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{{Short description|Motion in parliamentary procedure}}
In [[parliamentary procedure]], '''reconsideration of a motion''' (or '''reconsideration of a question''') may be done on a matter previously decided. The [[Motion (parliamentary procedure)|motion]] to "reconsider" is used for this purpose. This motion originated in the [[United States]] and is generally not used in [[parliament]]s.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title = Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised|last = Robert|first = Henry M.|publisher = Da Capo Press|year = 2011|isbn = 978-0-306-82020-5|location = Philadelphia, PA|pages = 315|edition = 11th
== Explanation and use ==
===''Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised''===
{{Infobox motion
| name = Reconsider (RONR)
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The making of the motion to reconsider takes precedence over all other motions and yields to nothing.<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Robert|2011|p = 317}}</ref> It is not, however, considered at the time it is made if other business is pending, and the timing of its consideration depends on the ranking of the motion that led to the vote to be reconsidered.<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Robert|2011|p = 318}}</ref> If it could not be considered at the time, a member could call up the motion to reconsider when it is appropriate to do so.<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Robert|2011|p = 323}}</ref>
===''Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure''===
The ''[[Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure]]'' (TSC) treats the motion to reconsider differently in the following ways.
===Legislative use===
In American legislative bodies, there is a strong tradition of affirming the right to reconsider with almost no restrictions.<ref>{{cite parl|title=MAS|pages=299–300}}</ref> As with the case in other assemblies, reconsideration is not allowed if another motion would accomplish the result more directly (e.g. [[take from the table]] instead of reconsidering the motion to [[table (parliamentary procedure)|lay on the table]]). It is also not possible to reconsider if vested rights have been acquired
''[[Mason's Manual of Legislative Procedure]]'' states that there are no time limits with the motion to reconsider other than the practical limits of the item being within the reach of the assembly.<ref>{{cite parl|title=mas|pages=310}}</ref>
The rules in these bodies may provide that any member can make the motion to reconsider, not just someone who voted on the prevailing side (such as [[California Senate]] Rule No. 43 and [[New York Senate]] Rule No. VI).<ref>{{Cite web|title = Standing Rules of the Senate|url = http://www.legislature.ca.gov/the_state_legislature/rules_and_ethics/2015-16%20Senate%20Standing%20Rules%20amended%20by%20SR%208.pdf|website = www.legislature.ca.gov|access-date = 2016-02-20|publisher = California State Legislature}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title = R5, Adopts the Rules of the Senate for the 2015 - 2016 Session|url = https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/resolutions/2015/r5|website = NY State Senate|access-date = 2016-02-20}}</ref>
''Mason's Manual'' permits a member to give notice of the motion to reconsider.<ref>{{cite parl|title=mas|pages=465}}</ref>
In the U.S. Congress, there are specific limits to the motion to reconsider.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/HMAN-105/html/HMAN-105-pg640.htm|title=Constitution, Jefferson's Manual, and the Rules of the House of Representatives, 105th Congress-Rule XVIII.Reconsideration|website=www.gpo.gov|access-date=2016-02-21|quote=When a motion has been made and carried or lost, it shall be in order for any member of the majority, on the same or succeeding day, to move for the reconsideration thereof, and such motion shall take precedence of all other questions except the consideration of a conference report or a motion to adjourn, and shall not be withdrawn after the said succeeding day without the consent of the House, and thereafter any Member may call it up for consideration: Provided, That such motion, if made during the last six days of a session, shall be disposed of when made.}}</ref> In addition, a custom that is followed in this body is that following a vote, the
==Reconsider and enter on the minutes==
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This motion cannot be applied to motions whose object would be defeated by the delay.<ref name=":1" />
''Demeter's Manual'' notes, "If the motion to reconsider and enter a question is not called up before adjournment of the next meeting, the objectionable act then goes into effect upon adjournment. To reconsider and enter is out of order when its purpose is obviously [[dilatory]]."<ref name="autogenerated1">Demeter's, p. 162</ref> It is allowed to withdraw the motion to reconsider and enter before the end of the meeting in which it is made.
''[[The Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure]]'' does not have this motion.<ref>{{cite parl|title = tsc|pages = 237|edition = 4th}}</ref>
== See also ==
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