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{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2023}}{{Infobox newspaper
The '''''Indianapolis Journal''''' was a newspaper published in Indiana during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The paper published daily editions every evening except on Sundays when it published a morning edition. The paper was established in the 1823 as a pro-[[Whig (United States)|Whig]] newspaper. M.B. Martindale purchased the paper in the 1850s and was an early supporter of the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]]. During the [[American Civil War]] the paper's editor was the brother-in-law of [[Indiana Governor]] [[Oliver P. Morton]], and published columns and propaganda on behalf of Morton. The Democrat and southern sympathetic ''Indianapolis Sentinel'' saw a decline in its daily readership due to interference and shutdowns enforced by Morton.<ref>{{cite book|title=Dark lanterns: secret political societies, conspiracies, and treason trials in the Civil War|author=Klement, Frank L.|page=232|isbn=0-8071-1567-3|year=1984|publisher=LSU Press}}</ref>▼
| type = [[Daily newspaper]]
| founder = John Douglass & Douglass Maguire
| political = [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]] and [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
| ceased publication = 1904
| circulation = 11,000 (peak)
| foundation = 1825
}}
 
The '''''Indianapolis Journal''''' was a newspaper published in [[Indianapolis]], [[Indiana]], during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The paper published daily editions every evening except on Sundays, when it published a morning edition.
In 1880 Martindale sold the paper to [[John C. New]], a banker, attorney, and leading figure in the local Republican Party in the [[Indianapolis]] area. New's leadership helped the paper excel, dramatically increasing its readership. Other rival papers, including the ''Indianapolis Mirror'' went out of business leaving the ''Journal'' as the only daily newspaper in the Indianapolis metropolitan area.<ref name = va>{{cite book|title=James Whitcomb Riley: a life|author=Van Allen, Elizabeth J.|publisher=[[Indiana University]] Press|year= 1999|isbn=0-253-33591-4|page=162}}▼
</ref> ▼
 
On March 7, 1823, Harvey Gregg and Douglas Maguire published the first issue of the '''''Western Censor & Emigrants' Guide''''', a year after the city's first newspaper, the ''Indianapolis Gazette'', was established. On October 19, 1824, Gregg sold his interest in the paper to John Douglass. Douglass and Maquire published the ''Western Censor'' until renaming it as the '''''Indiana Journal''''' on January 11, 1825, and expanded and enlarged the publication.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Boomhower |first=Ray |date=2021-03-09 |title=Western Censor & Emigrants' Guide |url=https://indyencyclopedia.org/western-censor-emigrants-guide/ |access-date=2023-01-17 |website=Encyclopedia of Indianapolis}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last1=Van Allen |first1=Elizabeth |last2=Cunningham |first2=Joan |date=2021-03-27 |title=Indiana Journal |url=https://indyencyclopedia.org/indiana-journal/ |access-date=2023-01-17 |website=Encyclopedia of Indianapolis}}</ref>
The paper featured regular columns from famous writers and figures including [[James Whitcomb Riley]], [[Benjamin Harrison]], and [[Eugene V. Debs]]. The poem [[Little Orphant Annie]], by Riley, was first published in the paper in 1885.<ref name = va/> During most of its history, it carried eight 31x45 inch pages and at its peak had a circulation of 11,000.▼
 
From the outset the paper advocated for government-sponsored internal improvements and protective tariffs that would aid Indiana’s agricultural economy. These positions led the ''Journal'' to align with the [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig Party]] beginning in the mid-1830s. Purchased in 1845 by [[John D. Defrees]], and operated by him for nearly a decade, the paper was the first in Indianapolis to install a steam driven printing press. Under his leadership, the paper became Indianapolis's first permanent daily, the '''''Daily Indiana State Journal''''', in April 1851. The title changed to '''''Indianapolis Morning Journal''''' in 1853, then to '''''Indianapolis Daily Journal''''' the following year, and ultimately to ''Indianapolis Journal'' in 1867.
The paper commonly supported Republican candidates for office, and published editorials supporting Republicans positions. During the late nineteenth century competition from the ''[[Indianapolis Star]]'' began a decline in the ''Journal'''s readership. The ''Star'' eventually took a majority readership in the region and the ''Journal'' eventually closed because of financial difficulties in 1904.▼
 
▲TheBerry R. Sulgrove, who had joined the '''''Indianapolis Journal''''' was a newspaper published in Indiana1854 duringas theeditor, nineteenthacquired andcontrolling earlyinterest twentiethin centuries. Thethe paper publisheda dailyfew editionsyears everylater eveningand excepttransitioned on Sundays when it published a morning edition. Thethe paper was established infrom the 1823Whig asto athe pro-[[WhigRepublican Party (United States)|WhigRepublican]] newspapercamp. M.B.During Martindalethe purchased[[American theCivil paperWar|Civil inWar]], theSulgrove 1850spublished andstrong waspro-[[Union an(American earlyCivil supporterWar)|Union]] ofcolumns supporting the policies of [[RepublicanPresident Partyof the (United States)|Republican PartyPresident]]. During the [[AmericanAbraham Civil WarLincoln]] the paper's editor was the brother-in-lawand of [[Governor of Indiana|Indiana Governorgovernor]] [[Oliver P. Morton]]. During the war, andthe published''Journal''{{'}}s columnsdaily andcirculation propagandareached on6,000; behalfwhile that of Morton.the The[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]] and southern[[Copperhead sympathetic(politics)|Copperhead]]-aligned ''[[Indianapolis Sentinel]]'' saw a decline in its daily readership due to interference and shutdowns enforced by Morton.<ref>{{cite book|title=Dark lanterns: secret political societies, conspiracies, and treason trials in the Civil War|author=Klement, Frank L.|page=232|isbn=0-8071-1567-3|year=1984|publisher=LSU Press}}</ref>
 
The Journal purchased several other Indianapolis newspapers during Sulgrove's ownership. These included the ''Atlas'' in 1861, the ''Evening Gazette'' in 1867, the ''Evening Commercial'' in 1871, and the ''Daily Times'' in 1879.<ref name=":0" />
 
▲In 1880 Martindale sold the paper to [[John C. New]], a banker, attorney, and leading figure in the localIndianapolis-area Republican Partyfigure, inpurchased the [[Indianapolis]]''Journal'' areain 1880. New's leadership helped the paper excel, dramatically increasing its readership. OtherIn 1886, New bought the ''[[Indianapolis Times|Indianapolis TImes]]'', which was published in the afternoon. rivalRival papers, including the ''Indianapolis Mirror,'' went out of business, leaving the ''Journal'' as the only daily newspaper in the Indianapolis metropolitan area.<ref name =":0" /><ref name="va">{{cite book|title=James Whitcomb Riley: a life|author=Van Allen, Elizabeth J.|publisher=[[Indiana University]] Press|year= 1999|isbn=0-253-33591-4|page=162}}
▲</ref>
 
▲The paper featured regular columns from famous writers and figures including [[James Whitcomb Riley]], [[Benjamin Harrison]], and [[Eugene V. Debs]]. TheRiley's poem "[[Little Orphant Annie]], by Riley," was first published in the paper in 1885.<ref name = "va" /> During most of its history, itthe carriedpaper consisted of eight 31x45{{Convert|31 inchx 45|in||abbr=|adj=on}} pages and at its peak had a circulation of 11,000.
 
▲The paper commonly supported Republican candidates for office, and published editorials supporting Republicans positions. During the late nineteenth century competition from the ''[[Indianapolis Star]]'' began a decline in the ''Journal'''s readership. The ''Star'' eventually took a majority readership in the region. andCharles S. Henry bought the paper from the New family in 1903, but sold it to the ''JournalStar'' eventuallyin closedJune because1904. The combined papers were published as the ''Star and Journal'' until October of financialthat difficultiesyear, inat 1904which time the ''Journal'' was dropped from the paper's name.<ref name=":0" />
 
==References==
{{reflist}}
*[http://indiananewspapers.wordpress.com/2013/08/16/indjournalhistory/ A Brief History of the Indianapolis Journal] from the State Library's Historic Newspaper Digitization Blog▼
*{{cite book|title=Rosswell's American Newspaper Directory|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=vyoiAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA28&dq=indianapolis+mirror+newspaper&hl=en&ei=2cbiS-78GYLKNfWDnbMD&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDsQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=true|page=28}}▼
*{{cite book|title=James Whitcomb Riley: a life|author=Van Allen, Elizabeth J.|publisher=[[Indiana University]] Press|year= 1999|isbn=0-253-33591-4|page=162}}▼
 
 
▲*[http://indiananewspapersblog.wordpressnewspapers.com/2013/08/16library.in.gov/indjournalhistory/ A Brief History of the Indianapolis Journal] from the State Library's Historic Newspaper Digitization Blog
▲*{{cite book|title=Rosswell's American Newspaper Directory|year = 1869|url=httphttps://books.google.com/books?id=vyoiAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA28&dq=indianapolis+mirror+newspaper&hlpg=en&ei=2cbiS-78GYLKNfWDnbMD&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDsQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=truePA28|page=28}}
▲*{{cite book|title=James Whitcomb Riley: a life|author=Van Allen, Elizabeth J.|publisher=[[Indiana University]] Press|year= 1999|isbn=0-253-33591-4|page=162}}
 
[[Category:MediaMass media in Indianapolis, Indiana]]
[[Category:PublicationsNewspapers established in 1823]]
[[Category:Publications disestablished in 1904]]
[[Category:Newspapers published in Indiana]]
[[Category:Defunct newspapers ofpublished in Indiana]]
[[Category:1823 establishments in Indiana]]
[[Category:1904 disestablishments in Indiana]]
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