Content deleted Content added
m Disambiguating links to Turret (link changed to Turret (architecture)) using DisamAssist. |
|||
| (25 intermediate revisions by 15 users not shown) | |||
Line 20:
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
|
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Bañares within La Rioja
| pushpin_map_alt =
| coordinates = {{coord|42|28|10|N|2|54|37|W|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint =
| coordinates_footnotes =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Spain}}
Line 41 ⟶ 32:
| subdivision_type2 = [[Provinces of Spain|Province]]
| subdivision_name2 = {{flagcountry|La Rioja (Spain)}}
| subdivision_type3 = [[Comarcas of Spain|Comarca]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Santo Domingo de la Calzada]]
| established_title =
Line 88 ⟶ 79:
| elevation_footnotes = ([[Above mean sea level|AMSL]])
| elevation_m = 595
| population_as_of =
|
| population_total =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_note =
Line 111 ⟶ 102:
}}
'''Bañares''' is a municipality of [[La Rioja (Spain)|La Rioja]],
Its economy is primarily based on [[agriculture]]. Especially in the cultivation of [[potato]], [[cereal]], [[beets]] and [[green beans]].
Line 119 ⟶ 110:
[[File:Bañares - La Rioja (Spain) - Municipality Map.svg|220px|thumb|left|Municipal boundaries of Bañares.]]
The first references to the village of Bañares confirm its existence as early as 1051: (Scemeno Munioz de Cerratón{{efn|alternatively written as Jimeno Muñoz de Zarratón}} in his letter about a donation that he makes to [[Monasteries of San Millán de la Cogolla|Saint Millán]], when [[García Sánchez III of Navarre|Garsea]] was [[King of Pamplona]] in 1089,{{efn|The reference is to García Sánchez III of Navarre, and the year corresponds to 1051 [[Common Era|CE]] (the dating system followed in that period was the [[Spanish era]] which can be converted to the Common Era year by subtracting 38 years)}} where he stands witness before Lope Enecores de Vaniares{{efn|Lope Íñiguez de Bañares}}).<ref>{{cite book|title=Manuscripts of the Real Academia de la Historia|publisher=Real Academia de la Historia|location=Madrid|edition=0'21, folio 76}}</ref>
In the year 1133 [[Alfonso I the Battler|King Alfonso the Battler]], who ruled over La Rioja, donated to Pedro, Archdeacon and rector of the Church of El Salvador, all the estates that touched upon the castle of Bilibio, along with all the land of the King in the village of Bañares, by Royal Decree.
In 1157, on the plain of Valpierre, near Bañares, two battles were fought between the troops of [[Sancho III of Castile]] and [[Sancho III of Navarre]], the latter having tried to take advantage of the death of [[Alfonso VII of León and Castile|Alfonso VII]] to acquire Castilian territory.
By 1200, Pedro Fernández de Villegas I (hero of the [[Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa]] in 1212) was lord of the ''behetría'' (benefactor) of Bañares.
The town was the scene of bloody battles in the 12th and 13th centuries between the kingdoms of [[Kingdom of Navarre|Navarre]] and [[Kingdom of Castile|Castile]].
In 1478, the title of the Earl of Bañares was granted in favor of Alvaro de Zúñiga y Guzmán, owner of the castle, of which some ruins remain today, and the town remained in its domain until the abolition of this jurisdictional system in 1811 .
It was part of the province of [[Burgos province|Burgos]] until the province of [[Logroño (province)|Logroño]] was created, and today it belongs to the [[autonomous community]] of [[La Rioja (Spain)|La Rioja]].
The village has had a [[hospital]] since 1837.
==Demographics==
As of January 1, 2010 the population of the town rose to 321 inhabitants, 156 men and 165 women.
{{Vertical bar chart|type=demographic|position=650|color_1=green|color_2=green|color_3=green|color_4=green|color_5=green|color_17=blue|name=Bañares (municipality)|1857|833 |1860|825 |1877|777 |1887|891 |1897|895 |1900|902 |1910|885 |1920|845 |1930|964 |1940|978 |1950|995 |1960|897 |1970|784 |1981| 584|1991|432|2001|393|2010|321 |note=<small>{{legend|#0c9605|Voting age population (1857-1897) according to the [[National Institute of Statistics (Spain)|INE]] population census of the 19th century.}}
{{legend|#88c2cc|Voting age population (1900-1991) or Resident population (2001) according to the [[National Institute of Statistics (Spain)|INE]] population census.}}
{{legend|#115cc3|Population according to the 2010 municipal register of [[National Institute of Statistics (Spain)|INE]].}}</small>}}
==Etymology==
In the [[papal bull]] of 1199 which granted privileges to the [[Monasteries of San Millán de la Cogolla]], it appears as "Bannares", with the collective suffix -ar and the [[Mozarabic language|Mozarabic]] feminine plural -es. The name of the place makes reference to [[Roman baths|baths]], widely used in the Roman period.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Ranz Yubero|first1=José Antonio|last2=López de los Mozos|first2=José Ramón|title=Topónimos riojanos del patrimonio emilianense en una bula de 1199. (Archivo de San Millán M. 41-52)|journal=Berceo|date=2002|volume=142|issue=1|pages=65–76|trans-title=Place names in La Rioja of Emilianese heritage in an 1199 papal bull (Archive of the Monasteries of San Millán 41-52)|language=es|issn=0210-8550}}</ref>
[[File:Panorámica Bañares.jpg|700px|center|thumb|View of Bañares]]
== Tourism ==
[[File:Ermita de la Santa Cruz - Bañares - La Rioja.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Hermitage of Santa Cruz.]]
[[File:Bañares - Iglesia de la Santa Cruz 6070191.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Church of Santa Cruz]]
=== Buildings and monuments ===
==== Chapel of Santa Cruz or Santa Maria la Antigua (Saint Mary the Ancient) ====
An ancient, [[Romanesque architecture|Romanesque]] parish church that was constructed around the 12th century.
After a new church was built with the name Santa Cruz, the older one was renamed as Santa Maria la Antigua (Saint Mary the Ancient).
It was declared a [[Bien de Interés Cultural]] (Heritage of Cultural Interest) in the [[Monument]] category on 9 April 1964.<ref>[http://www.mcu.es/bienes/cargarFiltroBienesInmuebles.do?layout=bienesInmuebles&cache=init&language=es Mininsterio de Cultura.]</ref>
==== Parish church of the Holy Cross (Iglesia parroquial de la Santa Cruz) ====
It is a [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] building. Construction began around 1490 and ended around 1510.
In the interior of the church, one finds the ark of San Formerio. It is one of the jewels of Spanish Romanesque art; scholars place it halfway through the 12th century. It is made of wood covered with copper plates enameled with different motifs.
It was declared a [[Bien de Interés Cultural]] (Heritage of Cultural Interest) in the [[Monument]] category on 9 April 1964.<ref>[http://www.mcu.es/bienes/cargarFiltroBienesInmuebles.do?layout=bienesInmuebles&cache=init&language=es Mininsterio de Cultura.]</ref>
==== Castle of Bañares ====
This [[castle]] is now in ruins; since the stone was sold for construction. It is known that it had thick walls, a keep, and a moat that defended it.
Currently only the Banares castle ruins are preserved, situated on the exit road toward [[Hervias]], which allows reconstruction of a rectangular floor plan, with an entrance, facing east, on one of the long sides, flanked by cylindrical [[Turret (architecture)|turrets]], that also reinforce the corners of the rectangle. The walls were of great thickness and sloped. In its interior, one found the [[keep]], attached to the southern section of the wall. Rectangular in form, it was constructed with massive [[cobblestone]] and pebble core [[masonry]] walls, reaching approximately 3.5 m in thickness. The interior space of this tower is divided longitudinally (E-W) in two naves, by two semi-circular [[arches]] which support a square [[Column|pillar]] in the center and two [[corbels]] on the eastern and western walls.
== Festivals ==
The fiesta in honor of St. Formerio is celebrated on the third weekend of August. These include religious ceremonies, the [[running of the bulls]], [[rock concerts]] and a community meal held the last day in the La Salceda park.
On the last Sunday of July, a day in honor of the Virgin of Antiquity (Spanish: La Virgen De La Antigua) is celebrated.
Their local holidays were celebrated at the end of September, after the [[harvest]]. They are in honor of St. Formerio, [[patron saint]] of the village.
The main attraction of these festivals are their processions that began the Day of Thanks, celebrated on September 14, and then the Patronage Festivals celebrated on the 24th and 25th of the same month. Recently, the patronal fiestas have been changed to the third weekend, but September 25 is still celebrated as Thanks.
Every day of the fiestas is celebrated by a procession, where the young people raise the patron saint in dance through many streets of the pueblo.
In the past, having more people in the village, there were teams of young people, always boys, that competed amongst themselves to see who was going to be the dance team that year, having already asked for permission from the [[Mayor]]. Now it is different because there are no young people responsible for teaching the future dancers, it is very difficult to find youth, so, for lack of men, the women have had to do it.
The dances on the first two days are performed with [[castanets]], the dancers are eight or nine similarly dressed with somewhat different neckerchiefs or Cachiburrios. The chief attire is a white shirt and trousers with a red [[sash]], and colored ribbons across the body held in place by the sash. elbow patches with colored ribbons and the castanets also have colored ribbons sewn onto them. And on the shoulders, a [[shawl]] of bright colors. The shoes were white [[espadrilles]], with colored ribbons.
The dances with castanets have two rhythms - one that is danced throughout the procession; and another that takes place a few meters before entering the church that is danced at high speed over a short stretch of space as the dancers perform short steps very rapidly, this is performed in a corridor while the retinue of the church authorities enter.
On the second day of the festival, the dances are performed with sticks, that are called Troqueados. There are various dances of which the most picturesque are those called the dance of the Swords and the dance of the Professions. In the first a type of combat is carried out between two dancers, and subsequently between everyone at the battle scene, which ends with neither victor nor vanquished. In the dance of the Professions, as its own name indicates, is a dance in which everyone takes part and each in turn acts out a different job, such as tailor, shoemaker, blacksmith, violinist, flycatcher, etc.
Another cultural event, celebrated in that area, is the serenading of newlyweds when they returned from their [[honeymoon]]. This only happened once for each couple and was called "Asking for Rebollo". At night, when they went to sleep, the gang of their friends and acquaintances would go, singing, to hang around the door of the newlyweds' house, who would then treat their friends to [[liquor]] and [[pastries]] until the early hours of the morning.
The most well-known songs with which the newlyweds are serenaded are the following:
: It looks like I am watching you,
: going down the stairs
: with the bottle in my hand
: and cookies in the other.
: To these newlyweds
: we come to serenade them
: and to give them congratulations
: with all sincerity.
: To these newlyweds,
: we wish them good fortune
: and in about nine months
: may they have a child in the crib.
== Cuisine ==
The people use many products from the garden, examples being vegetable stew (called Menestra Riojana, or Riojan Stew), [[Rioja style potatoes|potatoes with sausage]], potatoes with beef, [[piquillo peppers]]. Additionally, the meat is excellent, good examples being the local [[chorizo]], [[Blood sausage|sausages]], and chuletillas al sarmiento ([[Lamb chop (meat)|lamb chops]] with vine shoots), taking advantage of the wood that is a result of the pruning of the abundant [[vineyards]] in the area.
== Sports facilities ==
Municipal pelota court, swimming pools and soccer fields of the Salceda. In addition there is a tourist cycling route that runs along the old railroad track path included in the catalog of [[Rail trail|greenways]].
== See also ==
* [[List of Bien de Interés Cultural in the Province of La Rioja]]
* [[List of municipalities in La Rioja]]
* [[La Rioja (Spain)]]
==Notes==
{{notelist}}
==References==
Line 133 ⟶ 222:
{{DEFAULTSORT:Banares}}
[[Category:Populated places in La Rioja (Spain)]]
| |||