Co St 2 (08) Capacity of Refrigerated Warehouses 2007 Summary January 2008 National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C Table of Contents Page Refrigerated Warehouses Capacity Highlights.....................................1 Refrigerated Warehouses: Number by Type, State and U.S., October 1, 2007........2 Refrigerated Warehouses: Number by Size Group, U.S., October 1, 2007 General.............................................................3 Apple and Pear......................................................3 Gross Capacity by Type of Warehouse, October 1, 1989-07.............3 Refrigerated Space: By Type of Warehouse, U.S. Gross and Usable Space, October 1, 2007.............................4 Gross Space, October 1, 1989-07.....................................4 General Storages: State and U.S., October 1, 2007 Gross and Usable Refrigerated Space.................................5 Gross and Usable Cooler Space.......................................6 Gross and Usable Freezer Space......................................7 Apple and Pear Storages, October 1, 2007........................................8 Definitions....................................................................11 Survey Procedures and Reliability Statement....................................12 Information Contacts...........................................................12 General Refrigerated Warehouse Capacity Up 4 Percent General refrigerated storage capacity in the United States totaled 3.32 billion gross cubic feet on October 1, 2007, an increase of 4 percent since the previous survey was conducted two years ago. While most of the increase was due to new construction, some was due to the increased survey coverage of existing warehouses. This was the 45th biennial survey of refrigerated warehouses. The five States with the largest gross general warehouse capacity (million cubic feet) were: California with 412; Florida, 239; Texas, 194; Washington, 191; and Wisconsin, 190. Usable refrigerated space in general storages was 2.68 billion cubic feet, or 81 percent of the gross space. Usable freezer space was 76 percent of the usable refrigerated space with the remaining 24 percent used as cooler space. Convertible refrigerated space was classified as usable freezer space. Public general warehouse capacity totaled 2.50 billion gross cubic feet in 2007, accounting for 75 percent of the general storage. Public general storage capacity increased 3 percent since 2005 and is 22 percent above the capacity of ten years ago. Private and semiprivate general warehouse capacity totaled 822 million gross cubic feet, or 25 percent of the general gross refrigerated space. Apple and pear storage totaled 692 million gross cubic feet, down 4 percent from October 1, 2005. Controlled atmosphere (CA) capacity totaled 168 million bushels, down 3 percent from 2005. The State of Washington had 83 percent of the Nation=s CA capacity. Refrigerated Warehouses: Number by Type, State, and United States, October 1, 2007 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : General Storages : Apple & Pear Storages : :-------------------------------------------------------------: State : : Private & : : : : : Total : Public : Semiprvt : Total : Regular : CA : All 1/ : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : AL : 14 8 22 22 AK : 2 23 25 25 AZ : 6 2 8 1 1 1 9 AR : 19 5 24 24 CA : 105 86 191 23 9 26 217 CO : 6 3 9 9 CT : 2 3 5 26 7 26 31 DE : 4 6 10 2 2 12 FL : 33 28 61 61 GA : 37 32 69 69 HI : 2 1 3 3 ID : 7 13 20 6 5 6 26 IL : 26 15 41 7 1 8 49 IN : 19 7 26 32 5 34 60 IA : 26 11 37 1 1 2 39 KS : 10 2 12 1 1 13 KY : 6 1 7 4 4 11 LA : 15 10 25 25 ME : 2 17 19 18 14 21 40 MD : 5 3 8 5 2 5 13 MA : 28 31 59 51 18 52 111 MI : 24 23 47 129 83 153 200 MN : 24 25 49 11 1 11 60 MS : 9 4 13 13 MO : 19 9 28 4 4 32 MT : 2 4 6 6 NE : 14 9 23 1 1 24 NV : 2 3 5 5 NH : 2 3 5 20 10 21 26 NJ : 24 10 34 16 2 17 51 NM : 1 4 5 1 1 6 NY : 26 60 86 101 75 115 201 NC : 14 3 17 14 1 14 31 ND : 2 1 3 3 OH : 17 5 22 61 14 62 84 OK : 8 6 14 14 OR : 13 22 35 60 18 65 100 PA : 36 22 58 145 14 148 206 RI : 3 3 4 2 6 9 SC : 9 4 13 2 2 15 SD : 2 3 5 5 TN : 11 5 16 16 TX : 43 36 79 79 UT : 8 8 16 11 3 12 28 VT : 3 3 12 5 13 16 VA : 18 14 32 27 10 28 60 WA : 36 30 66 165 186 219 285 WV : 2 4 6 10 4 12 18 WI : 52 79 131 16 3 16 147 WY : : US : 792 709 1,501 986 495 1,108 2,609 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Firms with both regular and CA storage are counted once. General Refrigerated Warehouses: Number by Size Group, United States, October 1, 2007 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Size : Public : Private : All (Cubic Feet) : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : 0-499,999 : 117 369 486 500,000-999,999 : 97 114 211 1,000,000-2,499,999 : 212 128 340 2,500,000-4,999,999 : 206 76 282 5,000,000 and Over : 160 22 182 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Apple and Pear Refrigerated Warehouses: Number by Size Group, United States, October 1, 2007 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Size : Regular 1/ : CA 1/ : All 2/ (Bushels) : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : 0-49,999 : 691 163 633 50,000-99,999 : 94 88 130 100,000-499,999 : 156 148 208 500,000-999,999 : 33 49 65 1,000,000 and Over : 12 47 72 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of operations with regular or CA storage. Many operators have both types in the same building, thus the count of regular plus CA does not equal "All". 2/ Size categorization is based on the summation of regular and CA storage. Refrigerated Storage: Gross Capacity by Type of Warehouse, United States, October 1, 1989-07 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Private and : Year : Public : Semi-private : Total 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Million Cubic Feet : 1989 : 1,414 1,158 2,571 1991 : 1,600 1,208 2,808 1993 : 1,700 1,272 2,972 1995 : 1,765 1,323 3,088 1997 : 2,068 1,359 3,427 1999 : 2,168 1,437 3,606 2001 : 2,266 1,501 3,767 2003 : 2,370 1,526 3,896 2005 : 2,445 1,484 3,929 2007 : 2,506 1,506 4,012 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Totals may not add due to rounding. Refrigerated Space: By Type of Warehouse, United States, October 1, 2007 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Gross Space : Usable Space Type :Number :----------------------------------------------------------- : : Cooler : Freezer : Total : Cooler : Freezer : Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------------------- 1,000 Cubic Feet -------------------- : General : Public : 792 405,594 2,092,606 2,498,198 328,830 1,717,084 2,045,904 Private & : Semiprvt : 709 374,902 447,095 821,998 290,412 343,181 633,592 Total : 1,501 780,490 2,539,699 3,320,194 619,242 2,060,262 2,679,498 : Apple : Public : 11 7,787 383 8,170 6,901 380 7,281 Private & : Semiprvt : 1,097 681,119 2,681 683,798 566,855 2,106 568,961 Total : 1,108 688,906 3,064 691,968 573,755 2,486 576,240 : Total : 2,609 1,469,396 2,542,763 4,012,162 1,192,997 2,062,748 3,255,738 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Totals may not add due to rounding. Gross Refrigerated Space: By Type of Warehouse, United States, October 1, 1989-07 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Type : 1989 : 1991 : 1993 : 1995 : 1997 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Cubic Feet : General : Public : 1,391,901 1,572,879 1,678,461 1,741,585 2,043,908 Private and : Semiprivate : 603,402 624,005 658,893 674,649 683,372 Total : 1,995,303 2,196,884 2,337,354 2,416,234 2,727,280 : Apple : Public : 21,945 27,227 21,645 23,419 23,907 Private and : Semiprivate : 554,150 584,296 613,093 647,993 675,838 Total : 576,095 611,523 634,737 671,412 699,745 : Total, All : 2,571,397 2,808,407 2,972,092 3,087,646 3,427,025 :---------------------------------------------------------------- : 1999 : 2001 : 2003 : 2005 : 2007 :---------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Cubic Feet : General : Public : 2,146,643 2,251,943 2,357,080 2,435,773 2,498,198 Private and : Semiprivate : 756,505 788,853 802,454 771,725 821,998 Total : 2,903,152 3,040,796 3,159,535 3,207,497 3,320,194 : Apple : Public : 21,690 14,183 12,517 9,270 8,170 Private and : Semiprivate : 680,736 712,412 723,499 711,951 683,798 Total : 702,426 726,595 736,016 721,221 691,968 : Total, All : 3,605,578 3,767,394 3,895,551 3,928,718 4,012,162 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Totals may not add due to rounding. General Storages: Gross and Usable Refrigerated Space by State and United States, October 1, 2007 1/ 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Gross Space : Usable Space :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : Private & : : : Private & : : Public : Semiprvt : Total : Public : Semiprvt : Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Cubic Feet : AL : 32,145 1,115 33,259 27,499 912 28,412 AK : * * 2,477 * * 2,200 AZ : * * 17,856 * * 14,159 AR : 85,160 6,509 91,669 71,884 5,638 77,522 CA : 289,929 122,540 412,469 235,530 97,276 332,807 CO : 14,153 911 15,064 11,350 721 12,072 CT : * * 4,885 * * 3,496 DE : 15,356 13,676 29,031 10,107 10,604 20,711 FL : 99,959 139,124 239,083 81,807 116,497 198,304 GA : 159,027 22,275 181,302 131,586 19,129 150,715 HI : * * * * * * ID : 36,566 24,394 60,960 31,700 19,729 51,429 IL : 127,035 27,419 154,454 98,988 21,669 120,657 IN : * * 82,204 * * 69,630 IA : 64,522 15,080 79,602 53,499 11,060 64,559 KS : * * 44,653 * * 32,713 KY : * * 22,533 * * 17,587 LA : 11,296 3,910 15,206 9,826 3,592 13,418 ME : * * 12,355 * * 8,170 MD : * * 23,029 * * 17,841 MA : 69,298 13,357 82,655 61,280 9,400 70,680 MI : 70,840 24,377 95,217 56,703 19,866 76,569 MN : 58,613 27,634 86,246 45,857 20,634 66,492 MS : * * 25,141 19,276 491 19,767 MO : 100,127 11,192 111,320 80,886 8,321 89,206 MT : * * 984 * * 759 NE : 36,263 6,215 42,478 29,811 3,823 33,634 NV : * * * * * * NH : * * 3,694 * * 3,242 NJ : 69,019 16,631 85,650 55,838 6,497 62,335 NM : * * 2,180 * * 1,863 NY : 56,465 38,341 94,806 46,613 30,727 77,340 NC : * * 58,701 * * 50,878 ND : * * 9,008 * * 6,780 OH : 54,178 6,830 61,008 44,650 5,380 50,030 OK : 13,162 6,300 19,462 10,659 5,055 15,714 OR : 68,866 36,146 105,012 57,083 29,030 86,114 PA : 125,050 16,472 141,521 106,892 12,772 119,663 RI : * * * * SC : 21,693 1,140 22,833 * * 17,352 SD : * * 10,840 * * 5,658 TN : 33,928 15,150 49,077 30,636 11,498 42,134 TX : 155,365 38,700 194,065 121,977 30,684 152,661 UT : 18,120 13,419 31,539 15,018 10,815 25,832 VT : * * * * VA : 43,117 20,912 64,029 37,629 16,080 53,709 WA : 142,134 48,564 190,698 112,205 35,228 147,432 WV : * * 2,766 * * 1,230 WI : 142,534 47,115 189,649 120,705 31,226 151,931 WY : : Oth Sts : 284,278 56,550 17,524 228,410 39,238 14,091 : US : 2,498,198 821,998 3,320,194 2,045,904 633,592 2,679,498 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Included in "Other States" and U.S. totals. 1/ Totals may not add due to rounding. 2/ Includes frozen juice tank storage capacity. General Storages: Gross and Usable Cooler Space by State and United States, October 1, 2007 1/ 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Gross Space : Usable Space :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : Private & : : : Private & : : Public : Semiprvt : Total : Public : Semiprvt : Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Cubic Feet : AL : 2,914 104 3,018 2,501 73 2,574 AK : * * * * * * AZ : * * 4,053 * * 3,082 AR : * * * * * * CA : 62,447 94,331 156,778 50,061 74,049 124,110 CO : * * 2,513 * * 1,915 CT : * * * * * * DE : * * * * * * FL : 15,666 77,138 92,804 12,680 67,106 79,787 GA : 33,590 12,579 46,169 27,045 10,868 37,913 HI : * * * * * * ID : * * * * * * IL : 18,268 12,249 30,517 14,862 9,815 24,678 IN : * * 21,950 * * 19,436 IA : 5,475 9,740 15,216 4,679 6,695 11,374 KS : * * 8,603 * * 5,746 KY : * * 5,231 * * 3,785 LA : 1,559 166 1,724 1,381 153 1,534 ME : * * 261 * * 226 MD : * * 2,203 * * 1,763 MA : * * 15,265 10,011 2,565 12,577 MI : 7,906 5,344 13,249 6,193 4,651 10,844 MN : 9,484 9,266 18,749 7,706 6,251 13,957 MS : * * 4,159 * * 2,391 MO : * * 32,189 * * 26,470 MT : * * * * * 333 NE : 5,451 1,139 6,590 4,143 464 4,607 NV : * * * * * * NH : * * * * * * NJ : * * 26,414 * * 21,325 NM : * * * * * * NY : 8,805 15,892 24,697 6,727 12,979 19,706 NC : * * * * * * ND : * * * * * * OH : * * 8,207 * * 6,792 OK : * * 6,433 * * 5,535 OR : 2,387 2,656 5,043 1,918 2,082 3,999 PA : 17,518 7,743 25,261 14,258 5,800 20,058 RI : * * * * SC : 338 392 729 * * 546 SD : * * * * * * TN : * * 1,286 * * 1,154 TX : 18,375 21,436 39,810 13,681 17,333 31,014 UT : * * 6,271 * * 4,907 VT : * * * * VA : 13,273 10,380 23,653 10,848 8,030 18,878 WA : 6,807 10,381 17,188 5,445 6,174 11,618 WV : * * 1,190 * * * WI : 45,746 36,495 82,241 37,812 22,814 60,627 WY : : Oth Sts : 129,585 47,471 30,826 96,879 32,510 23,981 : US : 405,594 374,902 780,490 328,830 290,412 619,242 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Included in "Other States" and U.S. totals. 1/ Totals may not add due to rounding. 2/ Includes frozen juice tank storage capacity. General Storages: Gross and Usable Freezer Space by State and United States, October 1, 2007 1/ 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Gross Space : Usable Space :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : Private & : : : Private & : : Public : Semiprvt : Total : Public : Semiprvt : Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Cubic Feet : AL : 29,231 1,010 30,241 24,999 839 25,838 AK : * * * * * * AZ : * * 13,803 * * 11,077 AR : * * * * * * CA : 227,482 28,209 255,691 185,470 23,227 208,697 CO : * * 12,551 * * 10,157 CT : * * * * * * DE : * * * * * * FL : 84,293 61,986 146,279 69,127 49,391 118,518 GA : 125,437 9,695 135,132 104,541 8,261 112,802 HI : * * * * * * ID : * * * * * * IL : 108,767 15,170 123,937 84,126 11,854 95,979 IN : * * 60,254 * * 50,195 IA : 59,047 5,339 64,386 48,820 4,365 53,185 KS : * * 36,050 * * 26,967 KY : * * 17,302 * * 13,802 LA : 9,737 3,744 13,481 8,445 3,439 11,884 ME : * * 12,094 * * 7,944 MD : * * 20,826 * * 16,078 MA : * * 67,389 51,269 6,834 58,103 MI : 62,934 19,034 81,967 50,511 15,215 65,725 MN : 49,129 18,368 67,497 38,152 14,383 52,535 MS : * * 20,982 * * 17,376 MO : * * 79,131 * * 62,737 MT : * * * * * 427 NE : 30,812 5,076 35,888 25,668 3,359 29,027 NV : * * * * * * NH : * * * * * * NJ : * * 59,236 * * 41,011 NM : * * * * * * NY : 47,660 22,449 70,110 39,886 17,748 57,634 NC : * * * * * * ND : * * * * * * OH : * * 52,802 * * 43,238 OK : * * 13,029 * * 10,179 OR : 66,479 33,489 99,969 55,166 26,948 82,114 PA : 107,531 8,729 116,260 92,634 6,972 99,605 RI : * * * * SC : 21,356 748 22,104 * * 16,806 SD : * * * * * * TN : * * 47,791 * * 40,980 TX : 136,991 17,264 154,255 108,296 13,351 121,647 UT : * * 25,268 * * 20,925 VT : * * * * VA : 29,844 10,532 40,376 26,781 8,050 34,831 WA : 135,327 38,183 173,510 106,760 29,054 135,814 WV : * * 1,575 * * * WI : 96,788 10,620 107,408 82,893 8,412 91,304 WY : : Oth Sts : 663,761 137,450 261,125 513,540 91,479 215,121 : US : 2,092,606 447,095 2,539,699 1,717,084 343,181 2,060,262 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Included in "Other States" and U.S. totals. 1/ Totals may not add due to rounding. 2/ Includes frozen juice tank storage capacity. Apple and Pear Storages: Gross and Usable Refrigerated Space, Regular and CA Capacity by State and United States, October 1, 2007 1/ 2/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Refrigerated Space : Apple Storage Capacity :--------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : Controlled : : Gross : Usable : Regular : Atmosphere : Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Cubic Feet ---------- 1,000 Bushels ---------- : CA : 22,252 17,395 5,195 1,954 7,149 CT : 1,190 1,011 239 132 371 ID : 4,464 3,812 864 821 1,685 IL : 673 606 100 8 108 IN : 2,039 1,589 296 193 489 KY : 157 113 36 36 ME : 2,611 2,316 453 572 1,024 MD : 640 515 163 54 217 MA : 3,380 2,787 691 357 1,048 MI : 29,954 26,185 4,413 6,251 10,664 MN : 1,081 860 338 33 371 NH : 1,765 1,549 299 405 704 NJ : 1,790 1,563 449 35 484 NY : 32,021 29,011 3,836 8,212 12,049 NC : 3,784 3,409 1,256 90 1,346 OH : 3,615 3,018 851 343 1,193 OR : 54,778 44,299 8,202 3,962 12,164 PA : 19,945 15,980 3,925 2,242 6,168 UT : 1,923 1,451 303 242 545 VT : 1,689 1,609 296 342 638 VA : 11,806 10,263 1,600 2,102 3,702 WA : 480,480 398,844 51,559 138,877 190,437 WV : 6,194 5,119 1,498 336 1,835 WI : 1,147 944 263 112 375 : Oth Sts : 2,590 1,992 476 12 487 : US : 691,968 576,240 87,601 167,687 255,289 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Totals may not add due to rounding. 2/ Firms in this table store only apples or pears. Nearly all the storages are private and nearly all the space is cooler, thus public use and freezer space breakouts are not presented at the State level. See page 4 for U.S. totals. Definitions General storages: Includes refrigerated facilities classified as general storages, plus facilities classified as storing only cheese, meat, or citrus concentrates. Public general storages: Refrigerated facilities maintained for storing food for others at specified rates per unit. Private and semiprivate general storages: Refrigerated facilities maintained by an operator to facilitate his principal function as a producer, processor, or manufacturer of food products. The space is used to store the owner=s products, although some space may be used by others at specified rates per unit stored. Working space, chill rooms, and curing rooms in meat storages are not included in the storage statistics. Apple and pear storages: Refrigerated facilities maintained exclusively for storing apples or pears. Storages operated by cooperatives for use by members are included as private storages. Cooler space: Space that maintains temperatures between 0 and 50 degrees Fahrenheit. Freezer space: Space that maintains temperatures at 0 degrees Fahrenheit or lower. Controlled atmosphere (CA) space: Sealed cooler space in which the oxygen and carbon dioxide content is controlled to extend the storage life of apples or pears. Gross space: Total area under refrigeration, measured from wall to wall and from floor to ceiling. Usable space: Actual area used for storing commodities. Gross space less an allowance for aisles, posts, coils, blowers, etc. Number of storages: Storages at different locations are counted separately even though operated by the same management. Survey Procedures and Reliability Survey procedures: Questionnaires were mailed about the 20th of September to operators of over 3,000 public and private cold storage warehouses. Two thousand six hundred and nine firms met the qualifications that their warehouses were artificially cooled to a temperature of 50 degrees Fahrenheit or lower, and normally stored food products for 30 days or more. The other firms who received questionnaires either did not qualify or the plants had ceased being cold storage facilities during the past two years. The list included specialized storage facilities meeting the 30 day requirement, such as fruit houses, dairy manufacturing plants, frozen fruit, fruit juice, and vegetable processors, and poultry and meat packing plants. Wholesalers, jobbers, packer branch houses, and frozen food processors whose entire inventories are turned over more than once a month were excluded. Firms that did not respond were mailed a second request and/or phoned or visited. Estimating procedures: Data for reporting firms were added to estimates for non-reporting firms to obtain State and National totals. Estimates for non- reporting firms were set based on previous reports or administrative data. Revision policy: These data are considered to be final and will not be revised. Reliability: Usable reports were received from about 2,017 firms which represent about 77 percent of the total capacity tabulated. The numbers published should be considered to be minimum figures as there are cold storage firms that are not known to NASS. Special care in identifying individual plants minimizes duplication. Survey data are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions and mistakes in reporting and processing the data. While these errors cannot be measured directly, they are minimized by carefully reviewing all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. Dan Kerestes, Chief, Livestock Branch.............................(202) 720-3570 Darin Jantzi, Head, Poultry and Specialty Commodities Section.....(202) 720-3570 David Colwell - Cold Storage.................................(202) 720-8784 Fleming Gibson - Egg Products, Poultry Slaughter, Catfish Processing, Mink........................................(202) 690-3237 Sharyn Lavender - Broiler Hatchery, Chicken Hatchery, Honey..(202) 720-3244 Kim Linonis - Layers, Eggs...................................(202) 690-8632 Toby Paterson - Catfish Production, Trout Production, Census of Aquaculture, Turkey Hatchery, Turkeys Raised..............(202) 720-0585 ACCESS TO REPORTS!! For your convenience, there are several ways to obtain NASS reports, data products, and services: INTERNET ACCESS All NASS reports are available free of charge on the worldwide Internet. For access, connect to the Internet and go to the NASS Home Page at: www.nass.usda.gov. 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