  • Chlorides / metabolism
  • Cholera / blood
  • Cholera / drug therapy*
  • Cyclic AMP / physiology
  • Diarrhea / drug therapy
  • Doxycycline / therapeutic use
  • Glucose / administration & dosage*
  • Humans
  • Intestinal Mucosa / cytology
  • Intestinal Mucosa / drug effects
  • Intestinal Mucosa / metabolism*
  • Intestine, Small / cytology
  • Intestine, Small / drug effects
  • Intestine, Small / metabolism*
  • Male
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Oryza / chemistry*
  • Plant Extracts / administration & dosage
  • Plant Extracts / isolation & purification
  • Plant Extracts / pharmacology
  • Regression Analysis
  • Rehydration Solutions / administration & dosage*
  • Rehydration Solutions / analysis
  • Rehydration Solutions / pharmacology
  • Sodium / blood
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vibrio cholerae / drug effects
  • Vibrio cholerae / isolation & purification

Substances

  • Chloride Channels
  • Chlorides
  • Plant Extracts
  • Rehydration Solutions
  • Sodium
  • Cyclic AMP
  • Glucose
  • Doxycycline