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{{Short description|Bird observatory on the south east coast of Western Australia}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}
{{Use Australian English|date=March 2014}}
{{Infobox building
| name = Eyre Bird Observatory
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| map_type = Western Australia
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location of Eyre Bird Observatory in Western Australia
| map_size =
| map_dot_label = Eyre Bird Observatory
| map_dot_mark =
| relief =
| former_names =
| alternate_names =
| start_date =
| completion_date =
| building_type = Heritage listed building
| location = [[Great Australian Bight]], [[Western Australia]]
| coordinates = {{coord|32|14|47|S|126|18|06|E|type:landmark_region:AU|name=Eyre Bird Observatory|display=inline,title}}
| embedded =
{{Infobox designation list
| embed = yes
| designation1 = State Register of Heritage Places
| designation1_offname =
| designation1_type = State Registered Place
| designation1_criteria =
| designation1_date = 28 November 2003
| delisted1_date =
| designation1_partof =
| designation1_number = {{SRHP|16522}}
}}
}}
[[File:Captive southwestern pygmy possum at Cleland Wildlife Park, South Australia 2013.jpg|thumb|right|The [[western pygmy possum]] nests in the surrounding mallee woodland.]]
'''Eyre Bird Observatory''' is an educational, scientific and recreational facility in the [[Nuytsland Nature Reserve]], [[Western Australia]].
[[Cocklebiddy, Western Australia|Cocklebiddy]] is the nearest locality on the [[Eyre Highway]], {{convert|49|km|mi|abbr=on}} to the north. It is in the [[Hampton bioregion]], which is sandwiched between the [[Nullarbor Plain]] to the north and the [[Great Australian Bight]] to the south, in one of the least populated places on the Australian continent. It was established in 1977 by [[Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union|Birds Australia]] in the disused [[Eyre Telegraph Station]] as Australia's first bird observatory, to provide a base for the study and enjoyment of the birds of the area.
Western Australia's official lowest temperature of −7.2 °C (19.0 °F)
==History==
During their nearly {{convert|2000|mi|km|adj=on}}
When the [[History of telegraphy in Australia#East-West Telegraph|Inter-Colonial Telegraph Line]] reached the Patch in 1877, a weatherboard and corrugated iron building was erected to house a permanently
Fifty years later, in 1977, the limestone building was restored by volunteers with the support of the Post Office Historical Society and Birds Australia, using materials supplied by the WA Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, and it now functions as a permanent bird observatory.<ref name="de_Rebeira">Roger Buddridge, "Introduction: A Brief History" pp 2 & 3 and Stephen Davies, "In Search of a Field Station for Naturalists" p. 20 in "Eyre's Sand Patch to Eyre Bird Observatory" 2008 <br/>Editor: Alma de Rebeira. {{ISBN
==
[[Honeyeater]]s who spend the summer in the deep south-west extend their range north and east in the winter to feast on the flowering [[
==Climate==
Eyre Bird Observatory has a [[semi-arid climate]] (''BSk'') with warm-to-hot dry summers and mild-to-cool wetter winters. It is subject to extreme temperatures, particularly cool minima, having received Western Australia's lowest minimum temperature of {{convert|-7.2|C}} on 17 August 2008 and Australia's highest [[diurnal air temperature variation|diurnal range]] (difference between daily minimum and maximum temperatures) of {{convert|37.4|C-change}} on 5 March 2008, when the temperature ranged from {{convert|6.8|to|44.2|C}}.<ref name="temsum"/><ref name="temextbook">{{cite book|title=Australian Daily Rainfall and Temperature Extremes|first=Blair|last=Trewin|publisher=National Climate Centre, Bureau of Meteorology|year=2009|pages=15–17|chapter=2.2.2. Specific factors influencing extreme low minimum temperatures|url=http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/extremes/images/tr.extremes.pdf|isbn=978 0 642 70607 2}}</ref> Factors that cause the lower minimum temperatures despite the observatory being within {{convert|1|km|1}} of the coast include its sandy surface, its location in a shallow depression, and a sand ridge between it and the ocean that cuts it off from shallow marine air masses on calm nights.<ref name="temextbook"/>
{{Weather box
|metric first = yes
|single line = yes
|open = yes
|precipitation colour= green
|location = Eyre Bird Observatory (temperature extremes 1983–present; averages include earlier data from late 19th and early 20th centuries)
|Jan record high C = 48.5
|Feb record high C = 49.1
|Mar record high C = 45.7
|Apr record high C = 41.5
|May record high C = 37.5
|Jun record high C = 30.4
|Jul record high C = 31.0
|Aug record high C = 35.4
|Sep record high C = 38.5
|Oct record high C = 44.7
|Nov record high C = 45.4
|Dec record high C = 47.5
|year record high C =
|Jan high C = 26.7
|Feb high C = 26.7
|Mar high C = 25.8
|Apr high C = 24.3
|May high C = 21.5
|Jun high C = 19.1
|Jul high C = 18.4
|Aug high C = 19.6
|Sep high C = 21.5
|Oct high C = 23.3
|Nov high C = 24.5
|Dec high C = 25.8
|year high C = 23.1
|Jan low C = 15.3
|Feb low C = 15.9
|Mar low C = 14.3
|Apr low C = 11.7
|May low C = 8.9
|Jun low C = 6.7
|Jul low C = 5.6
|Aug low C = 6.0
|Sep low C = 7.6
|Oct low C = 10.1
|Nov low C = 12.1
|Dec low C = 14.0
|year low C = 10.7
|Jan record low C = 2.5
|Feb record low C = 1.5
|Mar record low C = 0.5
|Apr record low C = -2.0
|May record low C = -2.9
|Jun record low C = -6.2
|Jul record low C = -5.9
|Aug record low C = -7.2
|Sep record low C = -5.5
|Oct record low C = -5.0
|Nov record low C = -2.1
|Dec record low C = 0.2
|year record low C =
| Jan precipitation mm = 18.1
|Feb precipitation mm = 18.8
|Mar precipitation mm = 26.6
|Apr precipitation mm = 24.6
|May precipitation mm = 37.9
|Jun precipitation mm = 39.1
|Jul precipitation mm = 33.9
|Aug precipitation mm = 30.1
|Sep precipitation mm = 23.7
|Oct precipitation mm = 20.5
|Nov precipitation mm = 22.4
|Dec precipitation mm = 20.7
|year precipitation mm = 315.9
|Jan precipitation days = 4.2
|Feb precipitation days = 4.6
|Mar precipitation days = 7.1
|Apr precipitation days = 7.3
|May precipitation days = 10.2
|Jun precipitation days = 10.3
|Jul precipitation days = 10.5
|Aug precipitation days = 9.5
|Sep precipitation days = 7.6
|Oct precipitation days = 6.8
|Nov precipitation days = 6.2
|Dec precipitation days = 5.1
|year precipitation days = 89.4
|Jan afthumidity = 61
|Feb afthumidity = 62
|Mar afthumidity = 62
|Apr afthumidity = 61
|May afthumidity = 59
|Jun afthumidity = 57
|Jul afthumidity = 57
|Aug afthumidity = 55
|Sep afthumidity = 56
|Oct afthumidity = 58
|Nov afthumidity = 62
|Dec afthumidity = 62
|year afthumidity = 59
|source 1 = Australian [[Bureau of Meteorology]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_011019_All.shtml|title=Climate statistics for Australian locations: Eyre Bird Observatory|publisher=[[Bureau of Meteorology]]|access-date=14 March 2023}}</ref>
|date=March 2024
}}
==References==
{{reflist|30em}}
==Further reading==
Line 33 ⟶ 168:
* [http://www.dundas.wa.gov.au/eyre-highway.aspx Shire of Dundas] Eyre Highway page
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Western Australia]]
[[Category:Nullarbor Plain]]
[[Category:Bird observatories in Australia]]
[[Category:1977 establishments in Australia]]
[[Category:
[[Category:Great Australian Bight]]
[[Category:Birdwatching sites in Australia]]
[[Category:State Register of Heritage Places in the Shire of Dundas]]
[[Category:Hampton bioregion]]
[[Category:Nuytsland Nature Reserve]]
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