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{{Infobox settlement
| name = al-Nahr
| native_name = النهر
| native_name_lang = ar
| other_name = an-Nahr
| settlement_type =
<!-- images, nickname, motto -->
| image_caption = Skyline of al-Nahr, 1949
| etymology = In 1881, the place was named ''Kahweh'', meaning "the coffee shop"<ref>Palmer, 1881, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp00conduoft#page/43/mode/1up 43]</ref>
<!-- maps and coordinates -->
| pushpin_map = Mandatory Palestine | pushpin_map_caption = Location within [[Mandatory Palestine]] | image_map = {{Historical map series|default=2|date1=1870s|date2=1940s|date3=modern|date4=1940s with modern overlay|width=225|name=al-Nahr}} | map_caption = A series of historical maps of the area around {{PAGENAME}} (click the buttons)
| pushpin_mapsize = 200
| coordinates = {{coord|33|00|26|N|35|08|29|E|type:city_region:PS|display=inline,title}}
| grid_name = [[Palestine grid|Palestine grid]]
| grid_position = 163/268
<!-- location -->
| subdivision_type = [[Geopolitical entity]]
| subdivision_name = [[Mandatory Palestine]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[Districts of Mandatory Palestine|Subdistrict]]
|
<!-- established -->
| established_title1 = Date of depopulation
| established_date1 = 21 May 1948<ref>Morris, 2004, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C&pg=PR17 xvii], village #82</ref>
| established_title2 = Repopulated dates
<!-- area -->
| area_footnotes = <ref name=Hadawi41/>
| unit_pref = dunam
| area_total_dunam = 5,261
<!-- population -->
| population_as_of = 1945
| population_total = 610<ref name=1945p4>Department of Statistics, 1945, p. [http://users.cecs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/VSpages/VS1945_p04.jpg 4]</ref><ref name=Hadawi41>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20I/Acre/Page-041.jpg 41]</ref>
<!-- blank fields (section 1) -->
| blank_name_sec1 = Cause(s) of depopulation
| blank_info_sec1 = Military assault by [[Yishuv]] forces
| blank3_name_sec1 = Current Localities
| blank3_info_sec1 = [[Ben Ami]],<ref>Morris, 2004, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C&pg=PR21 xxi] village 52</ref><ref name=Khalidi28b>Khalidi, 1992, p. 28</ref> [[Kabri, Israel|Kabri]]<ref name=Khalidi28b/>
}}
'''al-Nahr''' ({{lang-ar|النهر}}), was a [[
==History==
The twin villages of
===Ottoman era===
In the [[Ottoman empire|Ottoman]] period, the village appeared under the name of ''El Qahweh'' in [[Pierre Jacotin]]´s map from 1799.<ref>Karmon, 1960, p. [http://www.jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf 160] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201182028/http://jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf |date=2017-12-01 }}</ref>
In 1875, the French explorer [[Victor Guérin]] visited the village, which he called ''El Kahoueh''. He found it to have 120 inhabitants, all Muslims.<ref>Guérin, 1880, p. [https://archive.org/stream/descriptiongogr00gugoog#page/n47/mode/1up 31]</ref>
In 1881 the [[Palestine Exploration Fund|PEF]]'s ''[[PEF Survey of Palestine|Survey of Western Palestine]]'' described the village, then named ''El Kahweh'', as a "stone village, containing about 250 Moslems, [] situated on the plain, surrounded by figs, olives, mulberries, and pomegranates; there is a spring and flowing stream at this village."<ref>Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp01conduoft#page/146/mode/1up 146]</ref>
A population list from about 1887 showed that ''el Kahweh'' had 370 inhabitant; all [[Muslim]]s.<ref>Schumacher, 1888, p. [https://archive.org/stream/quarterlystateme19pale#page/n198/mode/1up 173]</ref>
===British Mandate era===
In the [[1922 census of Palestine]] conducted by the [[Mandatory Palestine|British Mandate authorities]], Al Nahr wa Tal had a population of 422; 3 Bahai, the rest Muslim.<ref name=Barron36>Barron, 1923, Table XI, Sub-district of Acre, p. [https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n38/mode/1up 36]</ref> In the [[1931 census of Palestine|1931 census]], Al-Nahr had 522 Muslim inhabitants, in a total of 120 houses.<ref name="Census1931">Mills, 1932, p. [https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas 102]</ref>
In villagers of Al-Nahr lived principally of agriculture and animal husbandry.<ref name=Khalidi28/> In the [[Village Statistics, 1945|1945 statistics]] it had a population of 610 Muslims,<ref name=1945p4/> with 5,261 [[dunams]] of land.<ref name=Hadawi41/> A total of 2,066 [[Dunam|dunums]] was used for [[citrus]] and [[banana]]s, 1,094 dunums were allotted to [[cereals]], 1,937 dunums were irrigated or used for orchards, of which 30 dunums were planted in [[olive]] trees,<ref name=1945p4/><ref name=Khalidi28>Khalidi, 1992, pp. 27-28</ref><ref name=Hadawi81>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20II/Acre/Page-081.jpg 81]</ref> while 28 dunams were built-up land.<ref name=1945p4/><ref name=Hadawi131>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20III/Acre/Page-131.jpg 131]</ref>
====1948 war====
{{see also|al-Kabri massacre}}
On March 27, 1948, hundreds of armed villagers and units of the [[Arab Liberation Army]] attacked a Jewish convoy near [[Al-Kabri|Kabri]], killing forty-nine [[Jews]]. Six Arabs were also killed in the battle. Two months later the commander of [[Operation Ben-Ami]] gave operational orders given that day were to "attack with the aim of capturing, the villages of Kabri, [[Umm al Faraj]] and Al-Nahr, to kill the men [and] to destroy and set fire to the villages."<ref name=Benvenisti138/><ref>Morris, 2004, pp. [https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C&pg=PA253 253], [https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C&pg=PA347 347]</ref> Benvenisti states that "the orders were carried out to the letter", while Morris writes that a number of villagers were apparently executed.<ref name=Benvenisti138/><ref>Morris, 2004, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C&pg=PA254 254]</ref>
===Israeli period===
Following the war the area was incorporated into the [[Israel|State of Israel]]. The [[kibbutz]] of [[Kabri, Israel|Kabri]] was founded the following year and uses land that had belonged to al-Nahr.<ref name=Khalidi28/> The [[moshav]] [[Ben Ami]], named after the fallen commander of an attack on nearby [[Nahariyya]], was also established on the village's land.<ref name=Khalidi28/> In 1992, the village site was described as "Only two houses remain, and one of them is partially destroyed. A tall date-palm tree grows on the village site, which is overgrown by wild grasses, a few cactuses, and fig trees. The [[cemetery]], on the western side of the village contains one identifiable grave. The nearby Fawwara spring has been fenced in and declared private property."<ref name=Khalidi28/>
==See also==
*[[Depopulated Palestinian locations in Israel]]
==References==
{{Reflist|
==Bibliography==
{{Refbegin}}
*{{cite book | editor =Barron,
*{{cite book |title=Sacred landscape: the buried history of the Holy Land since 1948 |first=
*{{cite book|last1=Conder|first1=
*{{cite book|title=Village Statistics, April, 1945|url=http://web.nli.org.il/sites/nli/Hebrew/library/Pages/BookReader.aspx?pid=856390|author=Department of Statistics|year=1945|publisher=Government of Palestine}}
*{{cite book|last=Guérin|first=V.|author-link=Victor Guérin|title=Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine|url=https://archive.org/details/descriptiongogr00gugoog|volume=3: Galilee, pt. 2|year=1880|publisher=L'Imprimerie Nationale|location=Paris|language=fr}}
*{{cite book|title=Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine|url=http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html|first=S.|last=Hadawi|author-link=Sami Hadawi|year=1970|publisher=Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center|access-date=2013-12-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181208215837/http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html|archive-date=2018-12-08|url-status=dead}}
*{{cite journal | author = Karmon, Y. | title = An Analysis of Jacotin's Map of Palestine | url = http://www.jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf | journal = [[Israel Exploration Journal]] | volume = 10 | issue = 3,4 | year = 1960 | pages = 155–173; 244–253 | access-date = 2015-03-23 | archive-date = 2017-12-01 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171201182028/http://jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf | url-status = dead }}
*{{cite book|title=All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_By7AAAAIAAJ|first=W.|last=Khalidi|author-link=Walid Khalidi|year=1992|location=[[Washington D.C.]]|publisher=[[Institute for Palestine Studies]]|isbn=0-88728-224-5}}
*{{cite book | editor = Mills, E. | title = Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas | url = https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas | publisher = Government of Palestine | location = Jerusalem | year = 1932 }}
*
*Morris, B., (second edition 2004 third printing 2006) The Birth Of The Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited, Cambridge University Press, {{ISBN|0-521-00967-7}}
*{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=E.H.|author-link=Edward Henry Palmer|year=1881|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp00conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer|publisher=[[Palestine Exploration Fund|Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund]]}}
*{{cite journal | last = Schumacher | first = G. | author-link = Gottlieb Schumacher | title = Population list of the Liwa of Akka | journal = Quarterly Statement - Palestine Exploration Fund | volume = 20 | pages = [https://archive.org/details/quarterlystateme19pale/page/169 169]–191 | url = https://archive.org/details/quarterlystateme19pale | year = 1888 }}
*{{cite book | title=The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KmZkrgEACAAJ | publisher=Israel Exploration Society & Carta, Simon and Schuster | author1=Stern, E. | author-link1=Ephraim Stern | author2=Lewinson-Gilboa, A. | author3=Avriam, J. | year=1993 | location=Jerusalem | pages=839–841 | isbn=0-13-276312-5 | volume=3 }}
{{Refend}}
==External links==
*[http://www.palestineremembered.com/Acre/al-Nahr/index.html Welcome to al-Nahr]
*[http://www.zochrot.org/en/village/49311 al-Nahr], [[Zochrot]]
*Survey of Western Palestine, Map 3: [http://www.iaa-archives.org.il/zoom/zoom.aspx?folder_id=93&type_id=6&id=8366 *[http://www.wrmea.com/archives/May-June_2008/0805028.html Hussein Mubaraki: Because They Wanted the Land], [[Washington Report on Middle East Affairs|WREMEA]], May–June 2008
{{Palestinian Arab villages depopulated during the 1948 Palestine War}}
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[[Category:Arab villages depopulated during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War]]
[[Category:District of Acre]]
[[Category:1948 disestablishments in Mandatory Palestine]]
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