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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2013}}
[[File:Early Medieval Scotland areas.png|thumb|right|Political centres in Scotland in the early Middle Ages]]
The '''Kingdom of Alba''' ({{lang-la|Scotia}}; {{lang-
Alba included [[Dál Riata|Dalriada]], but
Until the early 13th century, [[Province of Moray|Moray]] was not considered part of Alba, which was seen as extending only between the Firth of Forth and the [[River Spey]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Broun |first=Dauvit |year=2007 |title=Scottish Independence and the Idea of Britain From the Picts to Alexander III |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JaliXwNMpFsC |page= 7|publisher=Edinburgh University Press |location=Edinburgh |isbn=9780748623617}}</ref>
The name of Alba is one of convenience, as throughout this period both the ruling and lower classes of the kingdom were predominantly Pictish-Gaels, later Pictish-Gaels and [[Scoto-Norman]]s. This differs markedly from the period of the [[House of Stuart]], beginning in 1371, in which the ruling classes of the kingdom mostly spoke [[Middle English]], which later evolved into and came to be called [[History of the Scots language|Lowland Scots]]. There is no precise Gaelic equivalent for the English term "Kingdom of Alba", as the [[Scottish Gaelic language|Gaelic]] term ''Rìoghachd na h-Alba'' means 'Kingdom of Scotland'. English-speaking scholars adapted the Gaelic name for Scotland to apply to a particular political period in Scottish history, during the [[High Middle Ages]].
==Royal court==
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* {{cite book |last=Bartlett |first=Robert |authorlink=Robert Bartlett (historian)|title=The Making of Europe: Conquest, Colonization, and Cultural Change, 950–1350|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qVnMDwAAQBAJ&pg=PP1 |year=1993|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-03780-6}}
* {{cite book |last=Broun |first=Dauvit |author-link=Dauvit Broun |chapter=Defining Scotland and the Scots Before the Wars of Independence |editor1=Dauvit Broun |editor2=Richard J. Finlay |editor3=Michael Lynch |title=Image and Identity: The Making and Re-making of Scotland Through the Ages |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TIpnAAAAMAAJ&pg=PP1 |year=1998|publisher=John Donald Publishers |isbn=978-0-85976-409-4|pages=4–17}}
* {{cite journal |last=Broun |first=Dauvit |title=Dunkeld and the origin of Scottish identity |journal=[[Innes Review]] |volume=48 |issue=2 |date=Autumn 1997 |doi=10.3366/inr.1997.48.2.112 |pages=112–124 |url=https://www.euppublishing.com/doi/abs/10.3366/inr.1997.48.2.112}} Reprinted in {{cite book |title=Spes Scotorum |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jTnZAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA95 |pages=95–111|isbn = 9780567086822|last1 = Broun|first1 = Dauvit|last2 = Clancy|first2 = Thomas Owen|year = 1999| publisher=T&T Clark }}
* {{cite book |last=Broun |first=Dauvit |editor=Huw Pryce |title=Literacy in Medieval Celtic Societies |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uPFjLITLW7YC&pg=PA183|year=1998|publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-57039-8|pages=183–201|chapter=Gaelic Literacy in Eastern Scotland between 1124 and 1249}}
* {{cite book |last=Broun |first=Dauvit |title=The Irish Identity of the Kingdom of the Scots in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XHm5goENiAoC&pg=PP1 |year=1999|publisher=The Boydell Press |isbn=978-0-85115-375-9}}
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