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{{Short description|Administrative subdivisions of ancient Rome}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}▼
{{other uses|Regio (disambiguation)}}
▲{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
[[File:Plan Rome.PNG|thumb|upright=1.75|Map of [[ancient Rome]] with the regions]]
In 7 BC, [[Augustus]] divided the city of '''[[ancient Rome|Rome]] into 14 administrative regions''' ([[Latin]] {{lang|la|regiones}}, {{abbr|sing.|singular}} {{lang|la|regio}}). These replaced the four {{lang|la|regiones}}—or "quarters"—traditionally attributed to [[Servius Tullius]], sixth [[king of Rome]]. They were further divided into official neighborhoods ({{lang|la|[[
Originally designated by number, the regions acquired nicknames from major landmarks or [[Topography of ancient Rome|topographical features]] within them. After the reign of [[Constantine the Great]], the imperial city of [[Constantinople]] was also divided into fourteen ''regiones'', on the Roman example: the [[14 regions of Constantinople]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Matthews|first=John|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796196995|title=Two Romes: Rome and Constantinople in late Antiquity|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2012|isbn=978-0-19-973940-0|editor-last=Grig|editor-first=Lucy|location=Oxford|pages=
== History of Rome's regions ==
Evidence of regions in Rome before Augustus is limited.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Goodman |first=Penelope J. |date=2020 |title=In omnibus regionibus? The fourteen regions and the city of Rome |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/papers-of-the-british-school-at-rome/article/abs/in-omnibus-regionibus-the-fourteen-regions-and-the-city-of-rome/48078411BBE0974903F1DD4FFF5DD650 |journal=Papers of the British School at Rome |language=en |volume=88 |pages=119–150 |doi=10.1017/S0068246219000382 |s2cid=212842159 |issn=0068-2462 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810225539/https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/papers-of-the-british-school-at-rome/article/abs/in-omnibus-regionibus-the-fourteen-regions-and-the-city-of-rome/48078411BBE0974903F1DD4FFF5DD650 |archive-date=10 August 2022 |access-date=10 August 2022 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> Writing in the mid-40s BC, [[Marcus Terentius Varro]] describes four 'partes urbis', referring to them individually as a ‘regio’ with both names and numbers: I Suburana, II Esquilina, III Collina and IV Palatina.<ref name=":0" />
Varro also provides evidence for vici in [[Republican Rome]], deriving the word vicus from via and which are analogous to our modern ‘[[neighbourhood]]s’.<ref name=":0" /> By the middle Republic each vicus had a local official known as a vicomagister.<ref name=":0" />
By the time of Augustus, local shrines in the vici had become neglected<ref name=":0" /> and from around 12 BC he began restoring individual vicus shrines before comprehensive reform in 7 BC, including codifying the rights and duties of the vicomagistri.<ref name=":0" /> At this time, the city was reorganised into the fourteen Augustan 'regiones' overseen by senatorial magistrates.<ref name=":0" />
▲Originally designated by number, the regions acquired nicknames from major landmarks or [[Topography of ancient Rome|topographical features]] within them. After the reign of [[Constantine the Great]], the imperial city of [[Constantinople]] was also divided into fourteen ''regiones'', on the Roman example: the [[14 regions of Constantinople]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Matthews|first=John|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/796196995|title=Two Romes: Rome and Constantinople in late Antiquity|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2012|isbn=978-0-19-973940-0|editor-last=Grig|editor-first=Lucy|location=Oxford|pages=81-115|chapter=The ''Notitia Urbis Constantinopolitanae''|oclc=796196995|editor-last2=Kelly|editor-first2=Gavin}}</ref>
==The 14 regions==
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=== I: [[Regio I Porta Capena]] ===
Regio I took its name from the [[Porta Capena]] ("Gate to Capua"), a gate of the [[Servian Wall]]
=== II: [[Regio II Caelimontium]] ===
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=== III: [[Regio III Isis et Serapis]]===
Regio III took its name from the sanctuary of [[Isis]], in the area of the modern Labicana street, containing the valley that was to be the
=== IV: [[Regio IV Templum Pacis]]===
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=== VI: [[Regio VI Alta Semita]]===
The name of Regio VI derives from the street (''[[Alta Semita]]'', "High Path") passing over the [[Quirinal Hill]]. It was a large {{lang|la|regio}} that encompassed also the [[Viminal Hill]], the lower slopes of the [[Pincian Hill|Pincian]], and the valleys between these. Its major landmarks included the [[Baths of Diocletian]], the [[Baths of Constantine]], and the [[Gardens of Sallust]]; [[Roman gardens|gardens ''(horti)'']] covered much of its northern part. Temples to [[Quirinus]], [[Salus]], and [[Flora (mythology)|Flora]] were also located in Regio VI, and the [[Castra Praetoria]]. The [[Aurelian
=== VII: [[Regio VII Via Lata]]===
The name of Regio VII was derived from the [[via Flaminia]], which runs between the [[Servian
=== VIII: [[Regio VIII Forum Romanum]] ===
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=== IX: [[Regio IX Circus Flaminius]] ===
The name derives from [[Circus Flaminius|the racecourse]] located in the southern end of the [[Campus Martius]], close to [[Tiber Island]]. The region contains part of the
=== X: [[Regio X Palatium]] ===
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=== XII: [[Regio XII Piscina Publica]] ===
Regio XII took its name from the [[Piscina Publica]], a monument that disappeared during the Empire. It had the high ground where the church of ''[[San Saba, Rome|San Saba]]'' is at present, plus its ramifications towards the [[Appian Way]], where the [[Baths of Caracalla
In the 180s, a bank and exchange for [[Christians]] operated in the area.<ref>Peter Lampe, ''Christians at Rome in the First Two Centuries'' (Continuum, 2003), p. 42 [https://books.google.com/books?id=vOoxGmc1DGAC
===XIII: [[Regio XIII Aventinus]]===
Regio XIII contained the [[Aventine Hill]] and the plain in front of it, along the Tiber.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wONKDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA3 |title=The Republican Aventine and
===XIV: [[Regio XIV Transtiberim]]===
Regio XIV (the region "across the Tiber") contained [[Tiber Island]] and all the parts of
==See also==
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