Bioavailability, multiple-dose pharmacokinetics, and biotransformation of the aldose reductase inhibitor zopolrestat in dogs

Drug Metab Dispos. 1998 Nov;26(11):1160-6.

Abstract

Zopolrestat (Alond) is a new drug that is being evaluated as an aldose reductase inhibitor for the treatment of diabetic complications. The bioavailability in dogs of a 2 mg/kg oral dose of zopolrestat was 97.2%. In a 1-year, multiple-dose, pharmacokinetic study, systemic exposure increased with increasing dose (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day), and there were no consistent changes in exposure with multiple dosing. Renal clearance at 1 year appeared to be higher in males. The magnitude of the potential gender difference in exposure was relatively small and was unlikely to have had a meaningful impact on the pharmacokinetics of zopolrestat in dogs. In studies with bile duct-cannulated dogs, radioactivity from [14C]zopolrestat was primarily eliminated as unchanged drug and acyl glucuronide in the bile and feces (77.3% of the dose) and in urine (18.3% of the dose). The concentrations of acyl glucuronide in urine and feces were approximately 50% of the zopolrestat concentrations. Minor metabolites (each accounting for <1% of the dose) included those resulting from hydroxylation of the phthalazinone ring and glutathione conjugation of the benzothiazole ring.

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Aldehyde Reductase / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Animals
  • Benzothiazoles
  • Biological Availability
  • Biotransformation
  • Dogs
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / blood
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacokinetics*
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / urine
  • Female
  • Half-Life
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / blood
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / pharmacokinetics*
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / urine
  • Male
  • Mass Spectrometry
  • Phthalazines / blood
  • Phthalazines / pharmacokinetics*
  • Phthalazines / urine
  • Thiazoles / blood
  • Thiazoles / pharmacokinetics*
  • Thiazoles / urine

Substances

  • Benzothiazoles
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Phthalazines
  • Thiazoles
  • zopolrestat
  • Aldehyde Reductase