Winter Wheat and Canola Seedings ISSN: 2474-7440 Released January 12, 2024, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Winter Wheat Planted Acres Down 6 Percent Winter wheat seeded area for 2024 is expected to total 34.4 million acres, down 6 percent from 2023. Approximate class acreage breakdowns are: Hard Red Winter, 24.0 million; Soft Red Winter, 6.86 million; and White Winter, 3.54 million. Winter Wheat Area Seeded - United States: 2022-2024 (Domestic Units) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Crop year : 2024 Crop :--------------------------------------------: as a percent : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 : of 2023 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres 1,000 acres 1,000 acres percent : Winter wheat ..: 33,281 36,699 34,425 94 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Winter Wheat Area Seeded - United States: 2022-2024 (Metric Units) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Crop year : 2024 Crop :--------------------------------------------: as a percent : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 : of 2023 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : hectares hectares hectares percent : Winter wheat ..: 13,468,490 14,851,720 13,931,450 94 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Winter wheat: Planted area for harvest in 2024 is estimated at 34.4 million acres, down 6 percent from 2023 but up 3 percent from 2022. Kansas and Texas, the two largest acreage States, are expected to be down 7 and 8 percent, respectively. A record low planted area is expected in Michigan and Utah. Seeding of the 2024 acreage was underway in early-September and began the month 2 percentage points behind to the 5-year average pace. Throughout much of the season, planting progressed on pace with the 5-year average and reached 93 percent complete by November 12. Emergence was 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average pace on November 26. Hard Red Winter (HRW) wheat seeded area is expected to total 24.0 million acres, down 6 percent from 2023. Planted acreage is down from last year across most of the growing region. The largest decreases in planted acreage are estimated in Kansas and Texas, while Montana is estimated to have a modest increase. Soft Red Winter (SRW) wheat seeded area totals 6.86 million acres, down 7 percent from last year. Compared with last year, the largest acreage decrease is expected in Michigan, while the largest acreage increase is expected in Pennsylvania. White Winter wheat seeded area totals 3.54 million acres, down 3 percent from 2023. Seeding was virtually complete in the region by the start of November. Durum wheat: Seedings in Arizona and California for 2024 harvest are estimated at a combined 65,000 acres, up 16 percent from 2023 but 48 percent below 2022. Canola: This report contains the first estimate of 2024 canola seedings for Kansas and Oklahoma. Acres seeded in Kansas and Oklahoma for 2024 harvest are estimated at a combined 33,000 acres, an increase of 28,500 acres, from 2023. Planted area in Kansas would represent the second lowest on record, if realized. This report was approved on January 12, 2024. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Robert Bonnie Agricultural Statistics Board Acting Chairperson Lance Honig Winter Wheat Area Seeded - States and United States: 2022-2024 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Crop year : 2024 State :--------------------------------------------------: as a percent : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 : of 2023 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres 1,000 acres 1,000 acres percent : Alabama ...........: 180 205 160 78 Arkansas ..........: 220 230 190 83 California ........: 350 320 300 94 Colorado ..........: 1,950 2,300 2,000 87 Delaware ..........: 80 80 70 88 Georgia ...........: 200 195 190 97 Idaho .............: 770 750 740 99 Illinois ..........: 650 840 860 102 Indiana ...........: 290 405 425 105 Kansas ............: 7,300 8,100 7,500 93 : Kentucky ..........: 530 610 510 84 Maryland ..........: 355 340 330 97 Michigan ..........: 460 600 430 72 Mississippi .......: 100 120 100 83 Missouri ..........: 630 780 800 103 Montana ...........: 2,050 1,850 1,900 103 Nebraska ..........: 980 1,130 1,040 92 New Jersey ........: 26 34 30 88 New Mexico ........: 360 405 370 91 New York ..........: 140 150 180 120 : North Carolina ....: 480 480 400 83 North Dakota ......: 105 155 145 94 Ohio ..............: 510 650 550 85 Oklahoma ..........: 4,300 4,550 4,300 95 Oregon ............: 730 740 740 100 Pennsylvania ......: 270 280 350 125 South Carolina ....: 120 110 100 91 South Dakota ......: 830 920 940 102 Tennessee .........: 410 470 380 81 Texas .............: 5,300 6,400 5,900 92 : Utah ..............: 110 105 100 95 Virginia ..........: 230 200 240 120 Washington ........: 1,850 1,800 1,800 100 Wisconsin .........: 300 280 250 89 Wyoming ...........: 115 115 105 91 : United States .....: 33,281 36,699 34,425 94 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Durum Wheat Area Seeded - States and United States: 2022-2024 [Blank cells indicate estimation period has not begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Crop year : 2024 State :--------------------------------------------------: as a percent : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 1/ : of 2023 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres 1,000 acres 1,000 acres percent : Arizona ........: 85 38 50 132 California .....: 40 18 15 83 Idaho ..........: 8 10 Montana ........: 710 705 North Dakota ...: 790 905 : United States ..: 1,633 1,676 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Indicated 2024 area seeded for all five States and the United States will be published in "Prospective Plantings" released March 2024. Canola Area Seeded - States and United States: 2022-2024 [Blank cells indicate estimation period has not begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Crop year : 2024 State :--------------------------------------------------: as a percent : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 1/ : of 2023 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres 1,000 acres 1,000 acres percent : Kansas .........: 8.5 1.5 3.0 200 Minnesota ......: 70.0 80.0 Montana ........: 180.0 165.0 North Dakota ...: 1,800.0 1,930.0 Oklahoma .......: 17.5 3.0 30.0 1,000 Washington .....: 130.0 165.0 : United States ..: 2,206.0 2,344.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Indicated 2024 area seeded for all six States and the United States will be published in "Prospective Plantings" released March 2024. Statistical Methodology Survey procedures: The estimates in this report are based primarily on surveys conducted the first two weeks of December. The December Agricultural Survey is a probability survey that includes a sample of approximately 72,200 farm operators selected from a list of producers that ensures all operations in the United States have a chance to be selected. Data from farm operators was collected by mail, internet, or telephone to obtain information on crop acreage, yield, and production for the 2023 crop year and winter wheat, Durum wheat, and canola seedings for the 2024 crop year. Estimating procedures: National, Regional, State, and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. Each Regional Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). Survey data are compiled to the National level and are reviewed at this level independently of each State's review. Estimates were based on survey data and the historical relationship of official estimates to survey data. Revision policy: These estimates will not be revised; instead, new estimates will be made throughout the growing season. End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest and published in the Small Grains Annual Summary report at the end of September. End-of-season canola estimates are published in the Crop Production Annual Summary report in the middle of January. Reliability: The survey used to make acreage estimates is subject to sampling and non-sampling type errors that are common to all surveys. The survey indications are subject to sampling variability because not all operations with winter wheat are included in the sample. This variability, as measured by the relative standard error at the National level, is approximately 2.1 percent for winter wheat. This means that chances are approximately 95 out of 100 that survey estimates for acres will be within plus or minus 4.2 percent for winter wheat. Survey indications are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omission, duplication, imputation for missing data, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. These errors cannot be measured directly, but they are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov. Chris Hawthorn, Acting Chief, Crops Branch........................................... (202) 720-2127 Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section............................................ (202) 720-2127 Irwin Anolik - Crop Progress and Condition...................................... (202) 720-7621 Joshua Bates - Hemp, Oats, Soybeans............................................. (202) 690-3234 Natasha Bruton - Barley, Cotton System Consumption and Stocks, Grain Crushings.. (202) 690-1042 David Colwell - Fats and Oils, Flour Milling Products........................... (202) 720-8800 Michelle Harder - County Estimates, Hay......................................... (202) 690-8533 James Johanson - Rye, Wheat..................................................... (202) 720-8068 Greg Lemmons - Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet..................................... (202) 720-9526 Becky Sommer - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum................................. (202) 720-5944 Travis Thorson - Sunflower, Other Oilseeds...................................... (202) 720-7369 Jennifer Van Court - Peanuts, Rice.............................................. (202) 720-2127 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov. Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. Cornell's Mann Library has launched a new website housing NASS's and other agency's archived reports. The new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. All email subscriptions containing reports will be sent from the new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. To continue receiving the reports via e-mail, you will have to go to the new website, create a new account and re-subscribe to the reports. If you need instructions to set up an account or subscribe, they are located at: https://usda.library.cornell.edu/help. You should whitelist notifications@usda-esmis.library.cornell.edu in your email client to avoid the emails going into spam/junk folders. For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@usda.gov. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic information in employment or in any program or activity conducted or funded by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/or employment activities.) If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form (PDF), found online at www.ascr.usda.gov/filing-program-discrimination-complaint-usda-customer, or at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may also write a letter containing all of the information requested in the form. Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department of Agriculture, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax (202) 690-7442 or email at program.intake@usda.gov.