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{{Short description|Former province of Veneto, Italy}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->| name = Province of Venice
| name native_name = Province of Venice
| native_namenative_name_lang = it<!-- ISO 639-2 =code e.g. "it" for Italian -->
| settlement_type = [[Provinces of Italy|Province]]<br>(1866–2014)
| native_name_lang = it<!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "it" for Italian -->
| settlement_typeimage_skyline = [[Provinces of Italy|Province]]= Venezia_veduta_aerea.jpg
| image_skylineimage_alt = Venezia_veduta_aerea.jpg
| image_alt image_caption =
| image_captionimage_flag = Flag of the Province of Venice.svg
| image_flagflag_alt =
| flag_altimage_shield = Provincia di = Venezia-Stemma.svg
| image_shieldshield_alt =
| shield_altimage_map = Venezia in Italy.svg
| image_mapmap_alt = Venezia in Italy.svg=
| map_caption = = Map highlighting the location of the former province of Venice in Italy▼
| map_alt = ▼
| coordinates =
▲| map_caption = Map highlighting the location of the former province of Venice in Italy
| coordinates_footnotes = ▼
| latd = |latm = |lats = |latNS =
| longdsubdivision_type = |longm = |longs = |longEW = Country
| coordinates_displaysubdivision_name = inline,title{{flag|Italy}}
| subdivision_type1 = Region
▲| coordinates_footnotes =
| coordinates_regionsubdivision_name1 = IT[[Veneto]]
| subdivision_typeestablished_title = Country
| subdivision_nameestablished_date = {{flag|Italy}}
| subdivision_type1extinct_title = Region
| subdivision_name1extinct_date = [[Veneto]]2015
| established_titleseat_type = Capital(s)
| established_dateseat = [[Venice]]
| extinct_titleparts_type = ''[[Comune|Comuni]]''
| extinct_dateparts_style = 2015para
| seat_typep1 = Capital(s)44
| seat government_footnotes = [[Venice]]
| parts_type leader_party = [[Comune|Comuni]]
| parts_styleleader_title = para
| p1 leader_name = 44
| website unit_pref = Metric<!-- {{URL|example.com}}or US or UK -->▼
| government_footnotes =
| leader_party area_footnotes = [[Lega Nord|LN]]
| leader_title area_total_km2 = President2467
| elevation_footnotes =
| leader_name = Francesca Zaccariotto
| unit_pref elevation_m = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_footnotes population_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 population_total = 2467846962
| elevation_footnotespopulation_as_of = 2011
| elevation_m population_density_km2 = auto
| timezone1 = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| population_footnotes =
| population_totalutc_offset1 = 846962+1
| timezone1_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| population_as_of = 2011
| utc_offset1_DST = +2
| population_density_km2 = auto
| timezone1 postal_code_type = [[Central EuropeanPostal Time|CET]]code
| utc_offset1postal_code = +130010, 30014-30016, 30020-30039
| timezone1_DSTarea_code_type = [[CentralTelephone European Summer Time|CEST]]prefix
| utc_offset1_DSTarea_code = +2041, 049, 0421, 0422, 0426, 0431
| postal_code_typeiso_code = Postal code =
| registration_plate = [[Italian car number plates|VE]]▼
| postal_code = 30010, 30014-30016, 30020-30039
| area_code_typeblank_name_sec1 = Telephone[[Istituto prefixNazionale di Statistica|ISTAT]]
| area_code blank_info_sec1 = 041, 049, 0421, 0422, 0426, 0431 027
| iso_codewebsite = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
▲| map_alt footnotes =
▲| registration_plate = [[Italian car number plates|VE]]
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Istituto Nazionale di Statistica|ISTAT]]
▲| blank_info_sec1 = 027
▲| website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
▲| footnotes =
}}
 
The[[File:Veneto '''Province of Venice''' (''Provincia di Venezia'') was a [[Provinces of Italy.jpg|province]] in the [[Veneto]] regionthumb|left|Map of northern [[Italy]]. Its capital is the cityprovince of [[Venice]].
The '''province of Venice''' ({{lang-it|provincia di Venezia}}) was a [[Provinces of Italy|province]] in the [[Veneto]] region of [[Italy]]. Its capital was the city of [[Venice]].
It had an area of 2,467&nbsp;km², and a total population of 846,962 (2011).<ref name=popprov/> The province became the [[Metropolitan City of Venice]] in 2015.{{When|date=July 2015}}{{citation needed|date=July 2015}}
It had an area of 2,467&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>, and a total population of 846,962 (2011).<ref name=popprov/> The province became the [[Metropolitan City of Venice]] by 1 January 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-04-07|title=Legge 7 aprile 2014, n. 56: Disposizion sulle citta' metropolitane, sulle province, sulle unioni e fusioni di comuni. (14G00069)|url=https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/2014/4/7/14G00069/sg|access-date=2021-06-09|website=Gazzetta Aufficiale della Repubblica Italiana}}</ref>
 
==History==
The area was settled by 11th century BC. According to legend, [[Antenor]] fled from [[Troy]],<ref name="Baswell2006">{{cite book|last=Baswell|first=Christopher|title=Virgil in Medieval England: Figuring The Aeneid from the Twelfth Century to Chaucer|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P49St2JujeEC&pg=PA18|date=22 June 2006|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-02708-3|page=18}}</ref> leading the people of [[Eneti]] from [[Paphlagonia]] to inhabit the shores of the Adriatic. In 102 B.C., The Romans defeated the Cimbri and the [[Germanic peoples|Germanic tribes]] in the area, thus increasing their influence in the region to form the Regio X Venetia et Histria. The exact date when Venice was established in unknown, but about 570 refugees from the hinterland, especially from [[Aquileia]], fled to the islands of the [[Venetian Lagoon]] in order to escape the frequent barbaric invasions. At that time, the territory of the province was part of the Byzantine Empire, belonging to the [[Exarchate of Ravenna]].<ref name="Nicol1992">{{cite book|last=Nicol|first=Donald M.|title=Byzantium and Venice: A Study in Diplomatic and Cultural Relations|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rymIUITIYdwC&pg=PA10|date=7 May 1992|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-42894-1|page=10}}</ref> Over the centuries, Venice became more independent and in 697 it had its first Doge. With the destruction of [[Eracliana]] in 805, the capital was moved to Rialto (Venice).<ref name="Fedalto1999">{{cite book|last=Fedalto|first=Giorgio|title=Aquileia: una chiesa due patriarcati|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RyTZAAAAMAAJ|year=1999|publisher=Città nuova|language=Italian|isbn=978-88-311-9081-7|page=196}}</ref>
 
In the Middle Ages, Venice became an important maritime republic, completely independent from Byzantium, and began its expansion into the hinterland. In 1260, the Ezzelini family were defeated.<ref name="Zamboni1870">{{cite book|last=Zamboni|first=Filippo|title=Gli Ezzelini, Dante e gli schiavi, ossia Roma e la schiavitù personale domestica studi storici e letterari di Filippo Zamboni|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vxCAQpFHTFQC&pg=PA171|year=1870|publisher=Presso il figlio di C. Gerold|language=Italian|page=171}}</ref> Threatened by the expansionist ambitions of the [[House of Visconti|Visconti]] of Milan, in 1365, Venice began to invade neighbouring territories. By 1410, the Regio X Venetia et Histria had annexed [[Padua]] and [[Verona]], and by the 16th century the republic included territories from the [[Julian Alps]] to [[Crema, Lombardy|Crema]], [[Istria]], [[Dalmatia]], [[Cyprus]] and part of the [[Peloponnese]].<ref name="storia">{{cite web|url=http://www.ristorantivenezia.net/venezia/storia-turismo-venezia.htm|title=Storia|publisher=Ristorantivenezia.net|accessdate=27 September 2014}}</ref> In 1797, [[Napoleon]] invaded the Republic and, following the [[Treaty of Campo Formio]], it was ceded to Austria. After the final defeat of Napoleon, the Austrian Empire founded a province of Venice on the [[Adriatic]].<ref name="storia"/>
 
==Geography==
[[Image:Provinces of Veneto map.png|thumb|left|320px|Map of Veneto showing the location of the former province of Venice.]]
Facing east on the Northern Adriatic Sea,<ref name="Lane1973">{{cite book|last=Lane|first=Frederic Chapin|title=Venice, A Maritime Republic|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PQpU2JGJCMwC&pg=PA79|date=1 November 1973|publisher=JHU Press|isbn=978-0-8018-1460-0|page=79}}</ref> the province was bordered to the northeast by the [[Province of Udine]] and [[Province of Pordenone]], south by the [[Province of Rovigo]], and to the west by the [[Province of Padua]] and [[Province of Treviso]]. The municipalities of [[Chioggia]], [[Cavan]] and [[Cona, Veneto|Cona]] constituted an exclave separated from the rest of the province, bordering the provinces of Padua and Rovigo.
 
The [[Brenta River|Brenta]] and [[Livenza River|Livenza]] rivers flows through the former province. The [[Piave River]] flows into the Adriatic after passing the town of [[Eraclea]]. The {{convert|174|km|mi}} long Brenta runs from [[Trentino]] to the [[Adriatic Sea]] just south of the [[Venetian lagoon]].<ref name="Colombiniitaliano1992">{{cite book|last=Colombini|first=Paola|title=Veneto: (esclusa Venezia)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yGav5pmJJ0kC&pg=PA581|year=1992|publisher=Touring Editore|language=Italian|isbn=978-88-365-0441-1|page=581}}</ref> It was first channeled in the 16th century when a long canal was built from the village of [[Stra]] to the Adriatic Sea, bypassing Venetian lagoon. A branch of the Brenta, named ''Naviglio Brenta'', was left to connect directly Venice and Padua.<ref name="Zimmermanns2009">{{cite book|last=Zimmermanns|first=Klaus|title=Venetien: die Stadte und Villen der Terraferma|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=spFUAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA219|year=2009|publisher=DuMont Reiseverlag|language=German|isbn=978-3-7701-4356-6|page=219}}</ref> The river runs through Stra, [[Fiesso d'Artico]], [[Dolo]], [[Mira, Italy|Mira]], [[Oriago]] and [[Malcontenta]] to [[Fusina]] in the north-east.
 
In areas that bordered the Friuli Venezia Giulia Region, it is estimated that 29% of the population speaks fluent [[Friuli]]. The language is officially recognized and has been protected as a minority language since 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.politichesociali.provincia.venezia.it/upload/servizi/00000001/00000021/2006_00120.pdf|title=Provincia di Venezia|publisher=Politichesociali.provincia.venezia.it|accessdate=27 September 2014|language=Italian}}</ref>
 
==Demography==
Statistics recorded since 1871 show that the population of the Provinceprovince of Venice increased from some 341,000 inhabitants in 1871 to almost 847,000 in 2011. It rose steadily in each of the ten-year statistical periods until 1981 (reaching 838,794 inhabitants) whereafter there were declines until 2001 when the population dipped to 809,586. Finally, there was an increase of 4.6% in the ten-year period from 2001 to 2011 when the number of inhabitants reached 340,913.<ref name=popprov>{{cite web|url=http://www.tuttitalia.it/veneto/provincia-di-venezia/statistiche/censimenti-popolazione/|title=Censimenti popolazione prov. di Venezia 1861-2011|publisher=tuttitalia|accessdateaccess-date=29 September 2014 |language=Italianit}}</ref>
 
The average age per inhabitant was 44.8 years in 2011, up from 35.6 years in 1981. In 2012, there were 72,284 foreigners residents in the province (up from 44,996 in 2006), mainly from Romania, Moldova and Albania, representing 8.5% of the total population. In the academic year 2012 to 2013, 23,677 students were enrolled at university of which 61.8% were women and 38.2% male. The most popular fields of study were economics, foreign languages, letters and philosophy, and architecture.<ref name=vic/>
 
===Comunes''Comuni''===
There were 44 ''[[comuni]]'' ({{singular}}: ''[[comune]]'') in the province [http://www.upinet.it/docs/allegati/Province_in_cifre.doc]. In 2005, the main ''comuni'' by population were:
 
{| class="wikitable"
Line 133 ⟶ 118:
| style="text-align:right;"|14,649
|-
|[[Marcon, ItalyVeneto|Marcon]]
| style="text-align:right;"|12,969
|-
Line 165 ⟶ 150:
 
==Economy==
Tourism was an important contributor to the provincial economy with over 26,000 establishments (including 1,277 hotels) offering overnight accommodation and accounting for a total of 34 million tourist nights spent in 2012 (down slightly from 2011 but substantially higher than some 29 million nights in 2002).<ref name=vic>{{cite web|url=http://www.ve.camcom.gov.it/farla-crescere/economia-e-statistica/studi-e-pubblicazioni/venezia-in-cifre/Venezia-in-cifre-2013|title=Venezia in cifre 2013|publisher=Camera di Commercio Venenzia|accessdateaccess-date=29 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141207153647/http://www.ve.camcom.gov.it/farla-crescere/economia-e-statistica/studi-e-pubblicazioni/venezia-in-cifre/Venezia-in-cifre-2013|archive-date=7 December 2014|languageurl-status=dead}}</ref>
 
The Gross[[gross Domesticdomestic Productproduct]] of the province was 25 million euro in 2010, down slightly from 25,.973 million euro in 2007. In 2012, the service sector represented 73% of the economy, while industry covered 19%, construction 7% and agriculture just 1%. Footwear represented 9.6% of provincial exports, petroleum products 7.2% and machinery 6.7%.<ref name=vic/>
 
==See also==
* [[Metropolitan City of Venice]]
 
==References==
{{reflistReflist}}
 
==External links==
{{commonsCommons category}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20190416170717/http://www.provincia.venezia.it/ Provincia di Venezia homepage (in Italian)]
* [http://www.photos-venise.eu/ Photos Venice] : photos of [http://www.photos-venise.eu/ Venice]
 
{{Veneto}}
{{Province of Venice|nocat=yes}}
 
{{coord|45|27|N|12|24|E|display=title|region:IT_type:adm1st_source:nlwiki}}▼
 
{{Authority control}}
 
▲{{coordCoord|45|27|N|12|24|E|display=title|region:IT_type:adm1st_source:nlwiki}}
[[Category:Province of Venice| ]]▼
 
[[Category:Provinces of Italy|Venice]]▼
▲[[Category:ProvinceMetropolitan City of Venice| ]]
▲[[Category:ProvincesFormer provinces of Italy|Venice]]
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