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{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Use British English|date=November 2018}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Clough, Smith & Co. Ltd. = Interserve Rail
|logo =
| image =
|caption =
| image_caption =
|type fate =
|genre =
| successor = ▼
|fate =
| foundation = 1910▼
|predecessor =
| defunct = ▼
▲| successor =
| location = [[Yorkshire]], UK
▲| foundation = 1910
| industry = Automotive industry<br>Electrical engineering▼
|founder key_people = Norman Clough,<br />Sidney G. Smith
▲| defunct =
| products = [[Trolleybuses]]<br>Electrical equipment
|location_city =
| brands = [[Straker-Squire#bus manufacture|Straker]]-Clough<br>[[Karrier#Trolleybuses|Karrier]]-Clough▼
|location_country = England
| num_employees = ▼
|locations =
| parent =
|area_served =
| subsid = <!--former subsidiaries, if any-->
|key_people =
▲| industry = [[Automotive industry|Automotive]]<br />[[Electrical engineering]]<br />[[Facilities management]]
|products = [[Trolleybus]]es<br />Rail electrical systems
▲| brands = [[Straker-Squire#bus manufacture|Straker]]-Clough<br />[[Karrier#Trolleybuses|Karrier]]-Clough
|services = Rail management
|revenue =
|operating_income =
|net_income =
|aum =
|assets =
|equity =
|owner =
▲| num_employees =
|parent = [[Interserve]]
|divisions =
|subsid =
}}
 
'''Clough, Smith''', commonly known as '''Clough, Smith & Co. Ltd.''', is a British engineering company founded in 1910 by Norman Clough and Sidney G. Smith, experienced electrical engineers who moved into the manufacture of overhead power supplies for [[tram|electrical tramways]] and [[trolleybuses]].<ref name="Lumb48">{{cite book|last=Lumb|first=Geoff|title=British Trolleybuses: 1911–1972|publisher=[[Ian Allan Publishing]]|date=1995|page=48|isbn=0711023476}}</ref> They designed and manufactured both overhead and rail supplies for many systems in Britain prior to the [[World War I|First World War]].<ref name="Lumb48"/> Post-war, the company used the profits from completion of work on the [[Teesside]] trolley system to purchase trolleybuses which had been in storage during the War. These were immediately sold at a profit and provided a basis for the trolleybus side of the business.<ref name="Lumb48"/>
'''Interserve Rail''' (formerly '''Clough Smith''')<ref>{{cite web|url=https://beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/company/00110192/|title= Interserve Rail Limited|website=companieshouse.gov.uk|access-date=14 November 2018}}</ref> is a British engineering and facilities management company. Founded in 1910, it is a subsidiary of [[Interserve]].
 
==History==
Clough Smith was founded in 1910 by electrical engineers Norman Clough and Sidney Smith, who moved into the manufacture of overhead power supplies for [[Tram|electrical tramways]] and [[trolleybus]]es. It designed and manufactured both overhead and rail supplies for many systems in Britain prior to [[World War I]].<ref name=Lumb>{{cite book|last=Lumb|first=Geoff|title=British Trolleybuses: 1911–1972|publisher=[[Ian Allan Publishing]]|date=1995|pages=48–50, 81|isbn=0711023476}}</ref>
The general manager of the Teesside Railless Traction Board developed a new and improved trolleybus design<ref name="Lumb48"/> and Clough, Smith arranged for it to be manufactured. It was marketed as the ''Straker-Clough trolley omnibus''. This chassis and design came to be regarded as both pioneering and improving the industry standard.<ref name="L49"/> The chassis was manufactured by [[Straker-Squire#Bus manufacturing|Straker-Squire]], the electrical equipment by BTH of [[Bath, Somerset]], and Clough arranged production of the bodies. The whole would be sold to system operators as part of a package deal which included the design, supply and installation of the overhead electrical equipment.<ref name="Lumb48"/> Between October 1921 and September 1926, Clough, Smith sold 63 solid-tyred trolley omnibuses. Most went to various [[Municipal corporation|corporations]] in [[Yorkshire]], UK, but some were exported to [[Bloemfontein]], South Africa and [[Georgetown, Guyana]]<ref name="Lumb48"/>▼
 
Post-war, the company used the profits from completion of work on the [[Trolleybuses in Teesside|Teesside trolley system]] to purchase trolleybuses which had been in storage during the war. These were immediately sold at a profit and provided a basis for the trolleybus side of the business.<ref name=Lumb/>
 
▲The general manager of the Teesside Railless Traction Board developed a new and improved trolleybus design<ref name="Lumb48"/> and Clough, Smith arranged for it to be manufactured. It was marketed as the ''Straker-Clough trolley omnibus''. This chassis and design came to be regarded as both pioneering and improving the industry standard.<ref name="L49"Lumb/><ref>[http://archive.commercialmotor.com/article/11th-october-1921/9/the-first-well-designed-trolley-bus The First Well Designed Trolleybus] ''[[Commercial Motor]]'' 11 October 1921</ref> The chassis was manufactured by [[Straker-Squire#Bus manufacturing|Straker-Squire]], the electrical equipment by BTH[[British Thomson-Houston]] of [[BathRugby, SomersetWarwickshire|Rugby]], andwith Clough arrangedarranging the production of the bodies. The wholecompleted wouldproduct bewas sold to system operators as part of a package deal which included the design, supply and installation of the overhead electrical equipment.<ref name="Lumb48"Lumb/><ref>{{cite Betweenbook|title=Companion Octoberto 1921Road andPassenger SeptemberTransport 1926, Clough, Smith sold 63 solid-tyred trolley omnibuses. Most went to various [[Municipal corporationHistory|corporations]]publisher=Roads in& [[Yorkshire]],Road UK,Transport butHistory some were exported to [[Bloemfontein]], South Africa and [[Georgetown, Guyana]]Association|date=2013|page=136|isbn=978-0-9552876-3-3}}</ref name="Lumb48"/>
 
Between October 1921 and September 1926, Clough Smith sold 63 solid-tyred trolley omnibuses. Most went to various [[Municipal corporation|corporations]] in [[Yorkshire]], but some were exported to [[Bloemfontein]], South Africa and [[Trolleybuses in George Town, Penang|George Town, Penang]].<ref name=Lumb/>
 
In 1925, Straker-Squire wentwas intoplaced in voluntary liquidation and subsequently into receivership. By this time, [[Karrier]] had produced the UK's first three-axle passenger vehicle aided by developments in pneumatic tyres<ref>{{cite book|last=Lumb|first=Geoff|title=British Trolleybuses: 1911–1972|publisher=[[Ian Allan Publishing]]|date=1995|page=81|isbn=0711023476}}</ref> and Clough- Smith themselves had moved to pneumatic-tyred production in November 1926 with a new ''LL'' (for low-loading) model. The company subsequently entered into an arrangement with Karrier to produce the ''Karrier-Clough trolley omnibus'' which Clough would market.<ref name="Lumb48"/> Karrier allocated the No. E6, to this model. The contract with Karrier ended in 1933, but Clough, Smith continued as a manufacturer and supplier of associated electrical equipment and was still active in the field in 1968–9, when the company removed redundant equipment at [[Reading, Berkshire]].<ref name="L49">{{cite book|last=Lumb|first=Geoff|title=British Trolleybuses: 1911–1972|publisher=[[Ian Allan Publishing]]|date=1995|page=49|isbn=0711023476}}</ref>▼
 
Karrier allocated the number E6, to this model. The contract with Karrier ended in 1933, but Clough Smith continued as a manufacturer and supplier of associated electrical equipment and was still active in the field in 1968/69, when the company removed redundant equipment from the [[Trolleybuses in Reading|Reading system]].<ref name=Lumb/>
 
The company subsequently diversified into cable and electrcalelectrical supply, of all types, both in the UK and abroad, as well as railway signalling systems and the installation of one of the earliest [[Optical fiber|fibre-optic]] systems for [[Mercury Communications]] which was laid alongside [[Network Rail|British Rail]] tracks.<ref name="L49"Lumb/> Clough Smith continued to trade into the 21st century as Clough, Smith Rail Ltd., based in [[York]], UK,It specialisingspecialises in electrical and associated equipment for rail systems.<ref>{{cite [https://web|title=Clough Smith Rail Ltd|url=http.archive.org/web/20181113164234/https://www.bloombergconstructionnews.com/profilesco.uk/companieshome/3956996Z:LN-clough-smithgets-rail-ltd|website=bloombergsignal/923993.com|date=2015|accessdate=17article Clough gets signal] ''[[Construction News]]'' 28 NovemberOctober 2015}}1999</ref>▼
▲In 1925, Straker-Squire went into voluntary liquidation and subsequently into receivership. By this time [[Karrier]] had produced the UK's first three-axle passenger vehicle aided by developments in pneumatic tyres<ref>{{cite book|last=Lumb|first=Geoff|title=British Trolleybuses: 1911–1972|publisher=[[Ian Allan Publishing]]|date=1995|page=81|isbn=0711023476}}</ref> and Clough-Smith themselves had moved to pneumatic-tyred production in November 1926 with a new ''LL'' (for low-loading) model. The company subsequently entered into an arrangement with Karrier to produce the ''Karrier-Clough trolley omnibus'' which Clough would market.<ref name="Lumb48"/> Karrier allocated the No. E6, to this model. The contract with Karrier ended in 1933, but Clough, Smith continued as a manufacturer and supplier of associated electrical equipment and was still active in the field in 1968–9, when the company removed redundant equipment at [[Reading, Berkshire]].<ref name="L49">{{cite book|last=Lumb|first=Geoff|title=British Trolleybuses: 1911–1972|publisher=[[Ian Allan Publishing]]|date=1995|page=49|isbn=0711023476}}</ref>
 
In April 1990, Clough Smith was purchased by [[Interserve|Tilbury]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/home/27apr90-uk-tilbury-acquires-heavy-electrical/civil-engineering-contractor-clough-smith/1692500.article|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181113170235/https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/home/27apr90-uk-tilbury-acquires-heavy-electrical/civil-engineering-contractor-clough-smith/1692500.article|title= Tilbury acquires heavy electrical/civil engineering contractor Clough Smith|website=constructionnews.co.uk|date= 28 April 1990|archive-date=13 November 2018|access-date= 14 November 2018|author=CNPlus}}</ref> In October 2001, it was rebranded Interserve Rail.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/industry-news-in-brief-25.html|website=railwaygazette.com|date=1 November 2001|title=Industry News in Brief|access-date=14 November 2018}}</ref> It has diversified into [[facilities management]], being awarded a five-year contract to manage 11 [[Network Rail]] stations in 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/interserve-wins-network-rail-station-facilities-management-contract.html|title= Interserve wins Network Rail station facilities management contract|website=railwaygazette.com|date=9 February 2017|access-date=14 November 2018}}</ref>
▲The company subsequently diversified into cable and electrcal supply, of all types, both in the UK and abroad, as well as railway signalling systems and the installation of one of the earliest [[Optical fiber|fibre-optic]] systems for [[Mercury Communications]] which was laid alongside [[Network Rail|British Rail]] tracks.<ref name="L49"/> Clough Smith continued to trade into the 21st century as Clough, Smith Rail Ltd., based in [[York]], UK, specialising in electrical and associated equipment for rail systems.<ref>{{cite web|title=Clough Smith Rail Ltd|url=http://www.bloomberg.com/profiles/companies/3956996Z:LN-clough-smith-rail-ltd|website=bloomberg.com|date=2015|accessdate=17 November 2015}}</ref>
 
===Trolleybus chassis===
*Straker-Clough solid tyred model., Chassischassis Nos. 1–63: Production 1921–6.1921–1926<ref name=Lumb/>▼
<small>Source</small><ref>{{cite book|last=Lumb|first=Geoff|title=British Trolleybuses: 1911–1972|publisher=[[Ian Allan Publishing]]|date=1995|page=50|isbn=0711023476}}</ref>
*Straker-Clough pneumatic-tyred (LL model)., Chassischassis Nos. 64–93: Production 1926–71926/1927<ref name=Lumb/>▼
*Karrier-Clough pneumatic-tyred model., Chassischassis Nos. 54001–44: Production 1927–1932<ref name=Lumb/>▼
 
Of the chassis produced, 66 had bodies produced by [[Charles H Roe]], and the rest used a variety of bodies manufactured by [[Park Royal Vehicles|Park Royal]], [[Brush Traction|Brush]] and Dodson.<ref name=Lumb/>
▲*Straker-Clough solid tyred model. Chassis Nos. 1–63: Production 1921–6.
▲*Straker-Clough pneumatic-tyred (LL model). Chassis Nos. 64–93: Production 1926–7
▲*Karrier-Clough pneumatic-tyred model. Chassis Nos. 54001–44: Production 1927–1932
 
==References==
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{{Automotive industry in the United Kingdom}}
 
[[Category:Construction and civil engineering companies of England]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Clough, Smith}}
[[Category:BusTrolleybus manufacturers]]
[[Category:Companies based in Yorkshire]]▼
[[Category:1910 establishments in England]]
[[Category:Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1910]]
▲[[Category:Companies based in YorkshireBirmingham, West Midlands]]
[[Category:Bus manufacturers of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Electric vehicle manufacturers of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:British companies established in 1910]]
[[Category:Construction and civil engineering companies established in 1910]]
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