Mrkšina crkva printing house: Difference between revisions

| image = [[File:The Four GospelsCetveroevand'elje1.jpg|200px]]

| country = [[Ottoman EmpireSerbia]]

The '''Mrkšina crkva printing house''' ({{lang-sr|Штампарија Манастира Мркшина ЦрквaЦрква; Мркшиначка штампарија}})<ref name="Plavšić1959">{{cite book|author=Lazar Plavšić|title=Srpske štamparije: od kraja XV do sredine XIX veka|url=httphttps://books.google.com/books?id=f3QLAAAAMAAJ|year=1959|publisher=Udruženje grafičkih preduzeća Jugoslavije|page=126|quote=ШТАМПАРИЈА МАНАСТИРА МРКШИНА ЦРКВА}}</ref> was a printing house established in 1562 in the Monastery of Mrkšina Crkva in village [[Kosjerić]] in [[Ottoman Serbia]] (today a town in [[Serbia]]). This printing house was operational until 1566 and printed two [[srbulje]] books, [[Gospel#Canonical gospels|The Four Gospels]] (Четворојеванђеље) in 1562 and ''TriodThe CvetniFlower Triod'' (Триод Цветни) in 1566.<ref>{{cite book|title=Proceedings in history|url=httphttps://books.google.com/books?id=ehcWAQAAMAAJ|year=1979|publisher=Odeljenje za društvene nauke, Matica srpska|page=221|quote= Мркшина Црква 1562—15661562–1566}}</ref> In 1567 the Ottomans destroyed the church and its printing house.

Today the exact location of this printing house is unknown. There are different theories about exact location of the monastery and its printing house, but all of them agree that it was somewhere near [[Kosjerić]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Uzicki zbornik|url=httphttps://books.google.com/books?id=bSGFAAAAIAAJ|year=1989|page=114|quote=Сви који су до сада о томе писали слажу се само у једном, да је Мркшина црква била негде око Косјерића. }}</ref> One of the most possible locations is above the county house and mouth of the river Kladoroba and [[Skrapež]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Zbornik Matice srpske za književnost i jezik|url=httphttps://books.google.com/books?id=xqdiAAAAMAAJ|year=1991|publisher=Матица српска|page=513}}</ref>

The books created in the printing house were edited and printed by [[Hieromonk Mardarije]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Uzicki zbornik|url=httphttps://books.google.com/books?id=bSGFAAAAIAAJ|year=1989|page=114}}</ref> According to some sources, it was Mardarije who inspired first Dmitrović and then [[Trojan Gundulić]] to invest in a printing business and organized all activities during the set up of the printing house in Belgrade.<ref name="društvo1922">{{cite book|author=Srpsko geografsko društvo|title=Glasnik Srpskog geografskog društva: Bulletin de la Société serbe de geographie|url=httphttps://books.google.com/books?id=-Tv5fVh-s74C|year=1922|publisher=Srpsko geografsko društvo|page=189|quote=Сва три, пак, записа утврђују : да је јеромонах Мардарије, оснивач штампарије, био један од калуђера велике главе и истрајне ... }}</ref> Some sources explain that Mardarije moved a printing press from Belgrade to Mrkšina crkva monastery.<ref>{{cite book|title=Annuaire du musee de la ville de Beograd|url=httphttps://books.google.com/books?id=hYcSAAAAIAAJ|year=1955|publisher=Beogradske novine|page=91|quote= Неки наши научници сматрају да је ту штампарију понео собом у Мркшину Цркву јеромонах Мардарије. }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Vojska|url=httphttps://books.google.com/books?id=CoIpAQAAIAAJ|year=2004|publisher=Vojnoizdavački i novinski centar|page=167|quote=Штампарија из Београда пренета је у Мркшину цркву код ...}}</ref> Two books were printed in the Mrkšina crkva printing house:<ref>{{cite book|title=Историски записи|url=httphttps://books.google.com/books?id=GkRpAAAAMAAJ|year=1994|publisher=с.н.|page=198}}</ref>

The Flower Triod is recognizable because in this book Mardarije preferred to use figural motifs instead of the [[Ornament (art)|ornaments]].<ref name="Medaković">{{cite book|last=Medaković|first=Dejan|authorlink=Dejan Medaković|title=Izabrane srpske teme: studije i prilozi|year=1996|url=httphttps://books.google.com/books?id=f3UvAQAAIAAJ|publisher=Beogradski izdavačko-grafički zavod|page=119|isbn=9788613007883|quote=Нешто доцније, 1562-65, срећемо још једном његово име у штампарији Мркшине цркве. Ту су штампане две књиге, а нарочито је занимљив Цветни Триод, у којем је Мардарије фигуралне мотиве претпоставио орнаменталним.}}</ref> This book was printed on 1 September 1566 by Hieromonk Mardarije, priest Živko and deacon Radul.<ref>{{cite book|title=Archivum philologicum et linguisticum|url=httphttps://books.google.com/books?id=6OgiAQAAMAAJ|year=1968|publisher=Matica srpska.|page=273}}</ref> This was the last book printed in the Mrkšina crkva printing house in 1566.<ref>{{cite book|title=Zavičaj|url=httphttps://books.google.com/books?id=jD_vAAAAMAAJ|year=1981|publisher=Matica iseljenika Crne Gore.|page=28|quote=Последња штампарија манастира Мркшина цркве престала је да ради 1566. године.}}</ref>

In 1567 the Ottomans burned the church and its printing house,<ref name="kosjeric.rs">[{{cite web|url=http://www.kosjeric.rs/dokumenta/opstina/skupstina/2012/resenje_ulice.pdf |title=Decision of the AssemlyAssembly of Kosjerić municipality, 9 February 2012] |publisher=kosjeric.rs|access-date=2015-02-11}}</ref> while the monks fled to [[Rača monastery]], similar to monks from [[Rujno Monastery printing house]] who fled there after 1537.<ref>{{cite book|title=Brastvo|url=httphttps://books.google.com/books?id=j2gaAQAAIAAJ|year=1930|publisher=Društvo sv. Save.|page=77|quote=Да су калуђери манастира Рујна, после 1537, а Мркшине Цркве после 1566 год. напустили своје манастире, ...}}</ref> After the printing house ceasedbecame operationdefunct in 1566, no other such outfitoperation existed in [[Ottoman Serbia]] until 1831.<ref name="Budiša1984">{{cite book|last=Budiša|first=Dražen|authorlink=Dražen Budiša|title=Počeci tiskarstva u evropskih naroda|url=httphttps://books.google.com/books?id=7jQLAQAAIAAJ|year=1984|publisher=Kršćanska sadašnjost|page=194|quote=Od prestanka rada Stamparije manastira Mrksina crkva pa do 1831. go- dine u Srbiji nije bilo átamparija ...}}</ref>

Two copies of the Four Gospels printed at Mrkšina crkva are still preserved in the [[Monastery of the Holy Trinity of Pljevlja]], one copy in [[Monastery Ždrebaonik]] and two in [[Cetinje Monastery]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Starine Crne Gore|url=httphttps://books.google.com/books?id=iZJM_8B78KcC|year=1963|publisher=Obod|page=10|quote=Из штампарије Мркшине цркве из 1562. године сачувана су два Четворојеванђеља у манастиру Св. Тројице код Пљеваља, једно у манастиру Ждребаонику и два у Цетињском ...}}</ref> A street in Kosjerić heading to the supposed place of the Mrkšina crkva is named Zoupan Mrkša.<ref name="kosjeric.rs"/>

[[Category:Serbian printers|+]]