Abstract
The DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) consists of Ku70, Ku80, and a large catalytic subunit, DNA-PKcs. Targeted inactivation of the Ku70 or Ku80 genes results in elevated ionizing radiation (IR) sensitivity and inability to perform both V(D)J coding-end and signal (RS)-end joining in cells, with severe growth retardation plus immunodeficiency in mice. In contrast, we now demonstrate that DNA-PKcs-null mice generated by gene-targeted mutation, while also severely immunodeficient, exhibit no growth retardation. Furthermore, DNA-PKcs-null cells are blocked for V(D)J coding-end joining, but retain normal RS-end joining. Finally, while DNA-PK-null fibroblasts exhibited increased IR sensitivity, DNA-PKcs-deficient ES cells did not. We conclude that Ku70 and Ku80 may have functions in V(D)J recombination and DNA repair that are independent of DNA-PKcs.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Antigens, Nuclear*
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DNA Helicases*
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DNA-Activated Protein Kinase
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DNA-Binding Proteins / physiology*
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Embryo, Mammalian
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Female
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Fibroblasts / enzymology
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Fibroblasts / radiation effects
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Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte, Heavy Chain / genetics*
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Gene Targeting*
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Immunoglobulin Joining Region / genetics
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Ku Autoantigen
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Male
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred C57BL
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Mice, Knockout
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Mutation / genetics
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Nuclear Proteins / physiology*
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Phenotype
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Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / biosynthesis
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Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / genetics*
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Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / physiology
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Radiation, Ionizing
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Severe Combined Immunodeficiency / genetics
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Signal Transduction
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Stem Cells / enzymology
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Stem Cells / metabolism
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Stem Cells / physiology
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Stem Cells / radiation effects
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Thymus Gland / cytology
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Thymus Gland / physiology
Substances
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Antigens, Nuclear
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DNA-Binding Proteins
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Immunoglobulin Joining Region
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Nuclear Proteins
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DNA-Activated Protein Kinase
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Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
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DNA Helicases
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XRCC5 protein, human
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Xrcc6 protein, human
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Xrcc6 protein, mouse
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Ku Autoantigen