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| verifiedrevid = 424953216
| ImageFile = Laudanosine.svg
| ImageSize = 220
| ImageName = Skeletal formula
| IUPACName = (1''S'')-1-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-6,7-dimethoxy- 2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1''H''-isoquinoline▼
| ImageFile1 = Laudanosine molecule spacefill.png
| ImageSize1 = 180
| ImageName1 = Space-filling model
▲|
| OtherNames = ''N''-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropapaverine
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CASNo = 2688-77-9
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = DA7R5WVN48
| PubChem = 73397
| EINECS = 220-253-2
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'''Laudanosine''' or '''''N''-methyltetrahydropapaverine''' is a recognized metabolite<ref name=Fodale>{{cite journal |vauthors=Fodale V, Santamaria LB |title=Laudanosine, an atracurium and cisatracurium metabolite |journal=Eur J Anaesthesiol |volume=19 |issue=7 |pages=466–73 |date=July 2002 |pmid=12113608 |doi=10.1017/s0265021502000777}}</ref> of [[atracurium]] and [[cisatracurium]]. Laudanosine decreases the seizure threshold, and thus it can induce seizures if present at sufficient threshold concentrations; however such concentrations are unlikely to be produced consequent to chemodegradable metabolism of clinically administered doses of [[cisatracurium]] or [[atracurium]].
[[Image:
Laudanosine also occurs naturally in minute amounts (0.1%) in [[opium]], from which it was first isolated in 1871.<ref>{{cite book |
Laudanosine is a [[benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline]] [[alkaloid]]. It has been shown to interact with [[GABA receptor]]s, [[glycine receptor]]s, [[opioid receptor]]s, and [[nicotinic acetylcholine receptor]]s,<ref name=Fodale/><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Katz Y, Weizman A, Pick CG, Pasternak GW, Liu L, Fonia O, Gavish M |title=Interactions between laudanosine, GABA, and opioid subtype receptors: implication for laudanosine seizure activity |journal= Brain Res |volume=646 |issue=2 |pages=235–241 |date=May 1994 |pmid=8069669 |doi=10.1016/0006-8993(94)90084-1 |s2cid=35031924 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Exley R, Iturriaga-Vásquez P, Lukas RJ, Sher E, Cassels BK, Bermudez I |title=Evaluation of benzyltetrahydroisoquinolines as ligands for neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors |journal= Br J Pharmacol |volume=146 |issue=1 |pages=15–24 |date=Sep 2005|pmid=15980871 |doi= 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706307 |pmc= 1576253 }}</ref> but not [[benzodiazepine receptor|benzodiazepine]] or [[muscarinic receptor]]s, which are also involved in epilepsy and other types of seizures.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Katz Y, Gavish M |title= Laudanosine does not displace receptor-specific ligands from the benzodiazepinergic or muscarinic receptors |journal=
==References==
{{
{{Navboxes
| title = [[Pharmacodynamics]]
| titlestyle = background:#ccccff
| list1 =
{{GABA receptor modulators}}
{{Glycine receptor modulators}}
{{Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor modulators}}
{{Opioid receptor modulators}}
}}
{{Components of Opium}}
[[Category:Natural opium alkaloids]]
[[Category:
[[Category:Convulsants]]
[[Category:GABAA receptor negative allosteric modulators]]
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