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{{Short description|Island in the South Pacific island nation of Vanuatu}}
{{more citations needed|date=February 2011}}
{{Infobox
| name = Ambae
|
| image_name = Ambae_island_3D_pic.jpg
|image_caption=False color (elevation) and computed shadow map of Ambae
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| country_largest_city =
| country_largest_city_population =
| population =
| population_as_of =
| density_km2 =
| ethnic_groups = [[Ni-Vanuatu]]
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{{Infobox mountain
| name = Aobahi
|
| location = [[Vanuatu]]
| topo = {{cvt|154|sqmi|km2|order=flip}}
| type = [[Shield volcano]]
| age =
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}}
'''Ambae
==Name==
The various names of Ambae come from the indigenous [[Oceanic language]]s spoken within [[Vanuatu]]. The forms with ''a-'' reflect a locative marker added to the proper name of the island, spelled ''Oba'' or ''Omba'', both reflecting a pronunciation of {{IPA-xx|oᵐba|}} in the local dialects spoken there. In [[Mota language|Mota]], once the lingua franca of the [[Melanesian Mission]], it is called ''Opa'' {{IPA-xx|opa|}}. All of these terms come from a Proto-North-Central Vanuatu form ''*oᵐba''.
==History==
First recorded sighting by Europeans was by the Spanish expedition of [[Pedro Fernández de Quirós]] in the spring of 1606.<ref>Brand, Donald D. ''The Pacific Basin: A History of its Geographical Explorations'' New York: The American Geographical Society (New York, 1967) p.137.</ref>
The misty sight of Ambae from
==Geography==
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There are no permanent rivers on the island, but the population rarely suffers from water shortages.
The climate is both humid tropical with slight seasonal variations. The average annual temperature on the coast is 30
===Important Bird Area===
The upper slopes of the island have been recognised as an [[Important Bird Area]] (IBA) by [[BirdLife International]] because they support populations of [[Tanna fruit dove]]s, [[red-bellied fruit dove]]s, [[palm lorikeet]]s, [[cardinal myzomela]]s, [[Vanuatu honeyeater]]s, [[fan-tailed gerygone]]s, [[Polynesian triller]]s, [[long-tailed triller]]s, [[streaked fantail]]s, [[Melanesian flycatcher]]s, [[buff-bellied monarch]]s, [[southern shrikebill]]s, [[Vanuatu white-eye]]s and [[rusty-winged starling]]s.<ref name=bli>{{cite web |url=http://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/ambae-iba-vanuatu|title= Ambae|author=<!--Not stated--> |date=2021|website= BirdLife Data Zone|publisher= BirdLife International|access-date= 9 February 2021}}</ref>
===Volcano===
{{main|Manaro Voui}}
Ambae is the emergent portion of Vanuatu's largest (most voluminous) [[volcano]], [[Manaro Voui]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vmgd.gov.vu/vmgd/index.php/geohazards/volcano/our-active-volcanos/ambae/manaro-voui|title=Manaro Voui Volcano|date=27 September 2017|publisher=Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department}}</ref> which rises 1,496 meters above sea level, or about 3,900 meters above the sea floor.<ref name=Cronin2004>{{cite journal|last=Cronin|title=Participatory methods of incorporating scientific with traditional knowledge for volcanic hazard management on Ambae Island, Vanuatu|year=2004|journal=Bulletin of Volcanology|volume=66|issue=7|pages=652–668|doi=10.1007/s00445-004-0347-9|bibcode=2004BVol...66..652C|s2cid=13613641}}</ref> A steam and ash eruption began on November 27, 2005, leading to a Level 2 volcano alert and preparations for evacuations.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Németh |first1=Károly |last2=Cronin |first2=Shane J. |last3=Charley |first3=Douglas |last4=Harrison |first4=Morris |last5=Garae |first5=Esline |date=2006-06-01 |title=Exploding lakes in Vanuatu — "Surtseyan-style" eruptions witnessed on Ambae Island |url=https://www.episodes.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.18814/epiiugs/2006/v29i2/002 |journal=Episodes Journal of International Geoscience |language=en |volume=29 |issue=2 |pages=87–92 |doi=10.18814/epiiugs/2006/v29i2/002|hdl=10179/9629 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> On December 8,2005, the eruption became stronger, displacing more than 3,000 of Ambae Island's inhabitants to elsewhere on the island<ref name=AP/> and requiring the evacuation of two hospitals.{{citation needed|date=May 2018}}
On September 28, 2017, after a week of increasing volcanic activity to Level 4 (Level 5 being a major eruption), the government of Vanuatu ordered a complete evacuation of the island, home to about 11,000 residents.<ref name=AP>{{cite news |author=Nick Perry |url=https://apnews.com/e4749029dfff4268afebecda18404d4f/Vanuatu-orders-evacuation-of-island-with-rumbling-volcano|title=Vanuatu orders evacuation of island with rumbling volcano|publisher=Associated Press |date=September 28, 2017 |
==Demographics==
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==Transportation==
The island is served by three airstrips with services by [[Air Vanuatu]]: [[Walaha Airport]] in the southwest, [[Redcliffe Airport (Vanuatu)|Redcliffe Airport]] in the south and [[Longana Airport]] in the northeast.
== Notable people ==
* [[Nadia Kanegai]] - social entrepreneur and politician.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Oct 6|last2=Shine {{!}} 0|first2=2020 {{!}} Sista i|date=2020-10-06|title=Agent of Change - Nadia Kanegai|url=https://www.sista.com.vu/nadia-kanegai/|access-date=2021-08-17|website=Sista|language=en-US}}</ref>
*[[Merilyn Tahi]] - women's rights activist and co-founder of Vanuatu Women's Centre.<ref>Matas, Tatavola. [https://vanuatu.embassy.gov.au/files/pvla/Merilyn%20Tahi%20winner%20of%20the%20Australian%20~%20Women%20s%20Day%2040th%20anniversary%20Gender%20Equality%20Advocate%20Award.pdf "Winner of the Australian High Commission 2020 International Women's Day 40th Anniversary Gender Equality Advocate Award]". ''Australian Embassy of Vanuatu''.</ref>
==References==
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==External links==
*{{Commonscatinline|Ambae Island}}
*[http://justus.anglican.org/resources/bcp/Melanesia/Aoba.html Anglican liturgies in West Ambae] spoken on Aoba
{{Provinces and islands of Vanuatu}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Islands of Vanuatu]]
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[[Category:Volcanic crater lakes]]
[[Category:Polygenetic shield volcanoes]]
[[Category:Important Bird Areas of Vanuatu]]
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