Occupational noise, smoking, and a high body mass index are risk factors for age-related hearing impairment and moderate alcohol consumption is protective: a European population-based multicenter study.
Fransen E, Topsakal V, Hendrickx JJ, Van Laer L, Huyghe JR, Van Eyken E, Lemkens N, Hannula S, Mäki-Torkko E, Jensen M, Demeester K, Tropitzsch A, Bonaconsa A, Mazzoli M, Espeso A, Verbruggen K, Huyghe J, Huygen PL, Kunst S, Manninen M, Diaz-Lacava A, Steffens M, Wienker TF, Pyykkö I, Cremers CW, Kremer H, Dhooge I, Stephens D, Orzan E, Pfister M, Bille M, Parving A, Sorri M, Van de Heyning P, Van Camp G.
Fransen E, et al. Among authors: kremer h.
J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2008 Sep;9(3):264-76; discussion 261-3. doi: 10.1007/s10162-008-0123-1. Epub 2008 Jun 10.
J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2008.
PMID: 18543032
Free PMC article.