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{{Short description|Town in Stavropol Krai, Russia}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2011}}
{{Infobox Russian town
|en_name=Georgiyevsk
|ru_name=Георгиевск
|image_skyline=Никольская церковь Георгиевск.jpg
|image_caption=St. Nicholas Church of the Georgiyevsk Fortress
|coordinates = {{coord|44|09|N|43|28|E|display=inline,title}}
|map_label_position=right
|image_coa=Coat of Arms of Georgievsk (Stavropol krai) (2009).png
|coa_caption=
|image_flag=Flag of Georgievsk (Stavropol kray).png
|flag_caption=
|anthem=
|anthem_ref=
|holiday=
|holiday_ref=
|federal_subject=[[Stavropol Krai]]
|federal_subject_ref=<ref name="Ref372" />
|adm_data_as_of=July 2011
|adm_city_jur=[[city of federal subject significance|town of krai significance]] of Georgiyevsk
|adm_city_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref372" />
|adm_ctr_of1=town of krai significance of Georgiyevsk
|adm_ctr_of1_ref=<ref name="Ref372" />
|adm_ctr_of2=[[Georgiyevsky District]]
|adm_ctr_of2_ref=<ref name="Ref372" />
|inhabloc_cat=Town
|inhabloc_cat_ref=<ref name="Ref372" />
|inhabloc_type=
|inhabloc_type_ref=
|mun_data_as_of=July 2010
|urban_okrug_jur=Georgiyevsk Urban Okrug
|urban_okrug_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref893" />
|mun_admctr_of1=Georgiyevsk Urban Okrug
|mun_admctr_of1_ref=<ref name="Ref893" />
|mun_admctr_of2=Georgiyevsky Municipal District
|mun_admctr_of2_ref=<ref name="Ref893" />
|leader_title=
|leader_title_ref=
|leader_name=
|leader_name_ref=
|representative_body=
|representative_body_ref=
|area_of_what=
|area_as_of=
|area_km2=
|area_km2_ref=
|pop_2010census=72153
|pop_2010census_rank=218th
|pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref>
|pop_density=
|pop_density_as_of=
|pop_density_ref=
|pop_latest=
|pop_latest_date=
|pop_latest_ref=
|established_date=1777
|established_title=<ref name="gr" />
|established_date_ref=
|current_cat_date=1786
|current_cat_date_ref=<ref name="gr" />
|prev_name1=
|prev_name1_date=
|prev_name1_ref=
|postal_codes=
|postal_codes_ref=
|dialing_codes=
|dialing_codes_ref=
|website=http://www.georgievsk.ru/
|website_ref=
|commonscat=Georgievsk
|date=March 2012
}}
'''Georgiyevsk''' ({{lang-ru|Гео́ргиевск}}) ({{lang-os|Гуым}}) is a [[historical city of Russia|historical]] [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|town]] in [[Stavropol Krai]], [[Russia]], located in the [[North Caucasus]] on [[foothills|submontane]] tableland on the right bank of the [[Podkumok River]] (a [[tributary]] of the [[Kuma River (Russia)|Kuma River]]), {{convert|210|km|sp=us}} southeast of [[Stavropol]]. Population: {{ru-census2010|72,153|.}}
==History==
It was founded in September{{citation needed|date=March 2012}} 1777 as [[Saint George|St. George]] fortress<ref name="gr">{{cite book|title=Энциклопедия Города России|year=2003|publisher=Большая Российская Энциклопедия|location=Moscow|isbn=5-7107-7399-9|pages=107}}</ref> on the Azov-Mozdok defense line. In 1783, Georgievsk saw the signing of the [[Treaty of Georgievsk]] between the [[Russian Empire]] and the [[Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti]], which made the east [[Georgia (country)|Georgian]] kingdom a Russian protectorate. After 1785, Georgiyevsk grew considerably. In 1786, it was granted town status.<ref name="gr" /> After 1802, it was the seat of [[Caucasian Governorate]]. The early 19th century marked a peak in Georgiyevsk's influence as a trading center. After 1822, the town's influence began to wane.
In 1875, a railway station was built {{convert|6|km|sp=us}} away in Nezlobnaya. This became a new beginning in town's development. In 1894, the first blacksmith works was founded. This was the beginning of "ArZiL", the biggest enterprise in the town. In 1900, a slaughter house and an oil mill were founded. In the 1920s, Georgiyevsk became a big industrial and trade center of the Ciscaucasia.
During [[World War II]], Georgiyevsk was under [[Germany|German]] occupation from 15 August 1942 to 10 January 1943. After the war, Georgiyevsk became the largest center of machine construction in Stavropol Krai.
==Administrative and municipal status==
Within the [[subdivisions of Russia#Administrative divisions|framework of administrative divisions]], Georgiyevsk serves as the [[administrative center]] of [[Georgiyevsky District]], eve though it is not a part of it.<ref name="Ref372">Resolution #63-p</ref> As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the '''[[city of federal subject significance|town of krai significance]] of Georgiyevsk'''—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of a [[administrative divisions of Stavropol Krai|district]].<ref name="Ref372" /> As a [[subdivisions of Russia#Municipal divisions|municipal division]], the town of krai significance of Georgiyevsk is incorporated as '''Georgiyevsk Urban Okrug'''.<ref name="Ref893">Law #88-kz</ref>
==Economy==
Today, Georgiyevsk is one of the largest industrial towns in the area with an accessory plant, repair and engineering works, nail works, semiconductor plant, acoustical and insulation material works, brickworks, two asphalt refineries, garment, shoe and fur plants, and a number of food processing facilities, including H.J. Heinz instant baby food plant.
===Transportation===
Georgiyevsk is a railway junction with connections to [[Moscow]], [[Saint Petersburg|St. Petersburg]], [[Minsk]], [[Krasnodar]], [[Rostov-on-Don]], [[Grozny]], [[Vladikavkaz]], [[Mineralnye Vody]], [[Prokhladny]], [[Budyonnovsk]], and [[Nezlobnaya]].
Public transport consists mainly of ''[[marshrutka]]s'' (routed taxis).
==Demographics==
The Georgiyevsk [[metropolitan statistical area|MSA]] is the second-largest of the MSA's of the Caucasus Mineral Waters region, which is a [[conurbation]] with 1.1 million inhabitants in the center of the North Caucasus.{{citation needed|date=March 2012}}
===Historical population===
*1897 Census: 11,000;
*1914 Census: 21,200;
Line 13 ⟶ 103:
*1970 est.: 44,000;
*1979 Census: 53,600;
*{{su-census1989|62,926|;}}
*{{ru-census2002|70,575|;}}
*{{ru-census2010|72,153|.}}
==Town planning==
Georgiyevsk has right-angled planning in the town
The modern town center was built at the beginning of the 20th century around the fair square. The best examples of architecture of that period are the Old City Hall, the former Hotel "Louvre", the former Hotel "London", and Public Secondary schools #1 and #3. First enterprises were built at that time to the north of the town center. In the 1920s and 1930s, the area near the railway station was built out. After the World War II, Georgiyevsk grew quickly in the western residential areas and northern industrial areas. From the 1970s to the 1990s, several multistoried blocks were built in the southwest of the town. Today, the main part of Georgiyevsk is an area of owner-occupied dwellings. Multistoried buildings are situated in the central part of the town and in the "Beryozka" microdistrict. The town has three industrial areas, the largest of which is to the north of the town.
Line 35 ⟶ 114:
One of the local attraction is the Georgiyevsk Skyscraper, a twelve-story building, with views of Georgiyevsk, the Stavropol steppe, and Caucasus Mountains.
==Education and culture==
Georgiyevsk is an important educational center, with nine secondary schools, five vocational school, and fifteen universities and universities' satellite campuses with more than 20,000 students. It also has a Palace of Culture with a public theater, a casino, a museum, parks, Iodine-bromine mineral waters, and several churches.
==Tourism==
In the corner of
On the Old Boulevard, visitors can see the Youth Palace, located in the building of the Georgiyevsk City Bank, the best example of the modern architecture in the town. There are some cafés and restaurant on the boulevard with building of different ages and
The New Boulevard leads to the historical center of the town at Lermontov street. On the left side, there is a town museum in a building known as Dara. It was built at the beginning of 20th century. The owner was the producer of the first amateur theater in the town. On the right side is the mansion of Tumasov with lions of the top of the gates and the huge Palace of Culture. The Palace is now a drama theater but was once a town assembly hall.
Line 59 ⟶ 130:
Other areas Georgiyevsk have little of interest for tourists. Local souvenirs include "Georgiyevskaya krepost", a local wine. Georgiyevsk is one of the biggest in Russia centers for items made from fur, and many items are available in the central market.
On the way to Pyatigorsk there are old [[Cossack]]s [[stanitsa]]
==
Well-known Russians who visited Georgiyevsk include: [[Alexander Pushkin]], [[Mikhail Lermontov]], [[Leo Tolstoy]], [[Maxim Gorky]], and Emperor [[Alexander II of Russia|Alexander II]]. Generals [[Nikolay Raevsky]] and [[Aleksey Yermolov (general)|Alexey Yermolov]] lived in the town.
==
===Notes===
{{Reflist}}
===Sources===
*{{RussiaAdmMunRef|sta|adm|list}}
*{{RussiaAdmMunRef|sta|mun|list1}}
==External links==
*{{Commons category inline}}
*[http://www.georgievsk.ru/ Official website of Georgiyevsk] {{in lang|ru}}
*Georgiyevsk Business Directory [https://georgievsk.jsprav.ru/ jsprav.ru] {{in lang|ru}}
*[http://www.meteo.kmv.ru/index.phtml?lang=en&page= Weather in Georgiyevsk]
{{Stavropol Krai}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Cities and towns in Stavropol Krai]]
[[Category:Terek Oblast]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1777]]
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