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| name = Heinemann
| image = [[File:Heinemann logo.gif|150px]]
| parent = [[Pearson Education]] (UK education)<br>[[Penguin Random House]] (UK trade)<br>[[Houghton Mifflin Harcourt]] (US education)<br>[[Egmont Group]] (UK children's)▼
| status =
| founded = {{start date and age|1890}}
▲|
▲| successor =
| country = [[United Kingdom]]
| headquarters = {{plainlist|
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'''William Heinemann Ltd.''', with the imprint '''Heinemann''', was a [[London]]-based publisher founded in 1890 by [[William Heinemann]]. Their first published book, 1890's [[The Bondman (novel)|''The Bondman'']], was a huge success in the United Kingdom and launched the company. He was joined in 1893 by [[Sydney Pawling]]. Heinemann died in 1920 and Pawling sold the company to [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]], having worked with them in the past to publish their works in the United States. Pawling died in 1922 and new management took over. Doubleday sold his interest in 1933.
Through the 1920s, the company was well known for publishing works by famous authors that had previously been published as [[Serial (literature)|serials]]. Among these were works by [[H. G. Wells]], [[Rudyard Kipling]], [[W. Somerset Maugham]], [[George Moore (novelist)|George Moore]], [[Max Beerbohm]]
Through the 1950s, the company was slowly taken over by [[Tilling Group]]'s investment arm. In 1953 they opened offices in [[The Hague]] for sales in continental Europe, and in 1978 they opened a separate company in [[Portsmouth, New Hampshire]] to sell their educational works in the US market. When Tilling was purchased by [[BTR plc]] in 1983, BTR sold off all their non-industrial assets; Heinemann was sold to [[Octopus Publishing Group]]. Octopus merged with [[Reed International]] in 1987, who then sold their entire trade-oriented publishing assets to [[
==History==
[[William Heinemann]] began working in the publishing industry under [[Nicolas Trübner]],<ref name=interview>{{cite book|title=The Publishers' Circular and Booksellers' Record of British and Foreign Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zcdOAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA49|year=1895|publisher=Sampson Low, Marston & Company|pages=49–}}</ref> who was a major publisher of what was called Oriental scholarship.<ref>{{cite book|title=Trübner's American and Oriental Literary Record|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QUwUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA48|year=1884|publisher=Trübner & Company|pages=48–}}</ref> When, two years after Trübner's death, his company was taken over by the firm of [[Kegan Paul]], Heinemann left and founded '''William Heinemann Ltd''' in [[Covent Garden]], [[London]], in 1890.<ref name=interview/> The first title published was [[Hall Caine]]'s ''[[The Bondman (novel)|The Bondman]]'', which was a "stunning success", selling more than 450,000 copies.<ref name="EliotRose2009">{{cite book|last1=Eliot|first1=Simon|last2=Rose|first2=Jonathan|title=A Companion to the History of the Book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R8Pfs146nUAC&pg=PA343|access-date=1 January 2013|date=2009-04-06|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9781405192781|pages=343–}}</ref> The company also released a number of works translated into English under the branding of "Heinemann's International Library", edited by [[Edmund Gosse]].<ref name="MosseCarlebach">{{cite book|last1=Mosse|first1=Werner Eugen|last2=Carlebach|first2=Julius|title=Second Chance: two centuries of German-speaking Jews in the United Kingdom|year=1991|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a-6WlsDsuo8C&pg=PA196|access-date=1 January 2013|publisher=Mohr Siebeck|isbn=9783161457418|pages=196–}}</ref> In 1893, [[Sydney Pawling]] became a partner.<ref name="Kipling1990">{{cite book|last=Kipling|first=Rudyard|title=The Letters of Rudyard Kipling: 1920-30|url=https://archive.org/details/lettersofrudyard0001kipl|url-access=registration|access-date=1 January 2013|year=1990|publisher=University of Iowa Press|isbn=9780877458982|pages=[https://archive.org/details/lettersofrudyard0001kipl/page/43 43]–}}</ref><ref name="Ray2007">{{cite book|last=Ray|first=Martin|title=Joseph Conrad: Memories and Impressions - An Annotated Bibliography.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tbIZ1qt2CGIC&pg=PA37|access-date=1 January 2013|year=2007|publisher=Rodopi|isbn=9789042022980|pages=37–}}</ref> They became known for publishing the works of [[Sarah Grand]].<ref name=Bookman/> The company published the British version of [[Scribners]]' ''Great
Between 1895 and 1897, Heinemann was the publisher of [[William Ernest Henley]]'s periodical ''[[New Review]]''.<ref name="Wertheim1997">{{cite book|last=Wertheim|first=Stanley|title=A Stephen Crane Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-uzry987mP4C&pg=PA151|access-date=1 January 2013|year=1997|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=9780313296925|pages=151–}}</ref> In the late 1890s, Heinemann and the American publisher [[Frank Doubleday]] financially supported [[Joseph Conrad]] during his initial attempt at writing what eventually became ''[[The Rescue (Conrad novel)|The Rescue]]'', and Heinemann was the British publisher for Conrad's ''[[The Nigger of the 'Narcissus']]'' in 1897.<ref name="Ray2007"/> One of the company's businesses at that time was to sell English books to a Japan that was beginning to be interested in items of Western culture. Heinemann sold to the Japanese bookstore [[Maruzen]] translations of the works of [[Dostoyevsky]] and 5000 copies of ''[[Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution]]'' by Peter Kropotkin.<ref name="Checkland2003">{{cite book|last=Checkland|first=Olive|title=Japan and Britain After 1859: Creating Cultural Bridges|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VPpTfAK9oKwC&pg=PA67|access-date=1 January 2013|year=2003|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=9780700717477|pages=67–}}</ref> In 1912, the company began publishing the [[Loeb Classical Library]] series, publications of ancient works with the Greek or Latin text on the left-hand page, and a literal translation on the right hand page.<ref name="France2001">{{cite book|last=France|first=Peter|title=The Oxford Guide to Literature in English Translation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pmNoS2dndKsC&pg=PA503|access-date=1 January 2013|date=2001-12-13|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780199247844|pages=503–}}</ref> The series has been called "the most significant" of the parallel-text translations.<ref name="France2001"/> Since 1934, it has been co-published with [[Harvard University]].<ref name="France2001"/><ref name="Hall1986">{{cite book|last=Hall|first=Max|title=Harvard University Press: A History|url=https://archive.org/details/harvarduniversit0000hall|url-access=registration|access-date=1 January 2013|year=1986|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=9780674380806|pages=[https://archive.org/details/harvarduniversit0000hall/page/64 64]–}}</ref>
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The company was later acquired by conglomerate [[Thomas Tilling]] in 1961. When the impending takeover became known, [[Graham Greene]] (who had been with Heinemann since his first work in 1929)<ref name="West2002"/> led a number of Heinemann authors who protested by taking their works to other publishers, including [[The Bodley Head]], of which Greene was a director.<ref name="West2002">{{cite book|last=West|first=W. J.|title=The Quest for Graham Greene|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IVlng-YcI4oC&pg=PA182|access-date=1 January 2013|date=2002-08-01|publisher=Macmillan|isbn=9780312314781|pages=182–}}</ref><ref name="Greene2011">{{cite book|last=Greene|first=Richard|title=Graham Greene: A Life in Letters|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3THQJ5-yntMC&pg=PT330|access-date=1 January 2013|date=2011-04-20|publisher=Random House Digital, Inc.|isbn=9780307369369|pages=330–}}</ref>
[[BTR plc|BTR]] bought Thomas Tilling in 1983, and were not interested in its publishing division, so Heinemann was put on the block. Heinemann was purchased by the [[Octopus Publishing Group]] in 1985, and shortly afterwards sold the sprawling Heinemann HQ in rural Kingswood, Surrey for development; Octopus was purchased by [[Reed International]] (now Reed Elsevier) in 1987. Heinemann Professional Publishing was merged with [[Butterworths]] Scientific in 1990 to form [[Butterworth-Heinemann]].<ref>{{Cite book| publisher = Elsevier| isbn = 978-1-4831-0372-3| last = Medlik| first = S.| title = Managing Tourism| chapter = Publisher's note| date = 2016-06-06|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gB6TDAAAQBAJ&q=butterworths%20scientific%20reed%20international&pg=PR11}}</ref> [[Random House]] bought Heinemann's trade publishing (now named William Heinemann) in 1997. [[Egmont Group]] bought Heinemann's children's publishing and [[Macmillan Education]] bought Heinemann ELT in 1998.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/print/19980511/28612-pw-egmont-buys-reed-children-s-books.html | title=PW: Egmont Buys Reed Children's Books }}</ref><ref name=":0" /> Remaining Heinemann's educational unit became part of [[Harcourt Education]] when Reed Elsevier purchased the company in 2001. [[Pearson plc|Pearson]] purchased the UK, South African, Australian and New Zealand arms of Harcourt Education in May 2007, while [[Houghton Mifflin]] purchased the American operations a few months later. Pearson sold the school library publisher Heinemann-Raintree to [[Capstone Publishers]] in 2008.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.raintree.co.uk/about-us/ | title=About us }}</ref> Egmont Group sold its UK book division to [[HarperCollins]] in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Milliot |first=Jim |title=HC to Buy Egmont Book Groups in the U.K. Poland, and Germany |url=https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/industry-news/industry-deals/article/82883-hc-to-buy-egmont-book-groups-in-the-u-k-poland-and-germany.html |access-date=2023-12-22 |website=[[Publishers Weekly]] |language=en}}</ref> Penguin Random House merged William Heinemann with Hutchinson to form [[Hutchinson Heinemann]] in 2021.<ref>https://www.thebookseller.com/news/ahmed-and-conford-join-hutchinson-and-william-heinemann-merge-while-arthur-departs-1239360?utm_source=pocket_saves</ref>
In 1957, '''Heinemann Educational Books''' (HEB) created the [[African Writers Series]], spearheaded by [[Alan Hill (publisher)|Alan Hill]] and West Africa specialist [[Van Milne]], to focus on publishing the writers of Africa such as [[Chinua Achebe]], who was the first advisory editor of the series. Heinemann was awarded the 1992 Worldaware Award for Social Progress.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.worldaware.org.uk/awards/awards1992/heinemann.html |title=Worldaware Business Awards 1992 - Williamson Tea Award for Social Progress |publisher=Worldaware.org.uk |access-date=2013-08-28}}</ref> The series was relaunched by Pearson in 2011.<ref>[http://www.naijastories.com/2011/08/pearson-revives-african-writers-series-calls-for-submissions/ "Pearson revives African Writers Series, calls for submissions"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160921061116/http://www.naijastories.com/2011/08/pearson-revives-african-writers-series-calls-for-submissions/ |date=2016-09-21 }}, Naija Stories, 4 August 2011.</ref><ref>Nicholas Norbrook, [http://www.theafricareport.com/Books/publishing-africa-writers-series-celebrates-50-years.html "Publishing Africa Writers Series celebrates 50 years"], ''The Africa Report'', 29 February 2012.</ref>
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{{Commons category|Heinemann (publisher)}}
* [http://www.pearsonschoolsandfecolleges.co.uk/ Official website (UK education)]
* [https://www.penguin.co.uk/company/publishers/cornerstone/hutchinson-heinemann Official website (Hutchinson Heinemann UK adult trade)]
* [http://www.heinemann.com/ Official website (US)]
* [https://portal.uea.ac.uk/library/archives/pick Charles Pick (Heinemann Group Managing Director, 1979-1985) Archive, University of East Anglia]
{{Bertelsmann}}
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