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A '''suffragan bishop''' is a type of [[bishop]] in some [[Christian denominations]].
A '''suffragan bishop''' is a [[bishop]] subordinate to a [[metropolitan bishop]] or [[diocesan bishop]] (bishop ordinary) and, consequently, are not normally jurisdictional in their role. Suffragan bishops may be charged by a metropolitan to oversee a [[suffragan diocese]]. They may be assigned to an area which does not have a [[cathedral]] of its own.▼
In the [[Catholic Church]], a suffragan [[Bishops in the Catholic Church|bishop]] leads a [[diocese]] within an [[ecclesiastical province]] other than the principal diocese, the [[Metropolitan bishop#Roman Catholic|metropolitan archdiocese]]; the diocese led by the suffragan is called a [[suffragan diocese]].
▲
{{Catholic Church Hierarchy}}▼
In the [[
Bishops who assist diocesan bishops are usually called [[auxiliary bishop]]s. If the assisting bishop has special faculties (typically the right to succeed the diocesan bishop) he would be called a [[coadjutor bishop]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Canon 403-10|url=https://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__P1F.HTM | publisher= Libreria Editrice Vaticana | work= [[Canon law (Catholic Church)|Code of Canon Law]] |
==Anglican Communion==
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====History====
English diocesan bishops were commonly assisted by bishops who had been consecrated to sees which were ''[[in partibus infidelium]]'' (titular sees that had in most cases been conquered by Muslims) before the [[English Reformation]]. The separation of the English Church from Rome meant that this was no longer possible. The [[Suffragan Bishops Act 1534]] allowed for the creation of new sees to allow these assistant bishops, who were named as suffragan. Before then, the term ''suffragan'' referred to diocesan bishops in relation to their metropolitan.<ref>{{cite web|title=3: Suffragan Bishops|url=http://www.churchofengland.org/media/40669/chapter3.pdf|publisher=Church of England|
The concept of a suffragan bishop in the [[Church of England]] was legalised by the Suffragan Bishops Act 1534. The first bishops consecrated under that Act were [[Thomas Manning (bishop)|Thomas Manning]], [[Bishop of Ipswich]] and [[John Salisbury (bishop)|John Salisbury]], [[Bishop of Thetford]] on 19 March 1536.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Fryde, E. B. |author2=Greenway, D. E. |author3=Porter, S. |author4=Roy, I. |title=Handbook of British Chronology |edition=Third Edition, revised |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge |year=1986 |isbn=0-521-56350-X |page=288}}</ref> The last Tudor suffragan bishop in post was [[John Sterne (bishop of Colchester)|John Sterne]], [[Bishop of Colchester]], who died in post in 1607/8. No more suffragans were appointed for more than 250 years, until the consecration of [[Henry Mackenzie (bishop)|Henry Mackenzie]] as [[Anglican Bishop of Nottingham|Bishop of Nottingham]] on 2 February 1870.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20091117171607/http://www.ucl.ac.uk/~ucgbmxd/success2.htm Consecration details (version archived 17 November 2009)] (Accessed 25 June 2016)</ref> At that point, the sees of suffragans were still limited to the 26 towns named in the 1534 Act; the [[Suffragans Nomination Act 1888]] allowed the creation of new suffragan sees besides the 26 so named. The appointment of bishops suffragan became much more common thereafter.
====Today====
=====<span id="Area bishop"></span>Area bishops=====
Some Church of England
* [[Diocese of London|London]] (since 1979): Two Cities (overseen by the diocesan), Edmonton, Kensington, Stepney, Willesden.
* [[Diocese of Chelmsford|Chelmsford]] (since 1983): Barking, Bradwell, Colchester.
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* [[Diocese of Lichfield|Lichfield]] (since 1992): Shrewsbury, Stafford, Wolverhampton.
* [[Anglican Diocese of Leeds|Leeds]] (since 2014): Bradford, Huddersfield, Leeds (overseen by the Bishop of Kirkstall), Ripon, Wakefield.
*[[Anglican Diocese of Toronto|Toronto]]: York-Scarborough, York-Credit Valley, Trent-Durham, York-Simcoe.▼
Area schemes have previously existed in [[Anglican Diocese of Worcester|Worcester diocese]] (1993–2002; Worcester (overseen by the diocesan), Dudley),<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140424024249/http://www.churchofengland.org/media/1279366/gs1445.pdf GS 1445: Report of the Dioceses Commission, Diocese of Worcester] (Accessed 23 April 2014)</ref> [[Diocese of Salisbury|Salisbury diocese]] (1981–2009; Ramsbury, Sherborne),<ref>[http://www.salisbury.anglican.org/resources-library/whos-who/synods/Synod%202009.11%20Minutes.pdf Salisbury Diocesan Synod minutes – 99th session, 7 November 2009] p. 3 (Accessed 23 April 2014)</ref> [[Diocese of Lincoln|Lincoln diocese]] (2010<ref>[http://www.lincoln.anglican.org/pdf_view.php?id=1156 Diocese of Lincoln Central Services Review – Report to the Bishop of Lincoln] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140828112439/http://www.lincoln.anglican.org/pdf_view.php?id=1156 |date=2014-08-28 }} (Accessed 23 April 2014)</ref>
=====Suffragan bishops=====
Only the small Dioceses [[Anglican Diocese of Portsmouth|of Portsmouth]] and [[Diocese of Sodor and Man|of Sodor and Man]] do not have a suffragan bishop. Until 2016/2017, the Dioceses [[Diocese of Newcastle (England)|of Newcastle]] and [[Diocese of Leicester|of Leicester]] each had a stipendiary [[assistant bishop]] instead of suffragans,<ref>{{cite web|title=2: Bishops and Diocese in the Church of England|url=http://www.england.anglican.org/media/1122180/chapter2.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413143621/http://www.england.anglican.org/media/1122180/chapter2.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 April 2014|publisher=Church of England|access-date=28 January 2012}}</ref> but these have since been replaced with suffragan bishops. The Diocese of Truro has had at some periods an assistant bishop; these have included [[John Wellington]] (formerly Bishop of [[Shantung]]) and [[William Quinlan Lash|Bill Lash]], both retired from sees abroad.<ref>Brown, H. Miles (1976). ''A Century for Cornwall''. Truro: Blackford</ref>
=====Provincial episcopal visitors=====
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{{anchor|acting bishop}}
===
Some Anglican Church of Canada suffragan bishops are legally delegated responsibility by the diocesan bishop for a specific geographical ''area'' within the diocese.
It is common for Anglican suffragan or assistant bishops to act up during a vacancy in the diocesan See (i.e. between the death or retirement of the bishop diocesan and their successor taking post). In order to achieve this, the [[metropolitan bishop]] commissions a suffragan/assistant (usually the full-time bishop senior by consecration) who becomes the ''episcopal commissary'', but may be referred to by any number of phrases (since the commission is held from the metropolitan archbishop, she may be called ''archbishop's commissary''; the most usual current term in the Church of England being Acting Bishop of Somewhere). In the Anglican Church of Australia, someone (not always a bishop) acting as diocesan bishop is the Administrator of the Diocese and a bishop so commissioned is called the Bishop Administrator.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131012015206/http://www.newcastleanglican.org.au/page16008/Bishop-Administrator.aspx Diocese of Newcastle — Peter Stuart] (Archived 12 October 2013; accessed 15 November 2016)</ref>▼
▲*[[Anglican Diocese of Toronto|Toronto]]: York-Scarborough, York-Credit Valley, Trent-Durham, York-Simcoe.
In 2013, between the retirement of [[Nigel McCulloch]] and the confirmation of [[David Walker (Bishop of Manchester)|David Walker]] as [[Bishop of Manchester]], both of that diocese's suffragan bishops ([[Chris Edmondson]], [[Bishop of Bolton]], and [[Mark Davies (Bishop of Middleton)|Mark Davies]], [[Bishop of Middleton]], who were consecrated on the same day, therefore neither had seniority) acted up co-equally.<ref>[http://www.manchester.anglican.org/bishop/news/1278/bishop-of-manchester-has-retired Diocese of Manchester – Bishop of Manchester has retired] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117024155/http://www.manchester.anglican.org/bishop/news/1278/bishop-of-manchester-has-retired |date=2015-11-17 }} (Accessed 15 November 2016)</ref> In 2014–2015, during the vacancy between the episcopates of [[Paul Butler (bishop)|Paul Butler]] and [[Paul Williams (bishop)|Paul Williams]], the diocese's sole suffragan bishop, [[Tony Porter]], [[Bishop of Sherwood]], became Acting [[Bishop of Southwell and Nottingham]]; however, when he resigned the commission due to ill health, [[Richard Inwood]] (retired former [[Bishop of Bedford]] and an [[honorary assistant bishop]] of the diocese) was commissioned Acting Bishop for a fixed one-year term.<ref>[http://southwell.anglican.org/bishop-richard-inwood-takes-temporary-charge-southwell-nottingham/ Diocese of Southwell & Nottingham – Richard Inwood takes temporary charge] (Accessed 15 November 2016)</ref>▼
===Malaysia (Diocese of West Malaysia)===
▲==Roman Catholic Church==
The [[Diocese of West Malaysia]] is divided into two "area dioceses", each with their own suffragan bishop.
▲{{main |Metropolitan bishop|Bishop (Catholic Church)}}
▲{{Catholic Church Hierarchy}}
===Acting bishops===
▲In the [[Roman Catholic Church]], a suffragan is a bishop who heads a [[diocese]]. His [[suffragan diocese]], however, is part of a larger [[ecclesiastical province]], nominally led by a [[Metropolitan bishop|metropolitan archbishop]]. The distinction between metropolitans and suffragans is of limited practical importance. Both are diocesan bishops possessing ordinary jurisdiction over their individual [[Episcopal see|sees]]. The metropolitan has few responsibilities over the suffragans in his province and no direct authority over the faithful outside of his own diocese.<ref name="metropolitan">{{cite encyclopedia| title=Metropolitan | encyclopedia=The Catholic Encyclopedia| pages=244–45 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RmoQAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA244#v=onepage&q=&f=false|accessdate=2009-12-06|volume=Volume 10|year=1911|publisher=The Encyclopedia Press}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Canon 435-36|url=https://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__P1J.HTM | publisher= Libreria Editrice Vaticana | work= [[Canon law (Catholic Church)|Code of Canon Law]] | accessdate=2009-12-06}}</ref>
▲It is common for Anglican suffragan or assistant bishops to
▲In 2013, between the retirement of [[Nigel McCulloch]] and the confirmation of [[David Walker (Bishop of Manchester)|David Walker]] as [[Bishop of Manchester]], both of that diocese's suffragan bishops ([[Chris Edmondson]], [[Bishop of Bolton]], and [[Mark Davies (Bishop of Middleton)|Mark Davies]], [[Bishop of Middleton]], who were consecrated on the same day, therefore neither had seniority)
▲Bishops who assist diocesan bishops are usually called [[auxiliary bishop]]s. If the assisting bishop has special faculties (typically the right to succeed the diocesan bishop) he would be called a [[coadjutor bishop]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Canon 403-10|url=https://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG1104/__P1F.HTM | publisher= Libreria Editrice Vaticana | work= [[Canon law (Catholic Church)|Code of Canon Law]] | accessdate=2009-12-06}}</ref> Since they are not in charge of a suffragan diocese, they are not referred to as "suffragan bishops".
==See also==
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==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Suffragan Bishop}}
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