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{{Short description|Genus of rod-shaped bacteria}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| taxon = Neobacillus
| authority = Patel and Gupta 2020
| familia = [[Bacillaceae]]▼
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = *''[[
*''[[Neobacillus
*''[[
*''[[
*''[[
*''[[
*''[[
*''[[
*''[[
*''[[
*''[[
*''[[
*''[[Neobacillus
*''[[
*''[[
*''[[Neobacillus
*''[[Neobacillus rhizosphaerae|N. rhizosphaerae]]''
*''[[Neobacillus sedimentimangrovi|N. sedimentimangrovi]]''
*''[[Bacillus soli|N. soli]]''
*''[[Bacillus thermocopriae|N. thermocopriae]]''
*''[[Bacillus vireti|N. vireti]]''
}}
'''''Neobacillus''''' is a genus of rod-shaped bacteria that show [[Gram-positive bacteria|Gram-positive]] or Gram-variable staining.<ref name=":03">{{Cite journal|
Members of this genus were previously part of the genus ''[[Bacillus]]''
The name ''Neobacillus'' is pieced together using the prefix "neo-" (from the Greek adjective {{Lang|el|neos}}, translating to new) and the suffix "-bacillus" (from the Latin noun {{Lang|la|bacillus}}, referring to a small staff or rod and ''Bacillus'', the bacterial genus). Together, the name translates to "new ''Bacillus''".<ref name=":03" />
== Biochemical Characteristics<ref name=":03" /> ==▼
Members of ''Neobacillus'' can be either [[aerobic]] or [[Facultative anaerobic organism|facultatively anaerobic.]] [[Motility]] is variable, some species are motile while others are non-motile. All studied species are observed to form [[Endospore|endospores]] under adverse environmental or nutritional conditions. ''Neobacillus'' can be found in a variety of environments, including soil, human origin (gut and skin) and plant roots. ''Neobacillus'' can grow in temperatures up to 50-55°C, but optimal growth occurs in the range of 25-37°C.▼
▲Members of ''Neobacillus'' can be either [[Aerobic organism|aerobic]] or [[Facultative anaerobic organism|facultatively anaerobic.]] [[Motility]] is variable, some species are motile while others are non-motile. All studied species are observed to form [[Endospore|endospores]] under adverse environmental or nutritional conditions. ''Neobacillus'' can be found in a variety of environments, including soil, human origin (gut and skin) and plant roots. ''Neobacillus'' can grow in temperatures up to 50-55°C, but optimal growth occurs in the range of 25-37°C.
11 [[conserved signature indels]] (CSIs) have been identified through genomic analysis as exclusive for ''Neobacillus'' in proteins such as 50S ribosomal protein L24, flagellar M-ring protein FliF, 50S ribosomal protein L11 methyltransferase, imidazole glycerol phosphate synthase subunit HisH, ATP phosphoribosyltransferase regulatory subunit, LTA synthase family protein, [[type I DNA topoisomerase]], [[nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase]], bifunctional hydroxymethylpyrimidine kinase/phospho- methylpyrimidine kinase, single-stranded-DNA-specific exonuclease RecJ and [[1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase|1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase]].<ref name=":03" /> These CSIs provide reliable methods to differentiate ''Neobacillus'' from other ''Bacillaceae'' genera and bacteria in molecular terms.
== Taxonomy ==
As of May 2021, there are a total of 17 species with validly published names in the genus ''Neobacillus''.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Genus: Neobacillus|url=https://lpsn.dsmz.de/genus/neobacillus|access-date=2021-05-20|website=lpsn.dsmz.de|language=en}}</ref> Members of this genus group together and forms a [[Monophyly|monophyletic]] branch in phylogenetic trees created from concatenated sequences from various datasets of conserved proteins as well as [[16S rRNA]] gene sequences.<ref name=":03" />
Additional phylogenetic studies have identified a number of non-validly published species ("''Bacillus ferrooxidans", "Bacillus rubiinfantis",'' ''"Bacillus marasmi"'' and "''Bacillus salipaludis''") that are considered to be members of this genus based on taxonomic placement in phylogenetic trees as well as shared molecular markers (specifically [[conserved signature indels]]) with other members of ''Neobacillus''.<ref name=":12" /><ref name=":13">{{cite journal |last1=Kämpfer |first1=Peter |last2=Glaeser |first2=Stefanie P. |last3=McInroy |first3=John A. |last4=Clermont |first4=Dominique |last5=Lipski |first5=André |last6=Criscuolo |first6=Alexis |title=''Neobacillus rhizosphaerae'' sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere, and reclassification of ''Bacillus dielmonensis'' as ''Neobacillus dielmonensis'' comb. nov. |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |date=2022 |volume=72 |page=005636 |doi=10.1099/ijsem.0.005636 |pmid=36327328}}</ref> However, transfer was not proposed due to the lack of strain culture information. As additional culture information and genome sequences become available in the future, it would be necessary to revisit the taxonomic classifications proposed for this genus to update and validate the results, as done in 2022 for ''Bacillus dielmonensis''.<ref name=":13" />
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q107182597}}
[[Category:Taxa described in 2020]]
[[Category:Bacteria genera]]
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