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{{short description|English politician}}
{{other uses|Whitbread (disambiguation)}}▼
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=April 2017}}
▲{{other uses|Whitbread (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Samuel Whitbread
| image = Samuel whitbread II by john opie.jpg
| image_size = 220px
| caption= Samuel Whitbread II by [[John Opie]]
| birth_date= {{birth date|1764|01|18|df=y}}
| birth_place=[[Cardington, Bedfordshire]],
| death_date= {{Death date and age|1815|07|06|1764|01|18|df=y}}
| death_place= [[Mayfair
| occupation= Politician
| spouse = {{marriage|Lady Elizabeth Grey|1787}}
| children = {{Plainlist|
*[[William Henry Whitbread]]
*[[Samuel Charles Whitbread]]}}
}}
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== Early life ==
Whitbread was born on 18 January 1764 in [[Cardington, Bedfordshire]], the son of the brewer [[Samuel Whitbread (1720–1796)|Samuel Whitbread]].<ref name = Ritchie24>Ritchie, p. 24.</ref> He was educated at [[Eton College]], [[Christ Church, Oxford]], and [[St John's College, Cambridge]],<ref>{{acad|id=WHTT782S|name=Whitbread}}</ref> after which he embarked on a European "[[Grand Tour]]", visiting Denmark, Sweden, Russia, Poland, [[Prussia]], France, and Italy. He returned to England in May 1786 and joined his father's successful brewing business.<ref>Ritchie, p. 34.</ref>
== Member of Parliament ==
Whitbread was elected as a [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] (MP) for [[Bedford (UK Parliament constituency)|Bedford]] in 1790
Whitbread took over the control of his father's estate, including [[Southill Park]] and the family brewing company following his father's death in 1796 and by the early 1810s, had introduced several new partners to bring investment to stabilise the finances of the company.<ref name = Ritchie24/> These included his cousin Jacob Whitbread and [[Martineau family|John Martineau]] (who would subsequently merge his brewery with Whitbreads in 1812).<ref name = Ritchie24/>
Whitbread admired [[Napoleon]] and his reforms in France and Europe. He hoped that many of Napoleon's reforms would be implemented in Britain. Throughout the [[Peninsular War]] he played down French defeats convinced that sooner or later Napoleon would triumph, and he did all he could to bring about a withdrawal of Britain from the continent. When Napoleon abdicated in 1814 he was devastated. Whitbread began to suffer from [[depression (mood)|depression]], and on the morning of 6 July 1815, he committed [[suicide]] by cutting his throat with a razor.▼
He raised a regiment of [[British Volunteer Corps|Volunteers]] in Bedford in 1803 and commanded it with the rank of [[Lieutenant colonel (United Kingdom)|Lieutenant-Colonel]].<ref>WO List 1805.</ref> In 1808 this became the [[1st Bedfordshire Local Militia]] and he shared the command with Lt-Col the [[Francis Russell, 7th Duke of Bedford|Marquess of Tavistock]].<ref>Burgoyne, pp. 56–8.</ref>
▲Whitbread admired [[Napoleon]] and his reforms in France and Europe. He hoped that many of Napoleon's reforms would be implemented in Britain. Throughout the [[Peninsular War]] he played down French defeats convinced that sooner or later Napoleon would triumph, and he did all he could to bring about a withdrawal of Britain from the continent. When Napoleon abdicated in 1814 he was devastated. Whitbread began to suffer from [[depression (mood)|depression]], and on the morning of 6 July 1815, he committed [[suicide]] by cutting his throat with a razor.<ref name = Ritchie45>Ritchie, p. 45.</ref>
The Hammonds comment that "Whitbread is a politician to whom history has done less than justice... His most notable quality was his vivid and energetic sympathy; he spent his life in hopeless battles and died by his own hand of public despair."<ref name="Hammonds"/>
==Family==
[[File:Portrait of Lady Elizabeth Whitbread, John Hoppner.jpg|thumb|Lady Elizabeth Whitbread]]
Whitbread married Lady Elizabeth (1765–1846), the eldest daughter of the first [[Charles Grey, 1st Earl Grey|Earl Grey]] on 26 December 1787.<ref name = Ritchie43>Ritchie, p. 43.</ref> Their sons, [[William Henry Whitbread]] and [[Samuel Charles Whitbread]], were also Members of Parliament.
[[Samuel Whitbread Academy]] in [[Central Bedfordshire]], England, is named after him.<ref>
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|publisher = www.bedfordshire.gov.uk
|accessdate = 2009-07-21
|
|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20081006141027/http://www.bedfordshire.gov.uk/CommunityAndLiving/ArchivesAndRecordOffice/CommunityArchives/Southill/TheWhitbreadFamily.aspx
|archivedate = 6 October 2008
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{{Reflist}}
==Sources==
== Further reading ==▼
* Lt-Col Sir John M. Burgoyne, Bart, ''Regimental Records of the Bedfordshire Militia 1759–1884'', London: W.H. Allen, 1884.
* Fulford, Roger. ''Samuel Whitbread, 1764-1815: A study in opposition,'' MacMillan, 1967. (ISBN B0000CNFHB)▼
* {{cite book|title=The Village Labourer 1760-1832 |first1=J. L. |last1=Hammond |first2=Barbara |last2=Hammond |author1-link=John Lawrence Hammond |author2-link=Barbara Hammond |publisher=Longman Green & Co. | date=1912 |url=https://archive.org/details/villagelabourer00hammiala |pages=}}
* {{cite book |last=Ritchie |first=Berry| date=1992 |title= An Uncommon Brewer, the Story of Whitbread |location=London |publisher=James & James |page= |isbn= 978-0907383369}}.
* War Office, ''A List of the Officers of the Militia, the Gentlemen & Yeomanry Cavalry, and Volunteer Infantry of the United Kingdom'', 11th Edn, London: War Office, 14 October 1805/Uckfield: Naval and Military Press, 2005, ISBN 978-1-84574-207-2.
* Charles Duke Yonge, ''The Life and Administration of Robert Banks, Second Earl of Liverpool, K. G., Late First Lord of the Treasury'', Macmillan and Company, 1868.
=== External links ===
* {{hansard-contribs | mr-samuel-whitbread-2 | Samuel Whitbread }}
▲* Fulford, Roger. ''Samuel Whitbread, 1764-1815: A study in opposition,'' MacMillan, 1967. (ISBN B0000CNFHB)
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[[Category:People educated at Eton College]]
[[Category:People from Cardington, Bedfordshire]]
[[Category:British politicians who
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