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{{Infobox settlement
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▲| coordinates = {{coord|22|50|N|91|6|E|type:adm3rd|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Divisions of Bangladesh|Division]]
▲| subdivision_type = [[Country]]
▲| subdivision_name = {{flag|Bangladesh}}
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▲| subdivision_name1 = [[Chittagong Division]]
| subdivision_type3 = <!-- Capital -->
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▲| subdivision_name2 = [[Noakhali District]]
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| population_as_of = 2011 census
▲| population_footnotes = <ref name=tableC01/>
▲| population_total = 525,934
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▲| population_density_km2 = auto
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| website = {{URL|http://sadar.noakhali.gov.bd/}}{{in lang|bn}}
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'''Noakhali Sadar''' ({{lang-bn|নোয়াখালি সদর}}) is an [[upazila]] of [[Noakhali District]] in the Division of [[Chittagong Division|Chittagong]], [[Bangladesh]]. Noakhali Thana was established in 1861 and was converted into an upazila in 1984.<ref name=Banglapedia/> The upazila takes its name from the district and the Bengali word ''sadar'' (headquarters). It is the subdistrict where the district headquarters, Noakhali town, is located. The town is situated on the western bank of the Noakhali Canal, from which it takes its name.<ref>{{cite book |last=Webster |first=John Edward |date=1911 |title=Noakhali |series=Eastern Bengal and Assam District Gazetteers |location=Allahabad, India |publisher=Pioneer Press |page=1|hdl=2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t1td9z39b }}</ref> The Noakhali Canal was dug in 1660 to control flooding of the river Dakatia. The name Noakhali means "New canal", derived from the Bengali words ''noa'' (new) and ''khal'' (canal).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lged.gov.bd/DistrictLGED.aspx?DistrictID=7 |title=LGED Noakhali, About Noakhali |website=Local Government Engineering Department |access-date=May 10, 2015}}</ref>
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==Demographics==
{{Historical populations
|align =
|pop_name = {{abbr|Pop. (000)
|Population}}
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}}
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Noakhali Sadar upazila (2011)<ref name="census2011"/>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Islam in Bangladesh|Islam]]|green|96.83}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Bangladesh|Hinduism]]|darkorange|2.97}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.20}}
}}
According to the [[2011 Bangladesh census]], Noakhali Sadar Upazila had 100,219 households and a population of 525,934. 145,447 (27.65%) were under 10 years of age. Noakhali Sadar had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 51.73%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 1081 females per 1000 males. 130,842 (24.88%) lived in urban areas.<ref name="community">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Community Tables: Noakhali district |url=http://203.112.218.65:8008/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/PopCen2011/Con_Noakhali.pdf |website=bbs.gov.bd |publisher=[[Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref><ref name="census2011">{{cite web |date=2011 |title=Bangladesh Population and Housing Census 2011 Zila Report – Noakhali |url=http://203.112.218.65:8008/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/PopCenZilz2011/Zila_Noakhali.pdf |website=bbs.gov.bd |publisher=[[Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref>
The boundaries of the upazila were redrawn in 2005 to create a new upazila, Suborno Char,<ref>{{cite book |last=Rita |first=Tahera Begum |year=2012 |chapter=Subarnachar Upazila |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Subarnachar_Upazila |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> and again in 2006 to create Kabirhat Upazila.<ref>{{cite book |last=Islam |first=AM Saiful |year=2012 |chapter=Kabirhat Upazila |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Kabirhat_Upazila |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> The combined population of the three in 2011 was 1,012,392, a 32% increase from 2001.
==Sports==
The most popular sports in the upazila are [[association football|football]] and [[cricket]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://sadar.noakhali.gov.bd/node/510183 |script-title=bn:খেলাধুলা ও বিনোদন |trans-title=Sports and Recreation |language=bn |website=Bangladesh National Portal |
{{cite web |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Grounds/4/242.html |title=Shahid Bulu Stadium, Noakhali |website=Cricket Archive |
==Administration==
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==Transport==
Rail stations Maijdi, Maijdi Court, Harinarayanpur, and Noakhali are the last four on the branch line connecting [[Akhaura–Laksam–Chittagong line|Laksam and Noakhali]]. In May 2015, they were served by one intercity and four mail trains a day.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://railway.portal.gov.bd/site/page/7d41b060-030b-4bb9-bdb6-aa137c4c58da |title=Noakhali Schedule |website=Bangladesh Railways |
The town of Noakhali is the southern terminus of national highway N104, which connects to [[Feni Sadar Upazila|Feni]], about {{convert|50|km}} away.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rhd.gov.bd/RHDMaps/Maps/Comilla_Zone.pdf |title=RHD Road Network, Comilla Zone |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=May 2005 |website=Roads and Highways Department |
==Education==
{{See also|Education in Bangladesh}}
[[Noakhali Science and Technology University]], founded in 2006,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nstu.edu.bd/ |title=Noakhali Science and Technology University - Home |website=Noakhali Science and Technology University |
There are ten colleges in the upazila: Bandher Hat A. M. College, Bhulua Degree College, Char Matua College, Maijdee Public College, Major (Rtd) Abdul Mannan College, National Model College, [[Noakhali Government College]] (founded in 1963), [[Noakhali Government Women's College]], Noakhali Model College, and [[Sonapur Degree College]].<ref name=Banglapedia/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://shed.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/shed.portal.gov.bd/npfblock//college.xls |title=List of Colleges |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |website=Department of Secondary and Higher Education |access-date=6 September 2020}}</ref>
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According to Banglapedia, [[Noakhali Zilla School]], founded in 1853, [[Brother Andre High School]] (1857), [[Ahmadia Model High School]] (1906), [[Arun Chandra High School]] (1914), [[Noakhali Government Girls' High School]] (1934), and [[Paura Kalyan High School]] (1940) are notable secondary schools.<ref name=Banglapedia />
The madrasa education system includes two fazil and two kamil madrasas.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.moedu.gov.bd/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=500&Itemid=400 |title=List of Institutions |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |website=Ministry of Education |
==Notable residents==
*[[Muzaffar Ahmed (politician)|Muzaffar Ahmed]], one of the founders of the [[Communist Party of India]], was educated at Noakhali Zilla School.<ref>{{cite book |last=Roy |first=Ranjit |year=2012 |chapter=Ahmed, Comrade Muzaffar |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Ahmed,_Comrade_Muzaffar |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref>
*[[Zahurul Haq]], whose arrest in the [[Agartala Conspiracy Case]] and 1969 death in custody led to mass protests, graduated from Noakhali Zilla School.<ref>{{cite book |last=Mahmood |first=ABM |year=2012 |chapter=Haq, Zahurul |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Haq,_Zahurul |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref>
*[[Saadat Husain]], former cabinet secretary and former chairman of [[Bangladesh Public Service Commission]], grew up in Noakhali town.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cabinet.gov.bd/site/view/cabinet_secretary |title=List of Cabinet Secretaries |website=Cabinet Division, Government of Bangladesh |
*[[A B M Musa]], awarded the [[Ekushey Padak]] for journalism in 1999, attended Noakhali Zilla School.<ref>{{cite news |date=1 April 2014 |script-title=bn:সাংবাদিক এবিএম মূসার সংক্ষিপ্ত জীবনী |trans-title=A Brief Biography of Journalist ABM Musa |language=bn |url=http://bdtoday24.com/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%AE-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95/ |newspaper=bdtoday24 |location=Dhaka |
*[[Abdul Malek Ukil]], a drafter of the Constitution of Bangladesh, member of parliament and cabinet minister, was born in Rajapur village.<ref>{{cite book |last=Rahman |first=Siddiqur |year=2012 |chapter=Ukil, Abdul Malek |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Ukil,_Abdul_Malek |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref>
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<references>
<ref name=Banglapedia>{{cite book |last=Bhuiyan |first=Muhammad Masudur Rahman |year=2012 |chapter=Noakhali Sadar Upazila |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Noakhali_Sadar_Upazila |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref>
<ref name=district-stats>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbs.gov.bd/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/District%20Statistics/Noakhali.pdf |title=District Statistics 2011: Noakhali |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |website=Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics |
<ref name=tableC01>{{cite web |url=http://203.112.218.66/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/Census2011/Chittagong/Noakhali/Noakhali_C01.pdf |title=Population Census 2011: Noakhali Table C-01 |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |website=Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics |
<ref name=tableC04>{{cite web |url=http://203.112.218.66/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/Census2011/Chittagong/Noakhali/Noakhali_C04.pdf |title=Population Census 2011: Noakhali Table C-04 |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |website=Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics |accessdate=July 11, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518072209/http://203.112.218.66/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/Census2011/Chittagong/Noakhali/Noakhali_C04.pdf |archive-date=May 18, 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>▼
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