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{{Infobox settlement
| official_name = Noakhali Sadar
| native_name = নোয়াখালিনোয়াখালী সদর
| settlement_type = [[Upazilas of Bangladesh|Upazila]]
| image_skyline = =
| imagesize = =
| image_alt = =
| image_caption = Skyline of Noakhali Sadar, Bangladesh
| image_map = Noakhali Sadar in Chattogram division (Bangladesh).svg
| image_blank_emblem =
| coordinates = {{coord|22|50|N|91|6|E|type:adm3rd|display=inline,title}}
| blank_emblem_size =
| subdivision_type = [[Country]]
| blank_emblem_type =
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Bangladesh}}
| blank_emblem_link =
| pushpin_mapsubdivision_type1 = [[Divisions =of Bangladesh|Division]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Chittagong Division|Chittagong]]
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Bangladesh
| subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Bangladesh|District]]
| pushpin_label_position = right
| subdivision_name2 = [[Noakhali District|Noakhali]]
| coordinates_display = inline,title
| subdivision_type3 = <!-- Capital -->
| coordinates_region = BD
| subdivision_name3 =
| subdivision_type = [[Country]]
| area_footnotes = <ref name=district-stats/>
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Bangladesh}}
| area_total_km2 = 336.06
| subdivision_type1 = [[Divisions of Bangladesh|Division]]
| area_metro_km2 =
| subdivision_name1 = [[Chittagong Division]]
| elevation_m =
| subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Bangladesh|District]]
| subdivision_name2elevation_ft = [[Noakhali District]]
| population_footnotes = <ref name=tableC01/>
| subdivision_type3 = <!-- Capital -->
| population_total = 525,934
| subdivision_name3 =
| population_as_of = 2011 census
| population_total = 526000
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_footnotesleader_title =
| leader_name =
| population_density_km2 = 1565
| area_total_km2 leader_title1 = 336.06
| area_metro_km2leader_name1 = =
| elevation_mtimezone = [[Bangladesh =Standard Time|BST]]
| elevation_ftutc_offset = =+6
| postal_code_type = [[List of postal codes in Bangladesh|Postal code]]
| leader_title =
| leader_namepostal_code = =3800-3812
| website = {{URL|http://sadar.noakhali.gov.bd/}}{{in lang|bn}}
| leader_title1 =
| leader_name1footnotes = =
| timezone name = [[Bangladesh StandardNoakhali Time|BST]]Sadar
| utc_offset = +6
| latd=22 |latm={{#expr:.8333*60 round 1}} |lats= |latNS=N
| longd=91 |longm={{#expr:.1000*60 round 1}} |longs= |longEW=E
| coordinates_type = type:city_region:BD
| cooddinates_display = title
| postal_code_type =
| postal_code =
| website =[http://www.bangladesh.gov.bd/maps/images/noakhali/NoakhaliSadar.gif Official Map of Noakhali Sadar]
| footnotes =
}}
 
'''Noakhali Sadar''' ({{lang-bn|নোয়াখালি সদর}}) is an [[Upazila]] of [[Noakhali District]] in the Division of [[Chittagong Division|Chittagong]], [[Bangladesh]]. The Upazila has recently{{when?|date=April 2015}} been divided, creating two more Upazilas: [[Subarnchar Upazila|Subarnchar]] and [[Kabir Hat Upazila|Kabir Hat]].
'''Noakhali Sadar''' ({{lang-bn|নোয়াখালি সদর}}) is an [[upazila]] of [[Noakhali District]] in the Division of [[Chittagong Division|Chittagong]], [[Bangladesh]]. Noakhali Thana was established in 1861 and was converted into an upazila in 1984.<ref name=Banglapedia/> The upazila takes its name from the district and the Bengali word ''sadar'' (headquarters). It is the subdistrict where the district headquarters, Noakhali town, is located. The town is situated on the western bank of the Noakhali Canal, from which it takes its name.<ref>{{cite book |last=Webster |first=John Edward |date=1911 |title=Noakhali |series=Eastern Bengal and Assam District Gazetteers |location=Allahabad, India |publisher=Pioneer Press |page=1|hdl=2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t1td9z39b }}</ref> The Noakhali Canal was dug in 1660 to control flooding of the river Dakatia. The name Noakhali means "New canal", derived from the Bengali words ''noa'' (new) and ''khal'' (canal).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lged.gov.bd/DistrictLGED.aspx?DistrictID=7 |title=LGED Noakhali, About Noakhali |website=Local Government Engineering Department |access-date=May 10, 2015}}</ref>
 
==Geography==
Noakhali Sadar Upazila has a total area of {{convert|336.06|sqkm}}.<ref name=district-stats/> It borders [[Begumganj Upazila]] to the north, [[Kabirhat Upazila]] to the east, [[Suborno Char Upazila]] to the south, and [[Kamalnagar Upazila|Komolnagar]] and [[Lakshmipur Sadar Upazila|Lakshmipur Sadar]] upazilas of [[Lakshmipur District]] to the west. The Noakhali Canal flows north through the upazila.<ref name=Banglapedia/>
Noakhali Sadar is located at {{Coord|22.8333|N|91.1000|E|}}. It has 100,219 households and a total area of 336 &nbsp;km².
 
==Demographics==
{{Historical populations
According to the [[2011 Bangladesh census]], Noakhali Sadar had a population of 526,000. Males constituted 49.82% of the population, and females 50.18%. Noakhali Sadar had an average literacy rate of 51.7%, against the national average of 32.4%.<ref name="census">{{cite web | accessdate = November 10, 2006 | url = http://www.bangladeshgov.org/mop/ndb/arpc91_v1/tables04.htm | archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20050327072826/http://www.bangladeshgov.org/mop/ndb/arpc91_v1/tables04.htm | archivedate = 2005-03-27 | title = Population Census Wing, BBS.}}</ref>
|align = center
|pop_name = {{abbr|Pop. (000)
|Population}}
|footnote = 2011 population declined because upazila boundaries were redrawn to create Suborno Char and Kabirhat upazilas
|source = <br>Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics<ref name=district-stats/>
|1981 |483
|1991 |651
|2001 |767
|2011 |526
}}
 
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Noakhali Sadar upazila (2011)<ref name="census2011"/>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Islam in Bangladesh|Islam]]|green|96.83}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Bangladesh|Hinduism]]|darkorange|2.97}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.20}}
}}
 
According to the [[2011 Bangladesh census]], Noakhali Sadar Upazila had 100,219 households and a population of 525,934. 145,447 (27.65%) were under 10 years of age. Noakhali Sadar had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 51.73%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 1081 females per 1000 males. 130,842 (24.88%) lived in urban areas.<ref name="community">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Community Tables: Noakhali district |url=http://203.112.218.65:8008/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/PopCen2011/Con_Noakhali.pdf |website=bbs.gov.bd |publisher=[[Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref><ref name="census2011">{{cite web |date=2011 |title=Bangladesh Population and Housing Census 2011 Zila Report – Noakhali |url=http://203.112.218.65:8008/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/PopCenZilz2011/Zila_Noakhali.pdf |website=bbs.gov.bd |publisher=[[Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref>
 
The boundaries of the upazila were redrawn in 2005 to create a new upazila, Suborno Char,<ref>{{cite book |last=Rita |first=Tahera Begum |year=2012 |chapter=Subarnachar Upazila |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Subarnachar_Upazila |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> and again in 2006 to create Kabirhat Upazila.<ref>{{cite book |last=Islam |first=AM Saiful |year=2012 |chapter=Kabirhat Upazila |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Kabirhat_Upazila |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> The combined population of the three in 2011 was 1,012,392, a 32% increase from 2001.
 
==Sports==
The most popular sports in the upazila are [[association football|football]] and [[cricket]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://sadar.noakhali.gov.bd/node/510183 |script-title=bn:খেলাধুলা ও বিনোদন |trans-title=Sports and Recreation |language=bn |website=Bangladesh National Portal |access-date=May 7, 2015}}</ref> [[Shaheed Bulu Stadium]] is used for both, as well as for large community gatherings such as Victory Day celebrations.<ref>{{cite news |date=23 November 2014 |title=Divisional football tournament inaugurated in Noakhali |url=http://englishnewsbd.com/2014/11/23/divisional-football-tournament-inaugurated-in-noakhali/ |work=englishnewsbd.com |access-date=May 7, 2015}}</ref><ref>
{{cite web |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Grounds/4/242.html |title=Shahid Bulu Stadium, Noakhali |website=Cricket Archive |access-date=May 7, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=17 December 2014 |title=People celebrate Victory Day, pay tribute to Liberation War martyrs |url=http://www.theindependentbd.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=240941:people-celebrate-victory-day-pay-tribute-to-liberation-war-martyrs&catid=95:national&Itemid=141 |newspaper=The Independent |location=Dhaka |access-date=May 7, 2015}}</ref>
 
==Administration==
Noakhali Sadar Upazila is divided into Noakhali Municipality and 13 [[union parishad]]s: Anderchar, Ashwadia, Binodpur, Char Matua, Dadpur, Dharmapur, Ewazbalia, Kadir Hanif, Kaladaraf, Niazpur, Noakhali, Noannai, and Purba Char Matua. The union parishads are subdivided into 166 mauzas and 173 villages.<ref name="district-stats" />
Noakhali Sadar has 1 Municipality, 13 Unions, 9 Wards, 166 Mauzas, 36 Mahallas, and 173 villages.
 
Noakhali Municipality was established in 1876.<ref name=Banglapedia/> It is subdivided into 9 wards and 36 [[mahalla]]s.<ref name="district-stats" />
==Notable personalities==
'''Freedom Fighters'''
*[[Shahid Abdul Odud]] BLF
*[[Shahid Abdur Rob]] BLF
*[[Momin Ullah B.Sc]] (BLF)Presently Advocate he was the first Secretary of District JSD, Founder of Bhulua College & School
*[[Nizam Uddin Faruk]](BLF)
*[[Abul Hossain]](BLF)
*[[Biplobi Sailesh Roy]] (an associate of Masterda Surya Sen-1930)
 
==Transport==
'''Other notable people'''
Rail stations Maijdi, Maijdi Court, Harinarayanpur, and Noakhali are the last four on the branch line connecting [[Akhaura–Laksam–Chittagong line|Laksam and Noakhali]]. In May 2015, they were served by one intercity and four mail trains a day.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://railway.portal.gov.bd/site/page/7d41b060-030b-4bb9-bdb6-aa137c4c58da |title=Noakhali Schedule |website=Bangladesh Railways |access-date=May 6, 2015}}</ref>
*[[Kamal Uddin Ahmed]] Author, Political Analyst
 
*Qazi Abdul Lateef
The town of Noakhali is the southern terminus of national highway N104, which connects to [[Feni Sadar Upazila|Feni]], about {{convert|50|km}} away.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rhd.gov.bd/RHDMaps/Maps/Comilla_Zone.pdf |title=RHD Road Network, Comilla Zone |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=May 2005 |website=Roads and Highways Department |access-date=July 25, 2014}}</ref>
 
==Education==
{{See also|Education in Bangladesh}}
[[Noakhali Science and Technology University]], founded in 2006,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nstu.edu.bd/ |title=Noakhali Science and Technology University - Home |website=Noakhali Science and Technology University |access-date=May 6, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814082410/http://www.nstu.edu.bd/ |archive-date=August 14, 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> is the only university.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ugc.gov.bd/university/details.php?code=52 |title=Noakhali Science & Technology University |website=University Grants Commission of Bangladesh |access-date=May 6, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518090927/http://www.ugc.gov.bd/university/details.php?code=52 |archive-date=May 18, 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Noakhali Medical College]], founded in 2008, is the only medical school.{{citation needed|date=September 2020}}
 
There are ten colleges in the upazila: Bandher Hat A. M. College, Bhulua Degree College, Char Matua College, Maijdee Public College, Major (Rtd) Abdul Mannan College, National Model College, [[Noakhali Government College]] (founded in 1963), [[Noakhali Government Women's College]], Noakhali Model College, and [[Sonapur Degree College]].<ref name=Banglapedia/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://shed.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/shed.portal.gov.bd/npfblock//college.xls |title=List of Colleges |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |website=Department of Secondary and Higher Education |access-date=6 September 2020}}</ref>
 
According to Banglapedia, [[Noakhali Zilla School]], founded in 1853, [[Brother Andre High School]] (1857), [[Ahmadia Model High School]] (1906), [[Arun Chandra High School]] (1914), [[Noakhali Government Girls' High School]] (1934), and [[Paura Kalyan High School]] (1940) are notable secondary schools.<ref name=Banglapedia />
 
The madrasa education system includes two fazil and two kamil madrasas.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.moedu.gov.bd/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=500&Itemid=400 |title=List of Institutions |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |website=Ministry of Education |access-date=July 15, 2014}}</ref>
 
==Notable residents==
*[[Muzaffar Ahmed (politician)|Muzaffar Ahmed]], one of the founders of the [[Communist Party of India]], was educated at Noakhali Zilla School.<ref>{{cite book |last=Roy |first=Ranjit |year=2012 |chapter=Ahmed, Comrade Muzaffar |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Ahmed,_Comrade_Muzaffar |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref>
*[[Zahurul Haq]], whose arrest in the [[Agartala Conspiracy Case]] and 1969 death in custody led to mass protests, graduated from Noakhali Zilla School.<ref>{{cite book |last=Mahmood |first=ABM |year=2012 |chapter=Haq, Zahurul |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Haq,_Zahurul |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref>
*[[Saadat Husain]], former cabinet secretary and former chairman of [[Bangladesh Public Service Commission]], grew up in Noakhali town.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cabinet.gov.bd/site/view/cabinet_secretary |title=List of Cabinet Secretaries |website=Cabinet Division, Government of Bangladesh |access-date=May 8, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Husain |first=Saadat |date=22 November 2007 |title=Cyclones past and present |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=12525 |newspaper=The Daily Star |access-date=May 8, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Husain |first=Saadat |date=18 March 2014 |title=Upazila: The unit for effective administration at field level |url=http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/2014/03/18/24037/print |newspaper=Financial Express |access-date=May 8, 2015}}</ref>
*[[A B M Musa]], awarded the [[Ekushey Padak]] for journalism in 1999, attended Noakhali Zilla School.<ref>{{cite news |date=1 April 2014 |script-title=bn:সাংবাদিক এবিএম মূসার সংক্ষিপ্ত জীবনী |trans-title=A Brief Biography of Journalist ABM Musa |language=bn |url=http://bdtoday24.com/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%AE-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95/ |newspaper=bdtoday24 |location=Dhaka |access-date=May 8, 2015}}</ref>
*[[Abdul Malek Ukil]], a drafter of the Constitution of Bangladesh, member of parliament and cabinet minister, was born in Rajapur village.<ref>{{cite book |last=Rahman |first=Siddiqur |year=2012 |chapter=Ukil, Abdul Malek |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Ukil,_Abdul_Malek |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref>
 
==See also==
Line 77 ⟶ 110:
 
==References==
<references/>
<ref name=Banglapedia>{{cite book |last=Bhuiyan |first=Muhammad Masudur Rahman |year=2012 |chapter=Noakhali Sadar Upazila |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Noakhali_Sadar_Upazila |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref>
<ref name=district-stats>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbs.gov.bd/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/District%20Statistics/Noakhali.pdf |title=District Statistics 2011: Noakhali |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |website=Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics |access-date=July 25, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141026103943/http://www.bbs.gov.bd/webtestapplication/userfiles/Image/District%20Statistics/Noakhali.pdf |archive-date=October 26, 2014 }}</ref>
<ref name=tableC01>{{cite web |url=http://203.112.218.66/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/Census2011/Chittagong/Noakhali/Noakhali_C01.pdf |title=Population Census 2011: Noakhali Table C-01 |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |website=Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics |access-date=July 11, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518071936/http://203.112.218.66/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/Census2011/Chittagong/Noakhali/Noakhali_C01.pdf |archive-date=May 18, 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref
 
<!--<ref name=tableC04>{{cite web |url=http://203.112.218.66/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/Census2011/Chittagong/Noakhali/Noakhali_C04.pdf |title=Population Census 2011: Noakhali Table C-04 |author=Staff writer(s); no by-line. |website=Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics |access-date=July 11, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518072209/http://203.112.218.66/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/Census2011/Chittagong/Noakhali/Noakhali_C04.pdf |archive-date=May 18, 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>-->
==External links==
<!--<ref name=tableC06>{{cite web |url=http://203.112.218.66/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/Census2011/Chittagong/Noakhali/Noakhali_C06.pdf |title=Population Census 2011: Noakhali Table C-06 |author=Staff writer(s); no by-line.|website=Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics |access-date=July 11, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518071914/http://203.112.218.66/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/Census2011/Chittagong/Noakhali/Noakhali_C06.pdf |archive-date=May 18, 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>-->
*{{cite web |url=http://www.chalomannoakhali.com |title=দৈনিক চলমান নোয়াখালী |trans-title=Daily Running Noakhali |language=bn |website=Chaloman Noakhali}}
*[http://www.nstu.edu.bd Noakhali Science and Technology University]
{{Upazilas of Chittagong Division}}
 
</references>
[[Category:Upazilas of Noakhali District]]
 
{{Noakhali District}}
{{Upazilas of Chittagong Division}}
 
[[Category:Upazilas of Noakhali District]]
{{Chittagong-geo-stub}}
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