1890–91 United States Senate elections: Difference between revisions

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Line 1: {{Short description\|none}} {{Infobox election \| election_name = =1890–91 United States Senate elections~~, 1890 and 1891~~ \| country = United States \| flag_year = 1890 \| type = legislative \| ongoing = no \| previous_election = 1888–89 United States Senate elections~~, 1888 and 1889~~ \| previous_year = {{Nowrap\|1888 & ~~= 1888/89~~1889}} \| next_election = =1892–93 United States Senate elections~~, 1892 and 1893~~ \| next_year = {{Nowrap\|1892 & ~~= 1892/93~~1893}} \| seats_for_election = 2829 of the 8588 seats in the [[United States ~~Senate\|U.S.~~ Senate]]~~<br/>~~ (as well as special elections) \| majority_seats = 4345 \| election_date = Dates vary by state \| 1blank = Seats up \| image_size = x180px \| party1 = Republican Party (~~United States~~US) \| leader1 = [[George F. Edmunds]]{{efn \| as [[Chairman of the Senate Republican Conference\|Republican Conference Chair]]}}<br/>(retired) ~~\| seats_before1 = '''47'''~~ \| image1 = George F. Edmunds - Brady-Handy.jpg ~~\| seats_after1 = '''43'''~~ \| leader_since1 = March 4, 1885 ~~\| 1data1 = '''16'''~~ \| leaders_seat1 = [[List of United States senators from Vermont\|Vermont]] ~~\| seats1 = 12~~ \| seats_before1 = '''38''' ~~\| seat_change1 = {{decrease}} 4~~ \| seats_after1 = '''47''' \| 1data1 = '''16''' ~~\| party2 = Democratic Party (United States)~~ \| seats1 = 12 ~~\| seats_before2 = 37~~ \| seat_change1 = {{increase}} 9 ~~\| seats_after2 = 39~~ \| party2 = Democratic Party (US) ~~\| 1data2 = 12~~ \| leader2 = [[Arthur Pue Gorman]]{{efn \| as [[Democratic Caucus of the United States Senate\|Democratic Caucus Chair]]}} ~~\| seats2 = '''14'''~~ \| image2 = Arthur Pue Gorman.jpg ~~\| seat_change2 = {{increase}} 2~~ \| leader_since2 = March 4, 1889 \| leaders_seat2 = [[List of United States senators from Maryland\|Maryland]] ~~\| party4 = Populist Party (United States)~~ \| seats_before2 = 37 ~~\| seats_before4 = 0~~ \| seats_after2 = 39 ~~\| seats_after4 = 1~~ \| 1data2 = 12 ~~\| 1data4 = 0~~ \| seats2 = '''14''' ~~\| seats4 = 1~~ \| ~~seat_change4~~ seat_change2 = {{increase}} 12 \| party4 = People's Party (US) \| seats_before4 = 0 ~~\| party5 = Independent (United States)~~ \| ~~seats_before5~~ seats_after4 = 01 \| ~~seats_after5~~ 1data4 = 10 \| ~~1data5~~ seats4 = 01 \| seat_change4 = {{increase}} 1 ~~\| seats5 = 1~~ \| party5 = Independent (US) ~~\| seat_change5 = {{increase}} 1~~ \| seats_before5 = 0 \| seats_after5 = 1 ~~\| title = Majority Party~~ \| 1data5 = 0 ~~\| before_election = [[Republican Party (United States)\|Republican]]~~ \| seats5 = 1 ~~\| after_election = [[Republican Party (United States)\|Republican]]~~ \| seat_change5 = {{increase}} 1 \| title = Majority Party \| before_election = \| before_party = Republican Party (US) \| after_election = \| after_party = Republican Party (US) \| map_image = [[File:1890-91 senate map.svg\|380px]] \| map_caption = '''Results of the elections:'''<br />{{legend0\|#0671B0\|Democratic gain}} {{legend0\|#92C5DE\|Democratic hold}}<br /> {{Legend0\|#CA0120\|Republican gain}} {{legend0\|#F48882\|Republican hold}}<br /> {{Legend0\|#288B37\|Populist gain}} {{Legend0\|#666666\|Independent gain}} <br />{{legend0\|#000000\|Legislature failed to elect}} }} The '''1890–91 United States Senate elections''' were held on various dates in various states. As these [[United States Senate\|U.S. Senate]] elections were prior to the ratification of the [[Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution\|Seventeenth Amendment]] in 1913, senators were chosen by [[State legislature (United States)\|state legislatures]]. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1890 and 1891, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to [[Gridlock (politics)\|legislative deadlock]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/17th-amendment\|title=17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Direct Election of U.S. Senators (1913)\|website=National Archives and Records Administration\|date=February 8, 2022}}</ref> In these elections, terms were up for the senators in [[Classes of United States senators\|Class 3]]. The '''United States Senate elections of 1890 and 1891''' were elections in which the [[Republican Party (United States)\|Republican Party]] lost four seats in the [[United States Senate]], though still retaining a slim majority. That majority was increased, however, upon the admission of two more states with Republican senators. The [[Republican Party (United States)\|Republican Party]] lost four seats, though still retaining a slim majority. That majority was increased, however, upon the admission of two more states with Republican senators. As this election was prior to ratification of the [[Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution\|seventeenth amendment]], senators were chosen by [[State legislature (United States)\|State legislatures]]. == Results summary == Senate ~~Party~~party ~~Division~~division, [[52nd United States Congress\|52nd Congress]] (1891–1893) * Majority ~~Party~~party: Republican (4647) * Minority ~~Party~~party: Democratic (3739) * Other ~~Parties~~parties: Populist (2) * '''Total ~~Seats~~seats: 8588''' == Change in Senate composition == Line 449 ⟶ 458: ! Senator ! Party ! Electoral <br/>history \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Montana\|Montana]]<br/>(Class 1) \| colspan=3 rowspan=2 \| ''New state'' \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Montana admitted to the Union November 8, 1889.<br/>First senator [[United States Senate elections in Montana, 1890\|elected]] '''January 1, 1890'''.<ref name=MTElection>{{cite web \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uS5HAQAAIAAJ \| title=Congressional Series of United States Public Documents \| volume=3064 \| date=1893 \| publisher=[[Government Printing Office]] \| page=64}}</ref><br/>His election was challenged based on the legitimacy of the nascent state legislature.<br/>The Senate resolved the dispute in his favor April 16, 1890, and he was seated that day.{{sfn\|Taft, et al. \| p=727}}<br/>'''Republican gain'''. \| nowrap \| {{Plainlist\| ~~\| nowrap \| '''√ [[Wilbur F. Sanders]]''' (Republican)<br/>[[William A. Clark]] (Democratic)~~ * {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''[[Wilbur F. Sanders]]''' (Republican) * {{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}}[[William A. Clark]] (Democratic) }} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Montana\|Montana]]<br/>(Class 2) \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Montana admitted to the Union November 8, 1889.<br/>Second senator [[United States Senate elections in Montana, 1890\|elected]] '''January 2, 1890'''.<ref name=MTElection/><br/>His election was challenged based on the legitimacy of the nascent state legislature.<br/>The Senate resolved the dispute in his favor April 16, 1890, and he was seated that day.{{sfn\|Taft, et al. \| p=727}}<br/>'''Republican gain'''. ~~\| colspan=3 \| New state~~ \| nowrap \| {{Plainlist\| \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Montana admitted to the Union November 8, 1889.<br/>First senator [[United States Senate elections in Montana, 1890\|elected]] '''January 2, 1890'''.<ref name=MTElection/><br/>His election was challenged based on the legitimacy of the nascent state legislature.<br/>The Senate resolved the dispute in his favor April 16, 1890 and he was seated that day.{{sfn\|Taft, et al. \| p=727}}<br/>'''Republican gain'''. \|* ~~nowrap~~{{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[Thomas C. Power]]''' (Republican~~)<br/>[[Martin Maginnis]] (Democratic~~) * {{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}}[[Martin Maginnis]] (Democratic) }} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Kentucky\|Kentucky]]<br/>(Class 2) \| [[James B. Beck]] \| {{Party shading/Democratic}} \| Democratic \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate election in Kentucky, 1876\|1876]]<br/>[[United States Senate election in Kentucky, 1882\|1882]]<br/>[[United States Senate election in Kentucky, 1888\|1888]] \| {{Party shading/Democratic/Hold}} \| Incumbent died May 3, 1890.<br/>Winner [[United States Senate election in Kentucky, 1890\|elected]] '''May 26, 1890'''.<br/>Democratic hold. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[John G. Carlisle]]''' (~~Republican~~Democratic)<br/>{{dmdata missing\|date=February 2020}} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Wyoming\|Wyoming]]<br/>(Class 2) \| colspan=3 rowspan=2 \| ''New state'' \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Wyoming admitted to the Union July 10, 1890.<br/>First senator [[United States Senate elections in Wyoming, 1890\|elected]] '''November 15, 1890'''.<br/>'''Republican gain'''. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[Joseph M. Carey]]''' (Republican) 39 votes<brref name="Wyoming 1890 Elections"/><br>{{dmParty stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}} [[George W. Baxter]] (Democratic) 7 votes<ref name="Wyoming 1890 Elections"/> \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Wyoming\|Wyoming]]<br/>(Class 1) ~~\| colspan=3 \| New state~~ \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Wyoming admitted to the Union July 10, 1890.<br/>First senator [[United States Senate elections in Wyoming, 1890\|elected]] '''November 18, 1890'''.<br/>'''Republican gain'''. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''[[Francis E. Warren]]''' (Republican) 29 votes<ref name="Wyoming 1890 Elections">{{Cite book \|last=Goodspeed \|first=Weston Arthur \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=meQyAQAAIAAJ&dq=Joseph+M.+Carey&pg=PA383 \|title=Iowa, Nebraska, Wyoming \|date=1904 \|publisher=University of California \|page=382 \|via=Google Books}}</ref><br>{{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}} [[Henry A. Coffeen]] (Democratic) 9 votes<ref name="Wyoming 1890 Elections"/><br>{{Party stripe\|Independent}} M. C. Brown 7 votes<ref name="Wyoming 1890 Elections"/><br>{{Party stripe\|Independent}} John McCormick 3 votes<ref name="Wyoming 1890 Elections"/><br>{{Party stripe\|Independent}} H. R. Mann 1 vote<ref name="Wyoming 1890 Elections"/> ~~\| nowrap \| '''√ [[Francis E. Warren]]''' (Republican)<br/>{{dm}}~~ \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Idaho\|Idaho]]<br/>(Class 2) \| colspan=3 rowspan=2 \| ''New state'' \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Idaho admitted to the Union July 3, 1890.<br/>First senator [[United States Senate elections in Idaho, 1890\|elected]] '''December 18, 1890'''.<br/>'''Republican gain'''. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[George L. Shoup]]''' (Republican)<br/>{{dmdata missing\|date=February 2020}} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Idaho\|Idaho]]<br/>(Class 3) ~~\| colspan=3 \| New state~~ \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Idaho admitted to the Union July 3, 1890.<br/>First senator [[United States Senate elections in Idaho, 1890\|elected]] '''December 18, 1890'''.<br/>'''Republican gain'''. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[William J. McConnell]]''' (Republican)<br/>{{dmdata missing\|date=February 2020}} \|} Line 499 ⟶ 511: === Races leading to the 52nd Congress === In these ~~general~~regular elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1891; ordered by state. All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats. Line 517 ⟶ 529: \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Alabama\|Alabama]] \| [[James L. Pugh]] \| {{Party shading/Democratic}} \| Democratic \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate special election in Alabama, 1880\|1880 {{small\|(~~Special~~special)}}]]<br/>[[United States Senate election in Alabama, 1884\|1884]] \| Incumbent [[United States Senate election in Alabama, 1890\|re-elected]] in 1890. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[James L. Pugh]]''' (Democratic)<br/>{{dmdata missing\|date=February 2020}} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Arkansas\|Arkansas]] \| [[James Kimbrough Jones\|James K. Jones]] \| {{Party shading/Democratic}} \| Democratic \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate election in Arkansas, 1885\|1885]] \| Incumbent [[United States Senate election in Arkansas, 1891\|re-elected]] in 1891. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[James Kimbrough Jones\|James K. Jones]]''' (Democratic)<br/>{{dmdata missing\|date=February 2020}} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from California\|California]] \| [[Leland Stanford]] \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Republican \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate election in California, 1885\|1885]] \| Incumbent [[United States Senate election in California, 1891\|re-elected]] in 1891. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[Leland Stanford]]''' (Republican)<br/>{{dmdata missing\|date=February 2020}} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Colorado\|Colorado]] \| [[Henry M. Teller]] \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Republican \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate election in Colorado, 1885\|1885]] \| Incumbent [[United States Senate election in Colorado, 1891\|re-elected]] in 1891. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[Henry M. Teller]]''' (Republican)<br/>{{dmdata missing\|date=February 2020}} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Connecticut\|Connecticut]] \| [[Orville H. Platt]] \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Republican \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate election in Connecticut, 1879\|1879]]<br/>[[United States Senate election in Connecticut, 1885\|1885]] \| Incumbent [[United States Senate election in Connecticut, 1891\|re-elected]] in 1891. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[Orville H. Platt]]''' (Republican)<br/>{{dmdata missing\|date=February 2020}} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Florida\|Florida]] \| [[Wilkinson Call]] \| {{Party shading/Democratic}} \| Democratic Line 565 ⟶ 577: \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Georgia\|Georgia]] \| [[Joseph E. Brown]] \| {{Party shading/Democratic}} \| Democratic \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate special election in Georgia, 1880\|1880 {{small\|(~~Special~~special)}}]]<br/>[[United States Senate election in Georgia, 1885\|1885]] \| {{Party shading/Democratic/Hold}} \| Incumbent retired due to illness.<br/>Winner elected on an unknown date.<br/>Democratic hold. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[John Brown Gordon\|John B. Gordon]]''' (Democratic)<br/>{{dmdata missing\|date=February 2020}} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Idaho\|Idaho]] \| [[William J. McConnell]] \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Republican \| [[United States Senate elections in Idaho, 1890\|1890]] \| {{Party shading/Republican/Hold}} \| McConnell was elected only to finish the term, see above, and thereafter retired.<br/>Winner [[United States Senate elections in Idaho, 1890\|elected]] December 18, 1890.<br/>Republican hold. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[Fred Dubois]]''' (Republican)<br/>{{dmdata missing\|date=February 2020}} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Illinois\|Illinois]] \| [[~~John~~Charles AB. ~~Logan~~Farwell]] \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Republican \| nowrap \| [[1886 and 1887 United States Senate ~~election in~~ elections#Illinois, ~~1885~~(special)\|~~1885~~1887]] \| {{Party shading/Democratic}} \| Incumbent ~~retired~~not renominated by the Republican caucus.<ref>RICHARD J. OGLESBY THE NOMINEE. Chicago Daily Tribune (1872-1922); Chicago, Ill. [Chicago, Ill]. 16 Jan 1891: 4.</ref><br/>Winner [[1891 United States Senate election in Illinois~~, 1890~~\|elected]] inon ~~1890~~March 11, 1891, after 154 ballots.<ref name="Alson J. Streeter An Agrarian Liberal"/><br/>'''Democratic gain'''. \| nowrap \| {{Plainlist\| ~~\| nowrap \| '''√ [[John M. Palmer (politician)\|John M. Palmer]]''' (Democratic)<br/>{{dm}}~~ * {{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''[[John M. Palmer (politician)\|John M. Palmer]]''' 102 votes (Democratic)<ref name="Alson J. Streeter An Agrarian Liberal">{{cite news\|title=Alson J. Streeter: An Agrarian Liberal\|first=Alfred W.\|last=Newcombe\|journal=Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society\|volume=39\|number=1\|year=1946\|pages=68–95\|publisher=[[University of Illinois Press]]\|via=[[JSTOR]]}}</ref> * {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}} [[Cicero Lindly]] (Republican) 100 votes<ref name="Alson J. Streeter An Agrarian Liberal"/> * {{Party stripe\|People's Party (US)}}[[Alson Streeter]] ([[Farmers' Alliance]]) 1 vote<ref name="Alson J. Streeter An Agrarian Liberal"/>}} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Indiana\|Indiana]] \| [[Daniel W. Voorhees]] \| {{Party shading/Democratic}} \| Democratic \| nowrap \| 1877 {{small\|(Appointed)}}<br/>[[United States Senate special election in Indiana, 1879\|1879 {{small\|(~~Special~~special)}}]]<br/>[[United States Senate election in Indiana, 1885\|1885]] \| Incumbent [[United States Senate election in Indiana, 1891\|re-elected]] in 1891. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[Daniel W. Voorhees]]''' (Democratic)<br/>{{dmdata missing\|date=February 2020}} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Iowa\|Iowa]] \| [[William B. Allison]] \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Republican \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate election in Iowa, 1872\|1872]]<br/>[[United States Senate election in Iowa, 1878\|1878]]<br/>[[United States Senate election in Iowa, 1884\|1884]] \| Incumbent [[United States Senate election in Iowa, 1890\|re-elected]] March 5, 1890.{{sfn \| Clark \| p=221}} \| nowrap \| {{Plainlist\| ~~\| nowrap \| '''√ [[William B. Allison]]''' (Republican) 79 votes<br/>[[S.T. Bestow]] (Democratic) 63 votes<br/>[[William Larrabee (Iowa)\|William Larrabee]] (Republican) 8 votes{{sfn \| Clark \| p=221}}~~ * {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''[[William B. Allison]]''' (Republican) 79 votes * {{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}}[[Samuel L. Bestow]] (Democratic) 63 votes<ref>{{cite journal\|editor-last=Wilcox\|editor-first=Henry S.\|title=Election of U.S. Senator\|journal=Journal of the Iowa House of Representatives\|volume=23\|number=1\|pages=158–168\|date=March 5, 1890\|access-date=September 30, 2022\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RuFHAQAAMAAJ}}</ref> * {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}[[William Larrabee (Iowa)\|William Larrabee]] (Republican) 8 votes{{sfn \| Clark \| p=221}} }} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Kansas\|Kansas]] \| [[John James Ingalls\|John Ingalls]] \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Republican \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate election in Kansas, 1873\|1873]]<br/>[[United States Senate election in Kansas, 1879\|1879]]<br/>[[United States Senate election in Kansas, 1885\|1885]] \| {{Party shading/Populist}} \| Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>Winner [[1891 United States Senate election in Kansas~~, 1891~~\|elected]] in 1891.<br/>'''Populist gain'''. \| nowrap \| {{Plainlist\| ~~\| nowrap \| '''√ [[William A. Peffer]]''' (Populist)<br/>[[John James Ingalls\|John Ingalls]] (Republican)<br/>{{dm}}~~ * {{Party stripe\|People's Party (US)}} {{aye}} '''[[William A. Peffer]]''' (Populist) * {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}[[John James Ingalls\|John Ingalls]] (Republican)<br/>{{data missing\|date=February 2020}} }} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Kentucky\|Kentucky]] \| [[Joseph Clay Stiles Blackburn\|Joseph C. S. Blackburn]] \| {{Party shading/Democratic}} \| Democratic \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate election in Kentucky, 1884\|1884]] \| Incumbent [[United States Senate election in Kentucky, 1890\|re-elected]] in 1890. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[Joseph Clay Stiles Blackburn\|Joseph C. S. Blackburn]]''' (Democratic)<br/>{{dmdata missing\|date=February 2020}} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Louisiana\|Louisiana]] \| [[James B. Eustis]] \| {{Party shading/Democratic}} \| Democratic \| nowrap \| 1890 or 1891 \| {{Party shading/Democratic/Hold}} \| Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>Winner [[United States Senate election in Louisiana, 1891\|elected]] in 1891.<br/>Democratic hold. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[Edward Douglass White]]''' (Democratic)<br/>{{dmdata missing\|date=February 2020}} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Maryland\|Maryland]] \| [[Ephraim King Wilson II\|Ephraim Wilson]] \| {{Party shading/Democratic}} \| Democratic \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate election in Maryland, 1884\|1884]] \| {{Party shading/Loss}} \| Incumbent [[United States Senate election in Maryland, 1890\|re-elected]] in 1890~~.<br/>Incumbent~~, ~~winner~~but died February 24, 1891, before the beginning of the next term ~~and seat~~.<br/>Seat remained vacant until November 19, 1891.<br/>'''Democratic loss'''. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[Ephraim King Wilson II\|Ephraim Wilson]]''' (Democratic)<br/>{{dmdata missing\|date=February 2020}} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Missouri\|Missouri]] \| [[George G. Vest]] \| {{Party shading/Democratic}} \| Democratic \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate election in Missouri, 1879\|1879]]<br/>[[United States Senate election in Missouri, 1885\|1885]] \| Incumbent [[United States Senate election in Missouri, 1891\|re-elected]] in 1891. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[George G. Vest]]''' (Democratic)<br/>{{dmdata missing\|date=February 2020}} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Nevada\|Nevada]] \| [[John Percival Jones\|John P. Jones]] \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Republican \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate election in Nevada, 1879\|1879]]<br/>[[United States Senate election in Nevada, 1885\|1885]] \| Incumbent [[United States Senate election in Nevada, 1891\|re-elected]] in 1891. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[John Percival Jones\|John P. Jones]]''' (Republican)<br/>{{dmdata missing\|date=February 2020}} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from New Hampshire\|New Hampshire]] \| [[Henry W. Blair]] \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Republican \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate special election in New Hampshire, 1879\|1879]]<br/>1885 {{small\|(Appointed)}}<br/>[[United States Senate special election in New Hampshire, 1885\|1885 {{small\|(~~Special~~special)}}]] \| {{Party shading/Republican/Hold}} \| Incumbent lost renomination.<br/>Winner [[United States Senate election in New Hampshire, 1891\|elected]] in 1891.<br/>Republican hold. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[Jacob Harold Gallinger\|Jacob Gallinger]]''' (Republican)<br/>{{dmdata missing\|date=February 2020}} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from New York\|New York]] \| [[William M. Evarts]] \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Republican \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate election in New York, 1885\|1885]] \| {{Party shading/Democratic}} \| Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>Winner [[United States Senate election in New York, 1891\|elected]] January 21, 1891.<br/>'''Democratic gain'''. \| nowrap \| {{Plainlist\| ~~\| nowrap \| '''√ [[David B. Hill]]''' (Democratic) 81 votes<br/>[[William M. Evarts]] (Republican) 79 votes~~ * {{aye}} '''[[David B. Hill]]''' (Democratic) 81 votes * {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}[[William M. Evarts]] (Republican) 79 votes }} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from North Carolina\|North Carolina]] \| [[Zebulon Baird Vance\|Zebulon B. Vance]] \| {{Party shading/Democratic}} \| Democratic \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate election in North Carolina, 1879\|1879]]<br/>[[United States Senate election in North Carolina, 1884\|1884]] \| Incumbent [[United States Senate election in North Carolina, 1890\|re-elected]] in 1890. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[Zebulon Baird Vance\|Zebulon B. Vance]]''' (Democratic) \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from North Dakota\|North Dakota]] \| [[Gilbert A. Pierce]] \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Republican \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate elections in North Dakota, 1889\|1889]] \| {{Party shading/Republican/Hold}} \| Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>Winner [[United States Senate elections in North Dakota, 1891\|elected]] in 1891.<br/>Republican hold. \| nowrap \| {{Plainlist\| ~~\| nowrap \| '''√ [[Henry C. Hansbrough]]''' (Republican)<br/>[[Gilbert A. Pierce]] (Republican)<br/>{{dm}}~~ * {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''[[Henry C. Hansbrough]]''' (Republican) * {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}[[Gilbert A. Pierce]] (Republican)<br/>{{data missing\|date=February 2020}} }} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Ohio\|Ohio]] \| [[Henry B. Payne]] \| {{Party shading/Democratic}} \| Democratic \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate election in Ohio, 1884\|1884]] \| {{Party shading/Democratic/Hold}} \| Incumbent retired.<br/>Winner [[United States Senate election in Ohio, 1890\|elected]] January 15, 1890{{sfn\|Taylor & Taylor \| p=111, vol II}}<br/>Democratic hold. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[Calvin S. Brice]]''' (Democratic)<br/>{{dmdata missing\|date=February 2020}} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Oregon\|Oregon]] \| [[John H. Mitchell]] \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Republican \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate election in Oregon, 1885\|1885]] \| Incumbent [[United States Senate election in Oregon, 1890\|re-elected]] in 1890. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[John H. Mitchell]]''' (Republican)<br/>{{dmdata missing\|date=February 2020}} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Pennsylvania\|Pennsylvania]] \| [[J. Donald Cameron]] \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Republican \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania, 1877\|1877 {{small\|(~~Special~~special)}}]]<br/>[[United States Senate election in Pennsylvania, 1879\|1879]]<br/>[[United States Senate election in Pennsylvania, 1885\|1885]] \| Incumbent [[United States Senate election in Pennsylvania, 1891\|re-elected]] January 20, 1891. \| nowrap \| {{Plainlist\| ~~\| nowrap \| '''√ [[J. Donald Cameron]]''' (Republican) 144 votes<br/>[[Chauncey Forward Black\|Chauncey F. Black]] (Democratic) 94 votes<br/>Others 12 votes, [[#Pennsylvania\|see below]]~~ * {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''[[J. Donald Cameron]]''' (Republican) 144 votes * {{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}}[[Chauncey Forward Black\|Chauncey F. Black]] (Democratic) 94 votes * Others 12 votes, [[#Pennsylvania\|see below]] }} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from South Carolina\|South Carolina]] \| [[Wade Hampton III]] \| {{Party shading/Democratic}} \| Democratic \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate election in South Carolina, 1884\|1884]] \| {{Party shading/Democratic/Hold}} \| Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>[[United States Senate election in South Carolina, 1890\|re-elected]] in 1890.<br/>Democratic hold. \| nowrap \| {{Plainlist\| ~~\| '''√ [[John L. M. Irby]]''' (Democratic)<br/>[[Wade Hampton III]] (Democratic)<br/>{{dm}}~~ * {{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''[[John L. M. Irby]]''' (Democratic) * {{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}}[[Wade Hampton III]] (Democratic)<br/>{{data missing\|date=February 2020}} }} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from South Dakota\|South Dakota]] \| [[Gideon C. Moody]] \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Republican \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate elections in South Dakota, 1889\|1889]] \| {{Party shading/Independent (United States)}} \| Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>Winner [[United States Senate election in South Dakota, 1891\|elected]] February 16, 1891.<ref name=NYTSD>{{cite news \| work=[[The New York Times]] \| date=February 17, 1891 \| title= SENATOR JAMES H. KYLE. \| page=5 \|url=http://nyti.ms/2eFKaWJ}}</ref><br/>'''Independent gain'''.<br/>Winner later became a Populist. \| nowrap \| {{Plainlist\| ~~\| nowrap \| '''√ [[James H. Kyle]]''' (Independent) 75 votes<br/>[[Bartlett Tripp]] 8 votes<br/>[[Norman B. Campbell]] 1 vote<ref name=NYTSD/><br/>{{dm}}~~ * {{Party stripe\|Independent (US)}}{{aye}} '''[[James H. Kyle]]''' (Independent) 75 votes * {{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}}[[Bartlett Tripp]] (Democratic) 8 votes * {{Party stripe\|Unknown}}[[Norman B. Campbell]] (Unknown) 1 vote<ref name=NYTSD/><ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiug.30112108173789&view=1up&seq=695\|title=Proceedings of the House of Representatives, ... Legislative session, State of South Dakota\|year=1923\|publisher=Published under the direction and authority of the Legislature}}</ref> }} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Vermont\|Vermont]] \| [[Justin S. Morrill]] \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Republican \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate election in Vermont, 1866\|1866]]<br/>[[United States Senate election in Vermont, 1872\|1872]]<br/>[[United States Senate election in Vermont, 1878\|1878]]<br/>[[United States Senate election in Vermont, 1884\|1884]] \| Incumbent [[United States Senate election in Vermont, 1890\|re-elected]] in 1890. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[Justin S. Morrill]]''' (Republican)<br/>{{dmdata missing\|date=February 2020}} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Washington\|Washington]] \| [[Watson C. Squire]] \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Republican \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate elections in Washington, 1889\|1889]] \| Incumbent [[United States Senate election in Washington, 1891\|re-elected]] in 1891. \| nowrap \| {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''√ [[Watson C. Squire]]''' (Republican)<br/>{{dmdata missing\|date=February 2020}} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Wisconsin\|Wisconsin]] \| [[John Coit Spooner\|John C. Spooner]] \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Republican \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate election in Wisconsin, 1885\|1885]] \| {{Party shading/Democratic}} \| Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>Winner [[United States Senate election in Wisconsin, 1890\|elected]] inJanuary ~~1890~~28, 1891.<br/>'''Democratic gain'''. \| nowrap \| {{Plainlist\| ~~\| nowrap \| '''√ [[William F. Vilas]]''' (Democratic)<br/>[[John Coit Spooner\|John C. Spooner]] (Republican)<br/>{{dm}}~~ * {{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}}{{aye}} '''[[William F. Vilas]]''' (Democratic) 61.7% * {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}[[John Coit Spooner\|John C. Spooner]] (Republican) 33.8% * ''Null vote'' 4.5% }} \|} Line 764 ⟶ 806: ! Senator ! Party ! Electoral <br/>history \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from California\|California]]<br/>(Class 1) \| [[George Hearst]] \| {{Party shading/Democratic}} \| Democratic \| nowrap \| [[United States Senate election in California, 1887\|1887]] \| {{Party shading/Republican}} \| Incumbent died February 28, 1891.<br/>~~Winner~~New senator was elected '''March 19, 1891'''.<br/>'''Republican gain'''. \| nowrap \| {{Plainlist \| ~~\| '''√ [[Charles N. Felton]]''' (Republican)<br/>{{dm}}~~ * {{Party stripe\|Republican Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Charles N. Felton]]''' (Republican) * {{data missing\|date=February 2020}} }} \|- \|! [[List of United States ~~Senators~~senators from Florida\|Florida]]<br/>(Class 3) \| colspan=3 \| ''Vacant'' \| {{Party shading/Democratic}} \| Legislature had failed to elect, see above.<br/>~~Incumbent~~Predecessor <!--[[1891 United States Senate election in Florida~~, 1891~~\|re-elected]]-->re-elected '''May 26, 1891'''.<ref>{{cite news \| url=http://nyti.ms/2e2dtY7 \| title= CALL DECLARED ELECTED. \| work=[[The New York Times]] \| date=May 26, 1891 \| page=1 }}</ref><br/>'''Democratic gain'''. \| nowrap \| {{Plainlist \| ~~\| nowrap \| '''√ [[Wilkinson Call]]''' (Democratic)<br/>{{dm}}~~ * {{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[Wilkinson Call]]''' (Democratic) * {{data missing\|date=February 2020}} }} \|- ! [[List of United States senators from Virginia\|Virginia]]<br/>(Class 1) \| [[John W. Daniel]] \| {{Party shading/Democratic}} \| Democratic \| [[1887 United States Senate elections in Virginia\|1887]] \| Incumbent <!--[[1891 United States Senate election in Virginia\|re-elected early]]-->re-elected early '''December 16, 1891''' for the term beginning March 4, 1893.<ref>{{Cite book \|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433014925972&view=1up&seq=141 \|title=Journal of the House of Delegates of the Commonwealth of Virginia 1891-1892 \|pages=135 \|language=en \| access-date=March 11, 2020}}</ref> \| nowrap \| {{Plainlist \| * {{Party stripe\|Democratic Party (US)}}{{Aye}} '''[[John W. Daniel]]''' (Democratic) * {{data missing\|date=March 2020}} }} \|} == ~~Complete list of races~~Idaho == [[File:Georgelshoup.jpg\|thumb\|125px\|Senator [[George L. Shoup\|George Shoup]]<br/>'''(class 2)''']] {{multiple image \| align = \| direction = \| width = \| caption_align = center \| header_align = center \| header = Idaho class 3 senator \| image1 = Williammcconnell.jpg \| width1 = 98 \| alt1 = William J. McConnell \| caption1 = [[William J. McConnell]]<br/>(December 18, 1890 – March 3, 1891) \| image2 = Sen. Fred T. Dubois of Idaho LCCN2016821673 (cropped).jpg \| width2 = 125 \| alt2 = Fred Dubois \| caption2 = [[Fred Dubois]]<br/>(March 4, 1891 – March 3, 1897) }} {{Main\|1890 United States Senate elections in Idaho}} {{See also\|List of United States senators from Idaho\|1890 United States House of Representatives elections in Idaho}} In July 1890, Idaho became a state. In November, [[Fred Dubois]] helped engineer a plan for the [[Idaho Legislature]] to effectively elect three people to the [[United States Senate\|U.S. Senate]]: Governor [[George L. Shoup\|George Shoup]] to the class 2 seat up for election in 1894, state constitutional convention member [[William J. McConnell]] to serve for the remainder of the [[Fifty-first United States Congress]], ending in March 1891, and Dubois himself to succeed McConnell and serve a full six-year term in the class 3 seat beginning in March 1891. {{Clear}} == Maryland == <!-- {{Main\|1890 United States Senate election in Maryland}} --> {{See also\|List of United States senators from Maryland}} {{Expand section\|date=November 2022}} {{Infobox election \| election_name = 1890 United States Senate election in Maryland \| popular_vote1 = '''-''' \| colour1 = B0CEFF \| percentage1 = '''-%''' \| party1 = Democratic Party (United States) \| candidate1 = '''[[Ephraim King Wilson II]]''' \| image1 = WILSON, Ephraim King, (1821 - 1891).jpg \| popular_vote2 = \| colour2 = \| percentage2 = % \| party2 = \| candidate2 = \| image2 = \| next_year = 1892 \| next_election = 1892 United States Senate special election in Maryland \| previous_year = 1884 \| previous_election = 1884 United States Senate election in Maryland \| votes_for_election = 80 members of the [[Maryland General Assembly]] \| vote_type = Legislative \| election_date = January 1890 \| type = presidential }} [[Ephraim King Wilson II]] was re-elected by an unknown margin of votes, for the Class 3 seat.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=122955\|title=Our Campaigns - MD US Senate Race - Jan 00, 1890\|access-date=2022-11-05\|website=www.ourcampaigns.com}}</ref> {{Clear}} ~~=== Idaho ===~~ In July 1890, Idaho became a state. In November, [[Fred Dubois]] helped engineer a plan for the [[Idaho Legislature]] to effectively elect three people to the [[United States Senate\|U.S. Senate]]: Governor [[George L. Shoup\|George Shoup]] to the Class 2 seat up for election in 1894, state constitutional convention member [[William J. McConnell]] to serve for the remainder of the [[Fifty-first United States Congress]], ending in March 1891, and Dubois himself to succeed McConnell and serve a full six-year term in the Class 3 seat beginning in March 1891. === New York === [[File:DavidBennettHill.png\|thumb\|125px\|Senator [[David B. Hill]]]] ~~{{main article\|United States Senate election in New York, 1891}}~~ {{Main\|1891 United States Senate election in New York}} {{See also\|List of United States senators from New York\|1890 United States House of Representatives elections in New York}} The New York election was held January 20 and 21, 1891, by the [[New York State Legislature]]. Republican [[William M. Evarts]] had been elected to this seat in [[1885 United States Senate election in New York~~, 1885~~\|1885]], and his term would expire on March 3, 1891. At the [[1889 New York state election~~, 1889~~\|State election in November 1889]], 19 Republicans and 13 Democrats were elected for a two-year term (~~1890-1891~~1890–1891) in the State Senate. At the [[1890 New York state election~~, 1890~~\|State election in November 1890]], 68 Democrats and 60 Republicans were elected for the session of 1891 to the Assembly. The [[114th New York State Legislature]] met from January 6 to April 30, 1891, at [[Albany, New York]]. The Democratic caucus met on January 19, 74 State legislators attended, and State Senator [[John C. Jacobs]] presided. Governor [[David B. Hill]] was nominated by acclamation. Line 807 ⟶ 918: \|- \| [[New York State Senate\|State Senate]] <br/>(32 members) \| [[David B. Hill]] \| align="right" \| 13 \| {{Aye}} '''√ [[William M. Evarts]]''' \| align="right" \| '''19''' \|- \| [[New York State Assembly\|State Assembly]] <br/>(128 members) \| {{Aye}} '''√ [[David B. Hill]]''' \| align="right" \| '''65''' \| [[William M. Evarts]] Line 821 ⟶ 932: \|- \| [[New York State Legislature\|Joint ballot]] <br/>(160 members) \| {{Aye}} '''√ [[David B. Hill]]''' \| align="right" \| '''81 ''' \| [[William M. Evarts]] Line 831 ⟶ 942: The seat became vacant on March 4, 1891. [[David B. Hill]] remained in office as Governor of New York until December 31, 1891, and took his seat only on January 7, 1892, missing actually only one month of session. There were no special sessions during the [[52nd United States Congress]] and the regular session began only on December 7, 1891. Hill served a single term, and remained in the U.S. Senate until March 3, 1897. In January 1897, Hill was defeated for re-election by Republican [[Thomas C. Platt]] who had been a U.S. Senator briefly in 1881. {{Clear}} ~~=== Pennsylvania ===~~ ~~{{main article\|United States Senate election in Pennsylvania, 1891}}~~ The Pennsylvania election was held on January 20, 1891. [[J. Donald Cameron]] was re-elected by the [[Pennsylvania General Assembly]] to the [[United States Senate]].<ref name=results>{{cite web \| title=U.S. Senate Election - 20 January 1891 \| url=http://staffweb.wilkes.edu/harold.cox/sen/PaSen1891.pdf \| publisher=Wilkes University \| accessdate= December 22, 2013}}</ref> == Pennsylvania == The Pennsylvania General Assembly, consisting of the [[Pennsylvania House of Representatives\|House of Representatives]] and the [[Pennsylvania State Senate\|Senate]], convened on January 20, 1891. Incumbent [[Republican Party (United States)\|Republican]] [[J. Donald Cameron]], who was elected in an [[United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania, 1877\|1877 special election]] and re-elected in [[United States Senate election in Pennsylvania, 1879\|1879]] and [[United States Senate election in Pennsylvania, 1885\|1885]], was a successful candidate for re-election to another term. The results of the vote of both houses combined are as follows: [[File:James Donald Cameron Brady-Handy.jpg\|thumb\|125px\|Senator [[J. Donald Cameron]]]] {{Main\|1891 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania}} {{See also\|List of United States senators from Pennsylvania\|1890 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania}} The Pennsylvania election was held on January 20, 1891. [[J. Donald Cameron]] was re-elected by the [[Pennsylvania General Assembly]] to the [[United States Senate]].<ref name=results>{{cite web \| title=U.S. Senate Election - 20 January 1891 \| url=http://staffweb.wilkes.edu/harold.cox/sen/PaSen1891.pdf \| publisher=Wilkes University \| access-date= December 22, 2013}}</ref> The Pennsylvania General Assembly, consisting of the [[Pennsylvania House of Representatives\|House of Representatives]] and the [[Pennsylvania State Senate\|Senate]], convened on January 20, 1891. Incumbent [[Republican Party (United States)\|Republican]] [[J. Donald Cameron]], who was elected in an [[1877 United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania\|1877 special election]] and re-elected in [[1879 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania\|1879]] and [[1885 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania\|1885]], was a successful candidate for re-election to another term. The results of the vote of both houses combined are as follows: ~~{{Election box begin no change\| title=State Legislature Results<ref name=results/>}}~~ ~~{{Election box candidate with party link no change\|~~ {{Election box begin no change\| title=State Legislature Results<ref name=results/> ~~\|party = Republican Party (United States)~~ }} ~~\|candidate = '''[[J. Donald Cameron]]''' ([[Incumbent\|Inc.]])~~ {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change ~~\|votes = '''144'''~~ \| party = Republican Party (US) ~~\|percentage = '''56.69'''~~ \| candidate = [[J. Donald Cameron]] (Incumbent) ~~\|change =~~ \| votes = 144 \| percentage = 56.69 \| change = }} {{Election box candidate with party link no change\| \| party = Democratic Party (~~United States~~US) \| candidate = [[Chauncey Forward Black\|Chauncey F. Black]] \| votes = 94 \| \|percentage = 37.01 \| change = = }} {{Election box candidate with party link no change\| \| party = Republican Party (~~United States~~US) \| candidate = Austin L. Taggart \| votes = 7 \| \|percentage = 2.76 \| change = = }} {{Election box candidate with party link no change\| \| party = Republican Party (~~United States~~US) \| candidate = Theodore L. Flood \| votes = 3 \| \|percentage = 1.18 \| change = = }} {{Election box candidate with party link no change\| \| party = Democratic Party (~~United States~~US) \| candidate = J. C. Sibley \| votes = 1 \| \|percentage = 0.39 \| change = = }} {{Election box candidate with party link no change\| \| party = Republican Party (~~United States~~US) \| candidate = [[Harry White (Pennsylvania politician)\|Harry White]] \| votes = 1 \| \|percentage = 0.39 \| change = = }} {{Election box candidate no change\| \| party = N/A \| candidate = Not voting \| votes = 4 \| \|percentage = 1.57 \| change = = }} \|- Line 895 ⟶ 1,011: == See also == * [[1890 United States elections~~, 1890~~]] ** [[1890 United States House of Representatives elections~~, 1890~~]] * [[51st United States Congress]] * [[52nd United States Congress]] == Notes == {{~~Reflist~~notelist}} == References == {{Reflist}} == Further reading == * {{cite book \| last = Byrd \| first = Robert C. \| author-link1 = Robert Byrd \| editor1-first = Wendy \| editor1-last = Wolff \| title = The Senate, 1789-1989: Historical Statistics, ~~1789-1992~~1789–1992 \| edition = volume 4 Bicentennial \| department = [[United States Senate Historical Office]] Line 913 ⟶ 1,032: \| publisher = [[United States Government Publishing Office\|U.S. Government Printing Office]] \| date = October 1, 1993 \| isbn = 9780160632563 \| ref = {{sfnRef \| Byrd}} \| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=PeHByMYxVm8C }} Line 926 ⟶ 1,045: * {{cite web \| last = Cox \| first = Harold \| title = Pennsylvania Election Statistics: ~~1682-2006~~1682–2006 \| work = The Wilkes University Election Statistics Project \| publisher = Wilkes University Line 935 ⟶ 1,054: \| last1 = Taft \| first1 = George S. \| author-link1 = George S. Taft \| last2 = Furber \| first2 = George P. \| last3 = Buck \| first3 = George M. ~~\| author-link3 =~~ \| last4 = Webb \| first4 = Charles A. \| last5 = Pierce \| first5 = Herbert R. Line 957 ⟶ 1,076: \| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ztegAAAAMAAJ }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100106015301/http://www.gpoaccess.gov/serialset/cdocuments/hd108-222/52d.pdf Members of the 52nd United States Congress] * {{cite news \| url=https://~~query~~timesmachine.nytimes.com/~~mem~~timesmachine/~~archive-free~~1891/01/20/103291699.pdf~~?res=950CE1DE1F3BE533A25753C2A9679C94609ED7CF~~ \| title=EXIT DAVID BENNETT HILL \| work=[[The New York Times]] \| date=January 20, 1891}}, The headline expresses the erroneous belief that Hill, after his election, would resign the governorship and go to Washington, D.C. * {{cite news \| url=https://~~query~~timesmachine.nytimes.com/~~mem~~timesmachine/~~archive-free~~1891/01/21/103291858.pdf~~?res=9400EFDE1F3BE533A25752C2A9679C94609ED7CF~~ \| title=HILL'S FRIENDS NERVOUS \| work=[[The New York Times]] \| date=January 21, 1891}} * {{cite news \| url=https://~~query~~timesmachine.nytimes.com/~~mem~~timesmachine/~~archive-free~~1891/01/22/106046363.pdf~~?res=9F03E4D91239E033A25751C2A9679C94609ED7CF~~ \| title=HILL'S MAJORITY OF TWO \| work=[[The New York Times]] \| date=January 22, 1891}} * {{cite web \| title = Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present \| publisher = via Senate.gov \| url = ~~http~~https://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/history/one_item_and_teasers/partydiv.htm }} {{United States Senate elections}} ~~[[Category~~{{DEFAULTSORT:1890-91 United States Senate elections~~, 1890\| ]]~~}} [[Category:1890 United States Senate elections~~, 1891~~\| ]] [[Category:1891 United States Senate elections\| ]]