Hedwig Bleuler-Waser: Difference between revisions

| image = File:Hedwig Waser 1892.jpg

| birth_name = <!--Sophie onlyHedwig use if different from name -->Waser

| birth_place = [[ZurichZürich]], Switzerland

| nationality = Swiss

'''Sophie Hedwig Bleuler-Waser''' (born '''née''' Sophie Hedwig Waser'''; born 29 December 1869 in Zurich – 1 February 1940 in Zollikon) was a [[Women's suffrage in Switzerland|Swiss suffragette]] who founded the Swiss Federation of Abstinent Women.

Bleuler-Waser was born on 29 December 1869 in Zurich[[Zürich]].<ref name = "hls-dhs-dss">{{cite web |title=Hedwig Bleuler-Waser |url=https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/009272/2002-11-06/ |website=hls-dhs-dss.ch |publisher=[[Historical Dictionary of Switzerland]] |accessdate=15 October 2019 |date=6 November 2002}}</ref> Bleuler-WaseWaser married Swiss psychiatrist [[Eugen Bleuler]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Yoker |first1=Ümit |title=Zerrissen zwischen innen und aussen |url=https://www.nzz.ch/zuerich/zerrissen-zwischen-innen-und-aussen-1.18211866 |accessdate=15 October 2019 |publisher=Neue Zürcher Zeitung |date=28 December 2013}}</ref> The two met while campaigning for the abstinence movement.<ref>{{cite web |title=Paul Eugen Bleuler (1857–1939) |url=https://embryo.asu.edu/pages/paul-eugen-bleuler-1857-1939 |website=embryo.asu.edu |accessdate=15 October 2019}}</ref> The couple did not frequent Church and followed the ideas of the Enlightenment.<ref name = "ncbi">{{cite journal |last1=Joos-Bleuler |first1=Tina |title=Being a Member of the Bleuler Family |journal=Schizophr Bull |date=November 2011 |volume=37 |issue=6 |pages=1115–1117 |urlpmc=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3196944/3196944 |accessdatepmid=1522013083 October|doi=10.1093/schbul/sbr135 2019}}</ref> At the time of their marriage,

In 1901 she met [[Auguste Forel]], a Swiss myrmecologist, neuroanatomist, psychiatrist and eugenicist, and at his suggestion, she founded the Swiss Federation of Abstinent Women.<ref name = "hls-dhs-dss"/><ref>{{cite book |author1=Heidi Thomann Tewarson|title=Die ersten Zürcher Ärztinnen: Humanitäres Engagement und wissenschaftliche Arbeit zur Zeit der Eugenik|date=29 August 2018 |publisher= Schwabe AG|isbn= 9783796538766 |page=134 |url=https://books.google.cacom/books?id=ZQlrDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA134&lpg=PA134&dq=Hedwig+Bleuler-Waser+Auguste+Forel&sourcepg=bl&ots=nhoev5U_eL&sig=ACfU3U0JZvTQgzZx6HdXvoEPhymqPT-9pA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiH28zHqZ_lAhUZQkEAHdUBAh0Q6AEwEXoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=Hedwig%20Bleuler-Waser%20Auguste%20Forel&f=falsePA134|accessdate=15 October 2019}}</ref> She chaired the Federation as president until October 1921.<ref name = "x">{{cite web |title=Der Briefwechsel zwischen Ludwig Binswanger und Eugen Bleuler |url=https://d-nb.info/995702071/34 |website=d-nb.info |accessdate=15 October 2019 |pages=33–35 |language=German |date=2009}}</ref> Together with her five children, she ran social events at the [[Burghölzli|psychiatric hospital]] her husband, Dr. Eugen Bleuler, worked at, including serving afternoon tea.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Coline Covington |author2=Barbara Wharton |title=Sabina Spielrein:Forgotten Pioneer of Psychoanalysis, Revised Edition |date=8 May 2015 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9781317458609 |page=87 |url=https://books.google.cacom/books?id=HOYjCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA87&lpg=PA87&dq=Swiss+Federation+of+abstinent+women+Hedwig+Bleuler%E2%80%93Waser&source=bl&ots=P-uRLxtAwW&sig=ACfU3U3Fxvsq87eL8rCMBEx3eDgTO92SDg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiMz9_Eqp_lAhWcURUIHdL7CDoQ6AEwDnoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=Hedwig%20Bleuler-Waser&fpg=falsePA87 |accessdate=15 October 2019}}</ref>

In 1907, Bleuler-Waser graduated from the [[University of Zurich]], becoming one of the few women to receive her doctorate.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Herrmann |first1=Anne |title=Coming Out Swiss: In Search of Heidi, Chocolate, and My Other Life |date=15 April 2014 |publisher=University of Wisconsin Press |isbn=9780299298432 |page=143 |url=https://books.google.cacom/books?id=DVcMAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA143&lpg=PA143&dq=Hedwig+Bleuler-Waser+Eugen+Bleuler&source=bl&ots=EXrWTk39_4&sig=ACfU3U2K01GPAhm1bBzv7XOX8mzusthhyg&hlpg=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj_h97Qo5PlAhUNRqwKHejLCKY4ChDoATAHegQICRAB#v=onepage&q=Hedwig%20Bleuler-Waser%20Eugen%20Bleuler&f=falsePA143 |accessdate=15 October 2019}}</ref> While at the University of Zurich she established lasting friendships with [[Marie Baum]], [[Ricarda Huch]] and [[Marianne Plehn]].<ref name="page22">{{Cite book |title= The Trauma of Defeat: Ricarda Huch's Historiography During the Weimar Republic |author=James Martin Skidmore |publisher= Peter Lang |year=2005 |isbn=9783039107605 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/traumaofdefeatri0000skid/page/22 22] |url=https://archive.org/details/traumaofdefeatri0000skid/page/22 }}</ref> After completing her doctorate, she taught at the [[Höhere TöchterschuleMädchenschule]] in Zürich.<ref name = "x"/>

During World War 1, Bleuler-Waser and [[Else Züblin]] were involved in the construction of alcohol-free soldiers' offices.<ref>{{cite book |title=Schweizer Kriegsnothilfe im Ersten Weltkrieg: Eine Mikrogeschichte des materiellen Überlebens mit besonderer Sicht auf Stadt und Kanton Zürich |date=3 December 2018 |publisher=Vandenhoeck & Ruprech |isbn=9783412512699 |page=278 |url=https://books.google.cacom/books?id=66x-DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA23&lpg=PA23&dq=hedwig+Bleuler%E2%80%93Waser+Else+Z%C3%BCblin&sourcepg=bl&ots=QMBYDey71A&sig=ACfU3U0JHY0mURzprV-wUHRjgSBfXEBXdw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiK9uT9xZ_lAhUlT98KHfb6DOoQ6AEwDXoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=hedwig%20Bleuler%E2%80%93Waser%20&f=falsePA23 |accessdate=16 October 2019}}</ref> In the winter of 1917, she started women's education courses in ZurichZürich.<ref name = "hls-dhs-dss"/> For most of the time Bleuler was working in Burghölzli, between 1898 and 1927, the family lived together in an apartment outside the clinic. The apartment was also home to a secretary and junior doctor.<ref name = "ncbi"/> From 1919 until 1937, she led the German-Swiss Ortsgruppenvereinigung (Local chapter of Association).<ref name = "hls-dhs-dss"/>