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Marcoule Nuclear Site: Difference between revisions

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intro: facility replaces plant, since no reactors are currently active there, adjust category accordingly
 
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{{Short description|Nuclear facility in France}}
{{Infobox power station
| name = Marcoule Nuclear Power Plant
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| image_caption =
| image_alt =
| location_map = France
| location_map_size =
| location_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|44|8|36|N|4|42|34|E|region:FR_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| country = [[France]]
| location = [[Chusclan]] and [[Codolet]] [[Commune of France|commune]]s
| status = D
| construction_began = 1952
| commissioned = January{{start 7,date and age|1956|01|07|df=y|br=y}}
| decommissioned = June{{end 20,date and age|1984|06|20|df=y|br=y}}
| cost =
| owner =
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| ps_units_uc =
| ps_units_planned =
| ps_units_decommissioned = 1 x 2 &nbsp;[[Megawatt|MW]]<br>2 x 38 &nbsp;MW
| np_reactor_type =
| np_reactor_supplier = [[SACM]]
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'''Marcoule Nuclear Site''' ({{lang-fr|Site nucléaire de Marcoule}}) is a nuclear facility in the [[Chusclan]] and [[Codolet]] [[Commune of France|commune]]s, near [[Bagnols-sur-Cèze]] in the [[Gard]] [[French Department|department]] of [[France]], which is in the tourist, wine and agricultural [[Côtes-du-Rhône]] region. The plant is around 25 km north west of [[Avignon]], on the banks of the [[Rhone]].
 
Operational since 1956, Marcoule is a gigantic site run by the atomic energy organization [[Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique]] (CEA) and [[Areva NC]] and is known as CEA VALRHO Marcoule. The first industrial and military [[plutonium]] experiments took place in Marcoule. Diversification of the site was started in the 1970s with the creation of the [[Phénix]] prototype [[fast breeder]] reactor, which was operational until 2009, and is nowadays an important site for [[decommissioning nuclear facilities]] activities. The Phénix reactor is likely to be succeeded by the [[sodium-cooled fast reactor]] [[ASTRID (reactor)|ASTRID]] (Advanced Sodium Technical Reactor for Industrial Demonstration) in the 2015-2020 time frame.
 
{{Asof|2016}} the Phénix reactor was planned to be succeeded by the [[sodium-cooled fast reactor]] [[ASTRID (reactor)|ASTRID]] (Advanced Sodium Technical Reactor for Industrial Demonstration), foreseen to become operational in the 2030s.<ref name=asahi-20160922>{{cite news |url=http://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/AJ201609220057.html |title=Ministries spar as Japan focuses on fast reactor project in France |newspaper= [[Asahi Shimbun]] |date=22 September 2016 |accessdate=3 December 2016}}</ref> However, in 2019 the ASTRID project was closed.<ref name=nei-20190902>{{cite news |url=https://www.neimagazine.com/news/newsfrance-cancels-astrid-fast-reactor-project-7394432 |title=France cancels ASTRID fast reactor project |publisher=Nuclear Engineering International |date=2 September 2019 |accessdate=12 September 2019}}</ref>
 
Since 1995, the MELOX factory has been producing [[MOX]] from a mix of uranium and plutonium oxides. MOX is used to recycle plutonium from nuclear fuel; this plutonium comes from the [[COGEMA La Hague site]].
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| Marcoule G1<ref name="G1">Reference: [[:de:Liste der Nuklearanlagen in Frankreich|Liste der Nuklearanlagen in Frankreich]]</ref> || UNGG || style="text-align:right;"| 2 MW || style="text-align:right;"| || style="text-align:right;"| 1955 || style="text-align:right;"|07.01.1956 || style="text-align:right;"| &nbsp; || style="text-align:right;"| 15.10.1968
|-
| Marcoule G2<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iaea.org/cgi-bin/db.page.pl/pris.prdeta.htm?country=FR&site=MARCOULE&units=&refno=1B |title=Nuclear Power Reactor Details - G-2 (MARCOULE) |work=Power Reactor Information System |publisher=International Atomic Energy Agency |accessdate=12 September 2011 }}{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> || UNGG || style="text-align:right;"| 39 MW || style="text-align:right;"| 43 MW|| style="text-align:right;"|01.03.1955 || style="text-align:right;"|22.04.1959 || style="text-align:right;"|22.04.1959 || style="text-align:right;"| 02.02.1980
|-
| Marcoule G3<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iaea.org/cgi-bin/db.page.pl/pris.prdeta.htm?country=FR&site=MARCOULE&units=&refno=1 |title=Nuclear Power Reactor Details - G-3 (MARCOULE) |work=Power Reactor Information System |publisher=International Atomic Energy Agency |accessdate=12 September 2011 }}{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> || UNGG || style="text-align:right;"| 40 MW || style="text-align:right;"| 43 MW|| style="text-align:right;"|01.03.1956 || style="text-align:right;"|04.04.1960 || style="text-align:right;"|04.04.1960 || style="text-align:right;"| 20.06.1984
|-
| Celestin 1<ref>[http://www.areva.com/EN/operations-3130/history-the-plant-of-marcoule.html History The plant of Marcoule] areva.com</ref> || [[Tritium]] breeder || style="text-align:right;"| &nbsp; || style="text-align:right;"| &nbsp; || style="text-align:right;"| &nbsp; || style="text-align:right;"| &nbsp; || style="text-align:right;"| 1967 || style="text-align:right;"| 2009
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== 2011 explosion ==
On 12 September 2011, there was an explosion in an oven used to melt metallic waste of a [[low level waste|"weak and very weak"]] level of radioactivity, killing one person, and injuring four. The explosion happened in the [[Centraco]] centre, used by Socodei, a sister company of [[Électricité de France]].<ref name=BBC>{{cite news|title=France Nuclear: Marcoule Site Explosion Kills One|url=httphttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-14883521|accessdate=12 September 2011|newspaper=BBC News|date=12 September 2011}}</ref><ref name="Guardian">{{cite news|last=Willsher|first=Kim|title=Explosion at French Nuclear Waste Plant|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/sep/12/french-nuclear-plant-rocked-explosion|accessdate=12 September 2011|newspaper=The Guardian|date=12 September 2011}}</ref> A safety cordon was set up around the plant by fire officers because of the risk of leakage.<ref name="BBC"/><ref name="Guardian"/>
 
== CEA VALRHO Marcoule ==
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While most facilities are located at the main Marcoule site, a small number of facilities at Pierrelatte (located close at the [[Tricastin Nuclear Power Plant#Tricastin Nuclear Site|Tricastin Nuclear Site]]) do also belong to the Marcoule Nuclear Site.
 
In 2007 over 500 million euros was spent supporting the work of the 30 laboratories.<ref>{fr}http://www-marcoule.cea.fr/home/liblocal/docs/UCAP/PORTAIL/Plaquette%20CEA%20Marcoule%20en%20bref.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303171557/http://www-marcoule.cea.fr/home/liblocal/docs/UCAP/PORTAIL/Plaquette%20CEA%20Marcoule%20en%20bref.pdf |date=2016-03-03 }}</ref>
 
== Gallery ==
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</gallery>
 
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
 
== External links ==
{{commons category|Marcoule Nuclear Site}}
 
{{stack|{{Portal|France|Energy|Nuclear technology}}}}
*[http://www.french-nuclear-safety.fr/ The French Nuclear Safety Authority - French Nuclear Safety Authority]
*[http://www.visiatome.com/ Visiatome Marcoule], science museum
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{{French nuclear power plants}}
 
{{authority control}}
 
[[Category:Energy infrastructure completed in 1956]]
[[Category:Nuclear research institutes in France]]
[[Category:Nuclear history of France]]
[[Category:Nuclear technology in France]]
[[Category:Nuclear energy in France]]▼
[[Category:Military nuclear reactors]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Gard]]
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[[Category:Nuclear power stations with closed reactors]]
[[Category:Nuclear reprocessing sites]]
▲[[Category:Nuclear20th-century energyarchitecture in France]]
[[Category:French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission]]
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