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Line 1: {{Short description\|Family of viruses}} ~~{{Taxobox~~ {{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2017}} ~~\| virus_group = iv~~ {{Virusbox ~~\| ordo = ''[[Tymovirales]]''~~ \| ~~familia~~taxon = ~~'''''~~Tymoviridae~~'''''~~ \| subdivision_ranks = Genera \| subdivision = {{unbulleted list \| ''[[Maculavirus]]'' \| ''[[Marafivirus]]'' \| ''[[Tymovirus]]''}} }} [[File:Turnip yellow mosaic virus 2.jpg\|thumb\|''Turnip yellow mosaic virus'' on cabbage]] '''''Tymoviridae''''' is a family of single-stranded positive sense [[RNA]] [[viruses]] in the order ''[[Tymovirales]]''. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are ~~currently 37~~42 species in this family, ~~divided~~assigned ~~among~~to 3three genera, with two species unassigned to a genus.<ref name= ViralZone>{{cite web\|title=Viral Zone\| url= http://viralzone.expasy.org/all_by_species/54.html\|publisher=ExPASy\|~~accessdate~~access-date=15 June 2015}}</ref><ref name=ICTV>{{cite web~~\|last1=ICTV~~ \|title=Virus Taxonomy: ~~2014~~2020 Release \|url=~~http~~https://~~ictvonline~~ictv.~~org~~global/~~virusTaxonomy.asp~~taxonomy \|~~accessdate~~publisher=International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) \|date=March 2021 \|access-date=15 ~~June~~May ~~2015~~2021}}</ref> ==Taxonomy== The family includes the following three genera:<ref name=ICTV /> ~~The largest of three [[Genus\|genera]] is ''Tymovirus'' with 27 [[species]], whereas the other genera, ''Marafivirus'' and ''Maculavirus'' have 7 and 1 species respectively.<ref name=ICTV />~~ * ''[[Maculavirus]]'' * ''[[Marafivirus]]'' * ''[[Tymovirus]]'' Additionally, the following two species are not assigned to a genus:<ref name=ICTV /> ~~<big>'''Group: ssRNA(+)'''</big>~~ ~~<small>~~ ''[[Bombyx mori latent virus]]~~</small>~~''▼ ~~{{Collapsible list\|title= <big>Order: [[Tymovirales]]</big>~~ ~~<small>~~ ''[[Poinsettia mosaic virus]]~~</small>~~''▼ ~~\|1={{Collapsible list\| framestyle=border:none; padding:1.0em;\|title=Family: Tymoviridae~~ ~~\|1={{hidden begin\|title=<small>Genus: Unassigned</small>}}~~ ▲<small>[[Bombyx mori latent virus]]</small> ▲<small>[[Poinsettia mosaic virus]]</small> ~~{{hidden end}}~~ ~~\|2={{hidden begin\|title=<small>Genus: [[Maculavirus]]</small>}}~~ <small>'''''[[Grapevine fleck virus]]'''''</small> ~~{{hidden end}}~~ ~~\|3={{hidden begin\|title=<small>Genus: [[Marafivirus]]</small>}}~~ <small>[[Bermuda grass etched-line virus]]</small> <small>[[Blackberry virus S]]</small> <small>[[Citrus sudden death-associated virus]]</small> <small>[[Grapevine Syrah virus 1]]</small> <small>'''''[[Maize rayado fino virus]]'''''</small> <small>[[Oat blue dwarf virus]]</small> <small>[[Olive latent virus 3]]</small> ~~{{hidden end}}~~ ~~\|4={{hidden begin\|title=<small>Genus: [[Tymovirus]]</small>}}~~ <small>[[Anagyris vein yellowing virus]]</small> <small>[[Andean potato latent virus]]</small> <small>[[Andean potato mild mosaic virus]]</small> <small>[[Belladonna mottle virus]]</small> <small>[[Cacao yellow mosaic virus]]</small> <small>[[Calopogonium yellow vein virus]]</small> <small>[[Chayote mosaic virus]]</small> <small>[[Chiltepin yellow mosaic virus]]</small> <small>[[Clitoria yellow vein virus]]</small> <small>[[Desmodium yellow mottle virus]]</small> <small>[[Dulcamara mottle virus]]</small> <small>[[Eggplant mosaic virus]]</small> <small>[[Erysimum latent virus]]</small> <small>[[Kennedya yellow mosaic virus]]</small> <small>[[Melon rugose mosaic virus]]</small> <small>[[Nemesia ring necrosis virus]]</small> <small>[[Okra mosaic virus]]</small> <small>[[Ononis yellow mosaic virus]]</small> <small>[[Passion fruit yellow mosaic virus]]</small> <small>[[Peanut yellow mosaic virus]]</small> <small>[[Petunia vein banding virus]]</small> <small>[[Physalis mottle virus]]</small> <small>[[Plantago mottle virus]]</small> <small>[[Scrophularia mottle virus]]</small> <small>'''''[[Turnip yellow mosaic virus]]'''''</small> <small>[[Voandzeia necrotic mosaic virus]]</small> <small>[[Wild cucumber mosaic virus]]</small> ~~{{hidden end}}~~ }} ~~}}<ref name=ICTV />~~ ===Proposed ~~Viruses~~viruses=== [[Culex tymovirus]]<ref name=Wang2012>Wang L, Lv X, Zhai Y, Fu S, Wang D, Rayner S, Tang Q, Liang G (2012) Genomic characterization of a novel virus of the family tymoviridae isolated from mosquitoes. PLoS One 7(7):e39845.</ref> * [[Fig fleck-associated virus]] Line 70 ⟶ 26: The virions are non-enveloped and [[isometry\|isometric]] with a diameter of around 30 nm, with an [[icosahedral]] structure and a [[Capsid#Triangulation number\|triangulation number]] T=3.<ref name=ViralZone /> The linear [[genome]] is between of ~~6-7~~6–7.5 kilobases in length<ref name=ViralZone /> and encodes one large [[open reading frame]]. It is capped at the 5’ terminus. The 3’ terminus may have a [[tRNA]]-like structure or a polyA tract, depending upon the species. The genome is relatively [[cytosine]] rich.{{cn\|date=November 2022}} {\| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" \|- ! Genus !! Structure \|\| Symmetry !! Capsid !! Genomic ~~Arrangement~~arrangement !! Genomic ~~Segmentation~~segmentation \|- \|''Maculavirus''\|\|Icosahedral\|\|T=3\|\|Non-~~Enveloped~~enveloped\|\|Linear\|\|Monopartite \|- \|''Marafivirus''\|\|Icosahedral\|\|T=3\|\|Non-~~Enveloped~~enveloped\|\|Linear\|\|Monopartite \|- \|''Tymovirus''\|\|Icosahedral\|\|T=3\|\|Non-~~Enveloped~~enveloped\|\|Linear\|\|Monopartite \|} ==Life ~~Cycle~~cycle== Viral replication is cytoplasmic, and is lysogenic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded ~~rna~~RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning. The virus exits the host cell by monopartite non-tubule guided viral movement. Plants serve as the natural host. The virus is transmitted via a vector (insects). Transmission routes are vector and mechanical.<ref name=ViralZone /> ~~Plants serve as the natural host. The virus is transmitted via a vector (insects). Transmission routes are vector and mechanical.<ref name=ViralZone />~~ {\| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" \|- ! Genus !! Host ~~Details~~details !! Tissue ~~Tropism~~tropism !! Entry ~~Details~~details !! Release ~~Details~~details !! Replication ~~Site~~site !! Assembly ~~Site~~site !! Transmission \|- \|''Maculavirus''\|\|Plants\|\|None\|\|Viral movement; mechanical ~~innoculation~~inoculation\|\|Viral movement\|\|Cytoplasm\|\|Cytoplasm\|\|Mechanical inoculation: pseudococcid mealybugs; Mechanical inoculation: aphids \|- \|''Marafivirus''\|\|Plants\|\|None\|\|Viral movement; mechanical ~~innoculation~~inoculation\|\|Viral movement\|\|Cytoplasm\|\|Cytoplasm\|\|Mechanical inoculation: pseudococcid mealybugs; Mechanical inoculation: aphids \|- \|''Tymovirus''\|\|Plants\|\|None\|\|Viral movement; mechanical ~~innoculation~~inoculation\|\|Viral movement\|\|Cytoplasm\|\|Cytoplasm\|\|Mechanical: beetles; sap \|} Line 102 ⟶ 57: ==Further reading== * Martelli GP. Sabanadzovic S. Abou-Ghanem Sabanadzovic N. Edwards MC. Dreher T. (2002). The family ''Tymoviridae''. ''Archives of Virology''. 147(9):1837-46 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060405045622/http://www-micro.msb.le.ac.uk/3035/Virusgroups.html University of Leicester Microbiology] ==External links== * [http://www.expasy.org/viralzone/all_by_species/54.html Viralzone: Tymoviridae] * [http://ictvonline.org/virusTaxonomy.asp '''ICTV'''] * [~~http~~https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/675063 UniProt Taxonomy] {{Baltimore classification}} {{Taxonbar\|from=Q6729}} [[Category:Tymoviridae]]▼ ▲[[Category:Tymoviridae\| ]] [[Category:Virus families]]