Olfactory-to-visual facilitation in the infant brain declines gradually from 4 to 12 months

Child Dev. 2024 Nov-Dec;95(6):1967-1981. doi: 10.1111/cdev.14124. Epub 2024 Jul 18.

Abstract

During infancy, intersensory facilitation declines gradually as unisensory perception develops. However, this trade-off was mainly investigated using audiovisual stimulations. Here, fifty 4- to 12-month-old infants (26 females, predominately White) were tested in 2017-2020 to determine whether the facilitating effect of their mother's body odor on neural face categorization, as previously observed at 4 months, decreases with age. In a baseline odor context, the results revealed a face-selective electroencephalographic response that increases and changes qualitatively between 4 and 12 months, marking improved face categorization. At the same time, the benefit of adding maternal odor fades with age (R 2 = .31), indicating an inverse relation with the amplitude of the visual response, and generalizing to olfactory-visual interactions previous evidence from the audiovisual domain.

MeSH terms

  • Brain / physiology
  • Child Development* / physiology
  • Electroencephalography*
  • Facial Recognition / physiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Odorants
  • Olfactory Perception* / physiology
  • Visual Perception / physiology