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{{
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2014}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Sir Lauder Brunton
| honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|Bt|FRS|size=100%}}
| image = Lauder Brunton 1881.jpg
| caption = Brunton in 1881
| birth_date = 14 March 1844
| birth_place = [[Roxburgh]], Scotland
| death_date = 16 September 1916 (aged 72)
| death_place = [[London]], England
| residence =
| citizenship =
| nationality = Scottish
| other_names
| field =
| work_institutions =
| alma_mater =
| doctoral_advisor =
| doctoral_students =
| known_for = Treatment of [[angina pectoris]]
| influences =
| influenced =
| prizes = [[Cameron Prize for Therapeutics of the University of Edinburgh]] {{small|(1915)}}
| footnotes =
| spouse = {{marriage|Louisa Jane Stopford|1879|1909|reason=died}}
| signature =
}}
'''Sir Thomas Lauder Brunton, 1st Baronet''', {{post-nominals|country=GBR|FRS}} (14 March 1844 – 16 September 1916) was a British physician who is most-closely associated with the use of [[amyl nitrite]] to treat [[angina pectoris]].
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==Career==
He left Edinburgh to work in Austria, the Netherlands, and Germany, returning to [[University College, London]], and while there he was selected for a position at [[St. Bartholomew's Hospital]]. Brunton's clinical use of [[amyl nitrite]] to treat [[Angina pectoris|angina]] was inspired by earlier work with the same reagent by [[Arthur Gamgee]] and [[Benjamin Ward Richardson]]. Brunton reasoned that the pain and discomfort of angina could be reduced by administering amyl nitrite to open the coronary arteries of patients. In 1874, Brunton was made a [[Fellow of the Royal Society]]. He delivered the [[Goulstonian Lecture]] in 1877 on "Pharmacology and Therapeutics" and the [[Croonian Lecture]] in 1889 on "The Chemical structure of Physiological Action", both to the [[Royal College of Physicians]]. He was appointed a [[Knight Bachelor]] in the [[1900 New Year Honours|1900 New Year Honours list]], received the knighthood by [[Queen Victoria]] at [[Osborne House]] on 9 February 1900,<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27167 |date=20 February 1900
==Diabetes==
Brunton favoured a [[Low-carbohydrate diet|low-carbohydrate]] high-fat diet to treat [[diabetes]].<ref name="Tattersall 1995">{{cite journal|author=Tattersall, Robert|year=1995|title=Pancreatic organotherapy for diabetes, 1889-1921|journal=Medical History|volume=39|issue=3|pages=288–316|pmc=1037001|pmid=7643671|doi=10.1017/s0025727300060087}}</ref> In 1874, he recommended a diet consisting of butcher meat, fish, eggs and soup with butter, cheese, cream and oil. All fruit and vegetables apart from [[Garden cress|cress]], lettuce and spinach were forbidden.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Brunton, Thomas Lauder|year=1874|title=The Pathology and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus|journal=The British Medical Journal|volume=1|issue=686|pages=221–224|doi=10.1136/bmj.1.686.221 |pmid=20747395|pmc=2293828 }}</ref>
In ''[[The Lancet]]'' in 1894, Brunton stated that he was the first to use [[raw meat]] to treat diabetic patients in 1873. The results were not successful.<ref name="Tattersall 1995"/>
==Personal life==
Brunton married Louisa Jane, daughter of [[Edward Stopford (priest)|Edward Stopford]], [[Archdeacon of Meath]], in 1879. She died in 1909.
He died in [[London]] on 16 September 1916, aged 72, and was buried on the eastern side of [[Highgate Cemetery]]. His memorial was designed by Sir [[Robert Lorimer]]. Lorimer also designed a plaque to Brunton in [[Bowden, Scottish Borders|Bowden]] in Roxburghshire, erected in 1920.<ref>Dictionary of Scottish Architects: Robert Lorimer</ref>
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Some of Brunton's papers are held at the National Library of Medicine.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://oculus.nlm.nih.gov/brunton073|title=Sir Thomas Lauder Brunton Correspondence 1881–1912|publisher=National Library of Medicine}}</ref>
== Selected
*{{cite journal|author=Brunton, T. Lauder|year=1874|title=The Pathology and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus|journal=The British Medical Journal|volume=1|issue=686|pages=221–224|doi=10.1136/bmj.1.686.221 |pmid=20747395|pmc=2293828 }}
* {{cite book | author = Brunton, T. Lauder | title = Experimental Investigation of the Action of Medicines | year = 1875 | publisher = J. and A. Churchill | location = London | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=SD_WM9ax61YC&pg=PA1}}
* {{cite book | author = Brunton, T. Lauder | title = Pharmacology and Therapeutics, or, Medicine Past and Present | year = 1880 | publisher = Macmillan and Company | location = London | url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_LR4JAAAAIAAJ}}
* {{cite book | author = Brunton,
* {{cite book | author = Brunton, T. Lauder | title = On Disorders of Digestion, Their Consequences and Treatment | year = 1886 | publisher = Macmillan and Company | location = London | url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_HVcQAAAAYAAJ
*{{cite journal|author=Brunton, T. Lauder|year=1894|title=Organs of Animals in the Treatment of Disease|journal=The Lancet|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=iau.31858021447093&view=2up&seq=221&size=200|volume=143|issue=3687|pages=1096–1097|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(01)40529-0 }}
* {{cite book | author = Brunton, T. Lauder | title = Therapeutics of the Circulation | edition = 2 | year = 1915 | publisher = Paul E. Hoeber | location = New York | url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9k51uT_-ED4C
== References ==
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* {{cite journal | author = C. A. | title = Thomas Lauder Brunton, 1844–1916 | journal = Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences | year = 1917 | volume = 89 | issue = 622 | pages = xliv – xlviii|department=Obituary Notices of Fellows Deceased|url=https://archive.org/details/philtrans07268028|doi=10.1098/rspb.1917.0010| doi-access = free }}
* [http://www.scottish-places.info/people/famousfirst2023.html Brief summary of Brunton's work]
* {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20080501224814/http://www.leighrayment.com/baronetage/baronetsB6.htm Baronetcy of Brunton and his successors]}}
==External links==
* {{Librivox author |id=16498}}
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{{Low-carbohydrate diets}}
{{Authority control}}
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[[Category:1844 births]]
[[Category:1916 deaths]]
[[Category:19th-century Scottish medical doctors]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh]]
[[Category:Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:British diabetologists]]
[[Category:Burials at Highgate Cemetery]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal Society]]
[[Category:Knights Bachelor]]
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