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{{Short description|Subspecies of fish}}
{{
{{Subspeciesbox
| name = Atlantic sturgeon
| image = Acipenser oxyrhynchus.jpg
| status =
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=IUCN>{{cite iucn
| status2 = T3
| status2_system = TNC
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==Lifecycle==
Atlantic sturgeon under six years of age stay in the [[brackish]] water where they were born before moving into the ocean. They may be {{convert|3|-|5|ft|abbr=on}} long at this stage. In areas where [[shortnose sturgeon]] are also present, the adults of that species can be, and historically were for centuries, confused with immature Atlantic sturgeon. When mature, they travel upstream to spawn. The females may lay 800,000 to 3.75 million eggs in a single year, doing so every two to six years. After laying their eggs, females travel back downstream, but males may remain upstream after spawning until forced to return downstream by the increasingly cold water. They may even return to the ocean, where they stay near the [[coastline]].{{
The species is also known for its occasional 'leaping' behavior, during which the fish will emerge completely out of the water in a forceful motion that can be hazardous to anything unlucky enough to be struck.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dnr2.maryland.gov/Fisheries/Pages/Fish-Facts.aspx?fishname=Atlantic%20Sturgeon|title=Maryland Fish Facts|work=Maryland.gov|access-date=March 28, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.floridatoday.com/story/news/local/2015/07/04/lake-city-florida-girl-killed-by-jumping-sturgeon-boat/29701255/|title=Florida girl killed by jumping sturgeon|work=FloridaToday.com|date=6 July 2015|orig-date=Originally published 4 July 2015|access-date=21 March 2023|
==Economic history==
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==Baltic population==
The now nearly extinct sturgeon population in the [[Baltic Sea]] area belongs to the Atlantic sturgeon ''A. oxyrinchus'' rather than to the European species ''[[European sea sturgeon|A. sturio]]'' as had been thought. ''A. oxyrinchus'' migrated to the Baltic about 1300 years ago and displaced the native ''A. sturio''.<ref>{{cite journal | pmc=2527320| last1=Ludwig| first1=A| title=Tracing the first steps of American sturgeon pioneers in Europe| journal=BMC Evolutionary Biology| volume=8| pages=221| last2=Arndt| first2=U| last3=Lippold| first3=S| last4=Benecke| first4=N| last5=Debus| first5=L| last6=King| first6=T. L.| last7=Matsumura| first7=S| doi=10.1186/1471-2148-8-221| pmid=18664258| year=2008| doi-access=free}}</ref>
The last known specimen of the Atlantic sturgeon in the Baltic region was caught in 1996 near [[Muhumaa]] in [[Estonia]]. It was {{convert|2.9|m|ft|abbr=on}} long, weighed {{convert|136|kg|lb|abbr=on}}, and was estimated to be about 50 years old.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.saarlane.ee/uudised/uudis.asp?newsid=25986&kat=1|title=Muhu Maria jäi viimaseks Läänemerest püütud atlandi tuuraks|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017001706/http://www.saarlane.ee/uudised/uudis.asp?newsid=25986&kat=1|archive-date=October 17, 2013|website=Saarlane.ee|language=et}}</ref>
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==Conservation designation==
IUCN: [[
CITES: [[CITES Appendix II|Appendix II]]<ref>{{cite web| title=Appendices I, II and III | date=4 October 2017 | url=https://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php | publisher=CITES | access-date=27 October 2017}}</ref>
The American Fisheries Society considers it endangered in all stream systems except conservation-dependent in the Hudson, Delaware, and Altamaha Rivers.{{
The Atlantic sturgeon of the [[Delaware River]] are listed under the ESA as part of the New York Bight [[distinct population segment]] (DPS),<ref name="noaafisheries">{{cite web|url=https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/atlantic-sturgeon|title=Species Directory: Atlantic Sturgeon|website=NOAA Fisheries|date=30 January 2023|access-date=21 March 2023}}</ref><ref name="fr77">{{Federal Register|77|5880}}</ref> which includes all Atlantic sturgeon that spawn in watersheds draining to coastal waters from Chatham, Massachusetts, to the Delaware-Maryland border on Fenwick Island,<ref name="fr77"/>{{rp|5881}} the Chesapeake Bay DPS, the Carolina DPS and the South Atlantic DPS, while the Gulf of Maine DPS is listed threatened.<ref name="noaafisheries"/><ref name="fr77"/> Canadian-origin populations are not currently listed under the U.S. ESA.<ref name="noaafisheries"/> NMFS believes fewer than 300 spawning adults are in the Delaware River population; just over 100 years ago the estimated population was 180,000 spawning adult females.{{
==Management==
Atlantic sturgeon are now a threatened species. Management of the species is largely based on the restriction of fishing of the species. This helps limit fishing mortalities of sturgeon to bycatch.<ref>{{
==References==
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==Further reading==
{{
*[http://www.dec.ny.gov/animals/7025.html New York State Department of Environmental Conservation - New York's Sturgeon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160829133237/http://www.dec.ny.gov/animals/7025.html |date=2016-08-29 }}
*https://web.archive.org/web/20060213083257/http://dep.state.ct.us/burnatr/wildlife/factshts/atsturg.htm
*https://web.archive.org/web/20060508224855/http://www.maine.gov/dmr/recreational/fishes/sturgeon.htm
*{{FishBase subspecies | genus = Acipenser | species = oxyrinchus | subspecies = oxyrinchus | year = 2008 | month = October}}
*Burroughs, Frank [August 2006]. Confluence: Merrymeeting Bay. Gardiner, Maine: Tilbury House, 21-28. {{ISBN|978-0-88448-282-6}}.
{{
{{Chondrostei}}
{{Acipenseriformes|state=expanded}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q11031462}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Acipenser|Atlantic sturgeon]]
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