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{{Short description|One who disagrees in matters of opinion, belief, practices etc}}
{{For|the browser extension and website|Gab (social network)#Dissenter}}
 
A '''dissenter''' (from the Latin ''{{Lang|la|dissentire''}}, "'to disagree"') is one who [[dissent]]s (disagrees) in matters of opinion, belief, etc.<ref name=":0">{{EB1911 |wstitle=Dissenter |volume=8 |page=318|access-date=2019-02-28|inline=1}}</ref> Dissent may include political opposition to decrees, ideas or doctrines and it may include opposition to those things or the fiat of a government, political party or religion.
 
==Usage in Christianity==
===Dissent from the Anglican churchChurch===▼
{{main|English Dissenters}}
 
In the social and religious history of [[great BritainEngland]] and [[Wales]], and, by extension, [[Ireland]], however, it refers particularly to a member of a religious body who has, for one reason or another, separated from the [[established church]] or any other kind of [[Protestant]] who refuses to recognise the supremacy of the established church in areas where the established church is or was [[Anglican]].<ref name=OxDictChristChurch>{{citation | title = The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church | editor1-first = F. L. | editor1-last = Cross | editor2-first = E. A. | editor2-last = Livingstone | publisher = Oxford University Press | place = USA | edition = 3rd | page = 490 | date = March 13, 1997}}.</ref><ref name="IP58">{{cite book |last1= Parker |first1= Irene |title= Dissenting academies in England: their rise and progress, and their place among the educational systems of the country |url= https://archive.org/details/dissentingacadem00parkiala/ |year=2009|publisher= Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-74864-3}}</ref>▼
▲===Dissent from the Anglican church===
▲In the social and religious history of [[great Britain]] and [[Wales]], and, by extension, [[Ireland]], however, it refers particularly to a member of a religious body who has, for one reason or another, separated from the [[established church]] or any other kind of [[Protestant]] who refuses to recognise the supremacy of the established church in areas where the established church is or was [[Anglican]].<ref name=OxDictChristChurch>{{citation | title = The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church | editor1-first = F. L. | editor1-last = Cross | editor2-first = E. A. | editor2-last = Livingstone | publisher = Oxford University Press | place = USA | edition = 3rd | page = 490 | date = March 13, 1997}}.</ref><ref name="IP58">{{cite book |last1= Parker |first1= Irene |title= Dissenting academies in England: their rise and progress, and their place among the educational systems of the country |url= https://archive.org/details/dissentingacadem00parkiala/ |year=2009|publisher= Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-74864-3}}</ref>
 
Originally, the term included English and Welsh [[Roman Catholics]]<ref name=OxDictChristChurch/> whom the original draft of the [[Nonconformist Relief Act 1779]] styled "[[Protesting Catholic Dissenters]]". In practice, however, it designates Protestant Dissenters referred to in sec. ii. of the [[Act of Toleration 1689|Act of Toleration of 1689]] (see [[English Dissenters]]).<ref name=":0" /> The term [[recusant]], in contrast, came to refer to Roman Catholics rather than Protestant dissenters.
 
===Dissent from the Presbyterian churchChurch===
The term has also been applied to those bodies who dissent from the Presbyterian [[Church of Scotland]],<ref name=":0" /> which is the national church of Scotland.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.covenanter.org/RefPres/shortaccount.htm |title=ArchivedA copySHORT ACCOUNT OF THE OLD PRESBYTERIAN DISSENTERS |access-date=2015-09-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150813021129/http://covenanter.org/RefPres/shortaccount.htm |archive-date=2015-08-13 }}</ref> In this connotation, the terms "''dissenter"'' and "''dissenting"'', which had acquired a somewhat contemptuous flavor, have tended since the middle of the 18th century to be replaced by "[[Nonconformist (Protestantism)|''nonconformist'']]", a term which did not originally imply secession, but only refusal to conform in certain particulars (for example the wearing of the [[surplice]]), with the authorized usages of the Establishedestablished Churchchurch.<ref name=OxDictChristChurch/><ref name=":0" />
 
==Dissent from state religion==
Still more recently, the term "''nonconformist"'' has in its turn, as the political attack on the principle of a state establishment of religion developed, tended to give way to the style of "[[free church|''free churches'']]es" and "Free''free Churchman"churchman''. All three terms continue in use, "''nonconformist"'' being the most usual, as it is the most colourless.<ref name=":0" />
 
==See also==
{{wiktionary|dissent|dissenter}}▼
* [[Christian anarchism]]
* [[Conventicle]]
* [[Dissident]]
* [[Freedom of religion]]
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* [[Protestant dissenting deputies]]
* [[Religion in the United Kingdom]]
 
'''Compare:'''
* [[Spiritual Christianity]] (dissenters from the [[Russian Orthodox Church]])
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==References==
{{Reflist}}
 
== External links ==
* {{Wiktionary inline|dissent}}
▲* {{wiktionary|dissentWiktionary inline|dissenter}}
 
{{Authority control}}
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