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{{Short description|Southern half of the former Duchy of Schleswig in Germany}}
[[File:Südschleswig.png|thumb|Southern Schleswig (with German, Danish and North Frisian place names)]]
[[File:Lyksborg slot 9-7-2005.jpg|thumb|Residence of the Danish kings at [[Glücksburg Castle]]]]
[[File:DanmarkSydslesvigSkaaneland.png|thumb|Today's Denmark and the former Danish provinces Southern Schleswig, Skåne, Halland and Blekinge.]]
[[File:Flag of the Danes of Southern Schleswig.png|thumb|The [[Coat of arms of Schleswig|Schleswig Lions]] as heraldic emblem of Schleswig / Sønderjylland]]
'''Southern Schleswig''' ({{lang-de|Südschleswig}} or ''{{lang|de|Landesteil Schleswig}}'', {{lang-da|Sydslesvig}}; {{lang-frr|Söödslaswik}}) is the southern half of the former [[Duchy of Schleswig]]<ref>Kathrin Sinner: Schleswig-Holstein - das nördliche Bundesland: Räumliche Verortung als kulturelles Identitäskonstruk, page 86</ref> in Germany on the [[Jutland Peninsula]]. The geographical area today covers the large area between the [[Eider (river)|Eider]] river in the south and the [[Flensburg Fjord]] in the north,<ref>Sønderjylland A-Å, Aabenraa 2011, page 364</ref> where it borders [[Denmark]]. Northern Schleswig, congruent with the former [[South Jutland County]], forms the southernmost part of Denmark. The area belonged to the [[Denmark|Crown of Denmark]] until Prussia and Austria declared war on Denmark in 1864. Denmark wanted to give away the German-speaking [[Holstein|Holsten]] and set the new border at the small river [[Ejderen]]. Prussian chancellor [[Otto von Bismarck]] concluded that this justified a war, and even proclaimed it a "holy war". He also turned to the [[Emperor of Austria]], [[Franz Joseph I of Austria]] for help. A similar war in 1848 had gone poorly for the Prussians. With Prussia's modern weapons and the help from both the Austrians and
After the [[First World War]], two referendums decided a new border.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://danmarkshistorien.dk/leksikon-og-kilder/vis/materiale/genforeningen-1920/|title=Vis
The northern part reverted to Denmark as ''{{lang|da|Nordslesvig}}'' (North Slesvig). But the middle and southern part, including Schleswig's only city, [[Flensburg]], remained in what
==History==
The Schleswig lands north of the [[Eider (river)|Eider]] river and the [[Bay of Kiel]] had been a [[fief]] of the [[Denmark|Danish Crown]] since the Early Middle Ages. The southern [[Holstein]] region belonged to [[Francia]] and later to the [[Holy Roman Empire]], but it was held as an imperial fief by the Danish kings since the 1460 [[Treaty of Ribe]].<ref>
The [[Schleswig-Holstein Question]] was first brought to a head during the [[Revolutions of 1848]], when, from 1848 to 1851, revolting German-speaking [[National liberalism|National liberals]] backed by [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]] fought for the separation of Schleswig and Holstein from Denmark in the [[First Schleswig War]]. Though the ''status quo ante bellum'' was restored, the conflict lingered on, and on 1 February 1864 Prussian and [[Austrian Empire|Austrian]] troops crossed the Eider, sparking off the [[Second Schleswig War]], after which Denmark had to cede Schleswig and Holstein according to the [[Treaty of Vienna (1864)|Treaty of Vienna]]. After the [[Austro-Prussian War]] of 1866, victorious Prussia took control over all Schleswig and Holstein but was obliged by the [[Peace of Prague (1866)|Peace of Prague]] to hold a referendum in predominantly Danish-speaking Northern Schleswig, which it never did.<ref>
After the German defeat in [[World War I]], the [[Schleswig Plebiscites]] were decreed by the 1919 [[Treaty of Versailles]], in which the present-day German-Danish border was drawn. The border took effect on 15 June 1920, dividing Schleswig into a southern and northern part and leaving a considerable Danish and German minority on both sides.<ref>
==
Southern Schleswig is part of the German [[states of Germany|state]] (''{{lang|de|Bundesland}}'') of [[Schleswig-Holstein]], thus its denotation as ''{{lang|de|Landesteil Schleswig}}''. It does not, however, form an administrative entity, but instead consists of the [[districts of Germany|districts]] (''{{lang|de|Landkreise}}'') of [[Schleswig-Flensburg]], [[Nordfriesland]], the [[urban districts of Germany|urban district]] (''{{lang|de|Kreisfreie Stadt}}'') of [[Flensburg]] and the northern part of [[Rendsburg-Eckernförde]] (former district of ''Eckernförde'' plus the historic ''Hohner [[Hundred (county division)|Harde]]'').
[[File:Learn Danish in Germany, 2012, ubt.JPG|thumb|''Learn Danish'' banner in [[Flensburg]], one of the major cities of Southern Schleswig]]
Besides Standard German, [[West Low German|Low Saxon]] dialects ([[Schleswigsch]]) are spoken, as well as [[Danish language|Danish]] (Standard Danish or South Schleswig Danish) and its [[South Jutlandic]] variant, plus [[North Frisian language|North Frisian]] in the west.<ref>
The major cities of Southern Schleswig are [[Flensburg
== See also ==
* [[Danish Royal Enclaves]]
*[[Southern Schleswig Danish]]
==Bibliography==
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[[Category:Regions of Schleswig-Holstein]]
[[Category:Duchy of Schleswig]]
[[Category:Former states and territories of Denmark]]
[[Category:Denmark–Germany relations]]
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