Commons:Archivos en dominio público

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Revision as of 20:23, 16 January 2022 by DSan (talk | contribs) (←Created page with 'Aquí en Wikimedia Commons, '''Dominio Público''' (DP) significa que un archivo ya no tiene derechos de autor y está disponible libremente para cualquier uso. Los '''archivos PD''' documentan que un archivo es de hecho bajo PD. Esto es útil en los casos en que la fuente se pierde o no está disponible. Las imágenes PD no están obligadas a tener la etiqueta PD.')
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Aquí en Wikimedia Commons, Dominio Público (DP) significa que un archivo ya no tiene derechos de autor y está disponible libremente para cualquier uso. Los archivos PD documentan que un archivo es de hecho bajo PD. Esto es útil en los casos en que la fuente se pierde o no está disponible. Las imágenes PD no están obligadas a tener la etiqueta PD.

This process verifies the free copyright status of files uploaded to Commons. This can be done by any Commons admin (admins including bureaucrats, checkusers, and oversighters) or trusted user community approved users).

PD review process

The PD review process is manual. Verification standards should be stringent, leaving little, if any, room for doubt about a file's PD status. Factors such as value of the image, how trustworthy the uploader is, laws of the country where the file was taken, and the time gap between upload and discovery of the possibly unfree status are all relevant to a decision on what to do with these images. Reviewers can also remove PD tags from files incorrectly tagged as PD.

Becoming a trusted user

Users may apply to become a reviewer at Commons:License review/Requests.

Reviewers who regularly erroneously tag images may have their permission revoked.

Where to ask for PD review

Category:PD files for review lists images for review. Users can list images in that category to have PD status verified for any reason, including images where the PD status may be questionable. Some users may upload images they don't have the rights to and then license those images as free.

Guidelines

  • Description should be adequate
  • Source should be present
  • Date should be present, using "circa" is allowed
  • Author should be present, "unknown" is allowed if author can not be reasonably determined and no other factors bring the PD status into question
  • Permission should be a valid PD tag
  • Images which are no longer freely available at time of review should be marked as possibly unfree pending a decision on what to do with them on Commons talk:PD files.
  • If the image is PD-Art, it should follow the guidelines at Commons:Cuándo usar la etiqueta PD-Art. If it is a two-dimensional work with a three-dimensional frame, mark it with {{Non-free frame}} for cleanup.

One problem when checking licenses of images coming from web sites is that the web site may cease to exist. This is one of the primary reasons PD review came into existence. By placing the PD review tag on a file, the reviewer is essentially saying he verified the web site (if that was the source) was up and available at the time of review. The PD review tag should alleviate future concerns about the validity of PD status in case the web site ever ceases to exist or the web site changes its URL structure.

Determination of public domain in US (and copyrights)

Derechos de autores de EE. UU. para las obras primera publicadas en EE. UU., excluyendo obras de audio
Año de primer publicación
Nota: publicación no es creación 		Duración del derecho de autor
  • Antes de 1929
  • Durante 1929-63: sin nota, o con nota pero no renovado dentro de 28 años de la primera publicación
  • Durante 1964-77: sin nota
  • De 1978 a 1 de marzo de 1989: sin nota y sin registro dentro de 5 años de la primera publicación
 Obra ha entrada el dominio público de EE. UU.
  • Durante 1929-63: con nota y renovación
  • Durante 1964-77: con nota
 Protegida para 95 años después de la primera publicación
  • De 1978 a 1 de marzo de 1989: pre-1978 creación con nota, o sin nota pero registrada dentro 5 años de la primera publicación
  • De 2 de marzo de 1989 a 2002: pre-1978 creación
  • Si el autor es sabido, protegida hasta la más tarde de 70 años pma o 31 de diciembre de 2047
  • Si el autor es desconocido o autoría corporativa, el más temprano de 95 años después de la primera publicación o 120 años después de la creación, pero no más temprano que 31 de diciembre de 2047
  • De 1978 a 1 de marzo de 1989: post-1977 creación con nota, o sin nota pero registrada dentro 5 años de la primera publicación
  • De 2 de marzo de 1989 a 2002: post-1977 creación
  • Inédito antes de 2003 (i.e. primera publicada después de 2002)
  • Si el autor es sabido, protegida para 70 años pma
  • Si el autor es desconocido o autoría corporativa, el más temprano de 95 años después de la primera publicación o 120 años después de la creación
pma: post mortem auctoris, o "después de la muerte del autor"
  • Refer to the chart on the right for US works; i.e. those first published in the US (or unpublished until now)
  • A foreign work has to be in the public domain in both US and its source country to be stored on Commons.
  • Publication means the legal distribution of copies of the work to the public.

Works first published outside the United States

1. Was this foreign work first published in the period from 1929 to 1977?

Yes: step 2
No: step 5

2. Did this 1929 to 1977 foreign publication register and renew copyrights for the US?

Yes: US copyright lasts up to end of 95 years after publication (i.e. public domain only from year of publication + 96).
No: step 3

3. Was this 1929 to 1977 non-US copyright registered foreign work published in the US within 30 days of its publishing abroad?

Yes: {{PD-URAA-Simul}}
No: step 4

4. Was this 1929 to 1977 non-US copyright registered foreign work in its country's public domain as of 1 Jan 1996?[1]

Yes: {{PD-1996}}
No: US copyright lasts up to end of 95 years after publication (i.e. public domain only from year of publication + 96).

5. Was this post-1977 foreign work in its country's public domain as of 1 Jan 1996?[1]

Yes: {{PD-1996}}; however, the Cornell table neglects to specify for a foreign public domain work that is published with a copyright notice in this period.
No: US copyright lasts up to end of 70 years after author's death, or if work of corporate authorship, 95 years from publication.

Notes

  1. ↑ a b Take note of the date; for Australian works, the effects of the 2008 law does not cover this 1996 limit, hence only pre-1945 Australian works could comply with the URAA cut-off.

Sources of PD images

Known PD sources

Here is a list of web sites that that release their files to the Public Domain: list URL, site name, and link that proves all files are PD

Likely PD sources

Here is a list of web sites that that contain many PD files, VERIFY PD STATUS before actually tagging with the PD review tag: list URL, site name, and link that indicates licensing status of the web site

  • US Naval Historical Center: hosts many PD images, especially those related to the US Navy and Marines. However, they also advise that some images may not be PD, this could be especially true for foreign Naval images. Double check such images to be sure of their PD status before uploading them here.
    Associated templates:
  • DefenseImagery.mil: principal storage for US military photos. Note that only photos taken by the US military personel (or explicitly stated to be released by the military departments) are definitely in public domain.[5] Images attributed to Unknown or non-military entities may be copyrighted and require further investigation.
    Associated templates:
  • NASA: media on this site are in the public domain, even the personal web pages; however, the NASA insignia, the retired NASA logotype and the NASA seal are under restrictions in their use.[6] Furthermore, some of its subpages use copyrighted images (with attribution) and carry their own disclaimers.[7][8]
    Associated templates: Source – {{NASA-image}}; License – {{PD-USGov-NASA}}
  • Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection: hosts maps of almost every part of the world, clearly indicating the authors of the maps. The majority are in public domain, either from pre-1929 atlases, or by the CIA and other US federal agencies.
    Associated templates:
  • The Civil War: hosts many pages of Harper's Weekly, especially all the issues of 1861–65 (American Civil War). The scans of the journals are in the public domain. Note that unless they appear in Harper's Weekly or other pre-1929 publications, the photographs might be copyrighted dependent on year of first publication (see above section).
    Associated templates: {{PD-US}}

See also

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