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==Language==
[[Yinjibarndi language|Yindjibarndi]], with around 1000 speakers, has been called the most innovative descendant of then [[Ngayarda languages|proto-Ngayarta language]].{{sfn|O'Grady|Hale|2004|p=71}} It is mutually intelligible with [[Kurrama language|Kurruma]]. Due to their displacement in the colonisation process, which forced them into Roebourne, many speakers are [[Ngarluma]] people who have adopted Yindjibarndi. Their spatial concepts regarding landscape of do not translate with any equivalent conceptual extension into English.{{sfn|Mark|Turk|2003|pp=29–45}}{{sfn|Turk|Mark|O'Meara|Stea|2012|pp=368–391}}
==Country==
Yindjibarndi ancestral territory has been estimated to cover approximately {{convert|5,000|mi2|km2}}. It is located on the lower [[Hamersley Range]] plateau south of the [[Pialin]] at the junction of [[Portland Creek]] with the [[Fortescue River]], east along a line formed by the edge of the scarp facing the eastern headwaters of [[Yule River]]; east along the [[Fortescue River]] to [[Marana Pool]], about 10 miles west of [[Kudaidari]]. South to the clifflike north-facing scarp of the higher [[Hamersley Range]] plateau roughly along a line from [[Mount Elvira]] east-southeast to [[Mount George (Western Australia)|Mount George]]. The southern boundary is marked by the change from open porcupine grass country to the densely thicketed mulga country extending south.{{sfn|Tindale|1974}}
==Ecology==
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==Native title==
{{further |Native title in Australia}}
The Yindjibardni people, alongside the [[Ngarluma]] people, are
The mining magnate [[Andrew Forrest]], head of [[Fortescue Metals Group]] (FMG), which extracts ore at the [[Firetail mine|Solomon iron ore hub]] on the Yindjibarndi's traditional land, waged a 14-year legal battle to assert the company's rights over use of the land. In 2017, the [[Federal Court of Australia]] recognised that the Yindjibarndi had exclusive [[native title in Australia |native title rights]] over some {{convert|2700|km2|mi2}}, and the court reaffirmed its decision in 2020 when FMG appealed to have the determination overturned.{{sfn|Jenkins|2020}} In 2022 the [[Yindjibarndi Aboriginal Corporation]] (YAC) asked the Federal Court to rule on compensation, after attempts to negotiate an [[Indigenous land use agreement]] had stalled.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Robinson |first=Tom |date=6 November 2022 |title=Yindjibarndi people ask for landmark Fortescue Metals case to be heard on-country in remote WA |work=[[ABC News (Australia)]] |url=https://amp.abc.net.au/article/101613690 |access-date=2022-11-26}}</ref> {{as of |2023}} YAC continues its battle in the courts for compensation. They are seeking unpaid royalties of more than {{AUD|500 million}}, as well as damages that could amount to more hundreds of millions, for "loss of [[Aboriginal sacred site|sacred sites]] and spiritual connection to the land". The claim was initially discussed at a meeting between FMG and YAC in March 2011. The [[Western Australian Government]] may also bear responsibility for allowing the mining to take place without the permission of the Yindjibarndi people. The lawyer acting for the YAC sees it as a landmark case, as it would be "the first case that sets down the benchmark for compensation to be paid under the ''[[Native Title Act 1993|Native Title Act]]'' by a miner".<ref>{{cite web | last=Mercer | first=Daniel | title=Legal fight between Yindjibarndi and Andrew Forrest cuts to the heart of Australia's native title rights | website=ABC News | date=14 August 2023 | url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-08-13/native-title-rights-on-trial-fmg-yindjibarndi-andrew-forrest/102716272 | access-date=13 August 2023}}</ref>
▲Yindjibardni people, alongside the [[Ngarluma]] people, are also a party to the land access agreement for the [[Woodside Energy|Woodside]]-operated [[North West Shelf Gas Project]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ngarluma Yindjibarndi Foundation |url=https://www.businessnews.com.au/Company/Ngarluma-Yindjibarndi-Foundation |access-date=2022-11-26 |website=Business News |language=en}}</ref> executed in 1998. Under the agreement, [[Ngarluma]] and Yindjibarndi people remain the [[traditional owner]] representatives for the [[North West Shelf Venture|North West Shelf Project]] area, which includes the [[Karratha Gas Plant]].
==Notes==
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* {{Cite book |last=Tindale |first=Norman Barnett |author-link=Norman Tindale |year=1974 |title=Aboriginal Tribes of Australia: Their Terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits, and Proper Names |publisher=Australian National University |isbn=978-0-708-10741-6}}
*{{cite book| chapter = Geography: Documenting Terms for Landscape Features
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