Treaty of Adrianople (1829): Difference between revisions

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Line 1: {{Short description\|Territorial settlement which ended the Russo-Turkish War of ~~1828-29~~1828–29}} {{For\|other treaties signed in Adrianople (Edirne)\|Treaty of Edirne (disambiguation)}} {{Use dmy dates\|date=~~November~~December ~~2013~~2023}} [[File:Moscow Triumphal Gates.jpg\|thumb\|275px\|[[Moscow Triumphal Gate]] in [[St. Petersburg]] (1836–1838) commemorates Russia's victory in the [[Russo-Turkish War of 1828–1829]].]] [[File:Treaty of Andrinople 1829.png\|thumb\|275px\|Territorial changes since the Treaty of Adrianople.<ref>H.E.Stier (dir.): Grosser Atlas zur Weltgeschichte, Westermann 1984, p. 134, {{ISBN\|3141009198}}.</ref>]] The '''Treaty of Adrianople''' (also called the '''Treaty of Edirne''') concluded the [[Russo-Turkish War (1828–29)\|Russo-Turkish War of 1828–29]], between [[Imperial Russia]] and the [[Ottoman Empire]]. The terms favored Russia, which gained access to the mouths of the [[Danube]] and new territory on the [[Black Sea]]. The ~~Treaty~~treaty opened the [[Dardanelles]] to all commercial vessels, granted autonomy to [[Ottoman Serbia\|Serbia]], and promised autonomy for [[Ottoman Greece\|Greece]]. It also allowed Russia to occupy [[Moldavia]] and [[Walachia]] until the Ottoman Empire had paid a large [[indemnity]]; those indemnities were later reduced. The ~~Treaty~~treaty was signed on 14 September 1829 in [[Adrianople]] by Count [[Alexey Fyodorovich Orlov]] of Russia and Abdülkadir Bey of the Ottoman Empire.<ref name= Acton>{{cite book \| title = The Cambridge Modern History \| author = John Emerich Edward Dalberg Acton \| publisher = Macmillan & Co\| year = 1907 \| page = 202 }}</ref> == Terms == Line 13: The main sections of the treaty were as follows: 1) #In recognition of the [[Treaty of London (1827)\|Treaty of London]], the independence of Greece, or autonomy under Ottoman suzerainty, was accepted.▼ 2)#The ~~Turkey~~Ottoman Empire had nominal suzerainty over the Danube states of Moldavia and Wallachia; for all practical purposes, they were independent.▼ ▲1) In recognition of the [[Treaty of London (1827)\|Treaty of London]], the independence of Greece, or autonomy under Ottoman suzerainty, was accepted. 3) #Russia took control of the towns of Anape and Poti in Caucasus.▼ 4) #The Russian traders in Turkey were placed under the legal jurisdiction of the Russian ambassador.▼ ▲2) Turkey had nominal suzerainty over the Danube states of Moldavia and Wallachia; for all practical purposes, they were independent. ▲3) Russia took control of the towns of Anape and Poti in Caucasus. ▲4) The Russian traders in Turkey were placed under the legal jurisdiction of the Russian ambassador. == Demographic changes == [[File:1829PRINCIPATE.png\|thumb\|275x275px\|The Carpatho-Danubian-Pontic Space in 1829 AD, after the Treaty of Adrianople, the Danubian Principalities would continue to be [[Pavel Kiselyov\|occupied]] by Russian forces for the next 5 years.]] Among the inhabitants of the annexed territory, [[Georgians]] predominated, in addition to whom there lived [[Azerbaijanis]] ("Tatars" in the terminology of that time), [[Turkish people\|Turks]], [[Armenians]], [[Kurds]]. Soon after the end of hostilities, Turks and Kurds left the newly annexed territories to the Ottoman Empire, and about 30 thousand Ottoman Armenians from [[Erzurum]] and [[Kars]] Pashalyks settled in their places. The resettled Armenians were not only settled in the [[Akhaltsikhe]] and [[Akhalkalaki]] regions, but also in [[Tbilissi]], [[Erevan]] and [[Nakhchivan (city)\|Nakhchivan]].<ref>Наталия Георгиевна Волкова, «Этнические процессы в Закавказье в ~~XIX—XX~~XIX–XX вв»</ref> ==In popular culture== * The Treaty of Adrianople is mentioned several times in "[[The General (The Prisoner)\|The General]]," an episode of the 1960s British TV ~~Series~~series ''[[The Prisoner]]''. ==See also== Line 41 ⟶ 38: * Šedivý, Miroslav. "From Adrianople to Münchengrätz: Metternich, Russia, and the Eastern Question 1829—33." ''International History Review'' 33.2 (2011): 205–233. ==External links== Full text of the Treaty in "The History of the Eastern Question", p.68, at https://archive.org/details/history-of-eastern-question-2nd/page/n11/mode/2up {{Commons category-inline}} {{Greek War of Independence\|state=collapsed}} {{Ottoman treaties}} Line 47 ⟶ 48: {{DEFAULTSORT:Treaty of Adrianople 1829}} [[Category:1829 treaties\|Adrianople]]▼ [[Category:1829 in Europe]]▼ [[Category:1829 in the Ottoman Empire]]▼ [[Category:1829 in the Russian Empire]] [[Category:September 1829 events]] [[Category:1820s in Romania]] [[Category:19th century in Georgia (country)]]▼ [[Category:History of Moldavia (1822–1859)]] [[Category:Russo-Turkish ~~wars~~War (1828–29)]] [[Category:Peace treaties of Russia\|Adrianople 1829]] [[Category:Peace treaties of the Ottoman Empire\|Adrianople 1829]] [[Category:History of Wallachia (1821–1859)]] [[Category:Diplomacy during the Greek War of Independence]] ▲[[Category:1829 treaties\|Adrianople]] [[Category:Treaties of the Russian Empire\|Adrianople 1829]] [[Category:~~History~~Military history of Edirne]] ▲[[Category:1829 in Europe]] ▲[[Category:19th century in Georgia (country)]] ▲[[Category:1829 in the Ottoman Empire]] [[Category:Ottoman Empire–Russia treaties]]