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{{Redirect|Farmhand}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
[[File:Onion Picking and Cleaning.jpg|alt=Two farmworkers, one dressed in blue covers and the other in red with a face covering, bending down. They are presumed to be cleaning and picking up onions on a grassy field. Location is unknown.|thumb|272x272px|Two farm workers cleaning and picking at an onion field, location unknown
{{Rural society}}[[File:Ansel Adams - Farm workers and Mt. Williamson.jpg|thumb|right|240px|Farm workers on a field near [[Mount Williamson]] in [[Inyo County, California]]. This photograph is by [[Ansel Adams]].]]
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[[File:عامل من السودان.jpg|thumb|left|Sudanese farmer reviews cantaloupe production, south of [[Khartoum]]]]
[[File:02 Jean Claude at work.jpg|alt=A picture of a man in a cabbage farm|thumb|A
Agricultural labor is often the first community affected by the human health impacts of [[Environmental impact of agriculture|environmental issues related to agriculture]], such as [[health effects of pesticides]] or exposure to other health challenges such as [[valley fever]]. To address these environmental concerns, immigration challenges and marginal working conditions, many labor rights, [[economic justice]] and [[environmental justice]] movements have been organized or supported by farmworkers.
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===In Canada===
[[File:Nanton Alberta.jpg|thumb|Small town in Canada with farming history and heritage
Canada {{as of | 2010 | lc = on}} had 297,683 agricultural employees; 112,059 were year-around and 185,624 were seasonal or temporary.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/cansim/a26?lang=eng&retrLang=eng&id=0040236&pattern=0040200..0040242&tabMode=dataTable&srchLan=-1&p1=1&p2=50|title= Paid agricultural work in the year prior to the census|website= www150.statcan.gc.ca|date= 24 November 2014|access-date= 2019-11-12}}</ref> Qualifying employers in Canada can hire temporary foreign farmworkers from participating countries for periods of up to 8 months per calendar year for on-farm primary agriculture in specified commodity sectors, if the work involved totals at least 240 hours within a period of 6 weeks or less.<ref name=ESDC>Employment and Social Development Canada. Hiring seasonal agricultural workers. http://www.esdc.gc.ca/eng/jobs/foreign_workers/agriculture/seasonal//index.shtml {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150420041456/http://www.esdc.gc.ca/eng/jobs/foreign_workers/agriculture/seasonal/index.shtml |date=20 April 2015 }}</ref> This Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program, established in 1966, brings about 25,000 foreign workers to Canada each year. About 66 percent of those work in Ontario, 13 percent in Québec, and 13 percent in British Columbia.<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/migrant-workers-who-they-are-where-they-re-coming-from-1.1137930|title= Migrant workers: Who they are, where they're coming from|publisher=CBC News|access-date= 2019-11-12}}</ref>
Workers in the Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program, being citizens of Mexico and various Caribbean countries,<ref name=ESDC/> tend to be Spanish-speaking. Between 1991 and 1996, in British Columbia, the number of South Asian agricultural workers increased from 3,685 to 5,685, mostly Punjabi-speaking.<ref name="Runsten">{{Cite web|url= http://www.naid.ucla.edu/uploads/4/2/1/9/4219226/c14_2000.pdf|title= The Extent, Pattern, and Contributions of Migrant Labor in the NAFTA Countries|access-date= 2019-11-12|archive-date= 4 March 2016|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160304125508/http://www.naid.ucla.edu/uploads/4/2/1/9/4219226/c14_2000.pdf|url-status= dead}}</ref> Analysis published in 2000 indicated that "Of the 5,000 workers employed by the over 100 licensed Farm Labour Contractors in British Columbia, two-thirds were recent immigrants who entered Canada less than 3 years ago. Of the 700 harvest workers surveyed, 97 percent were Punjabi speaking"<ref name=Runsten/> (British Columbia did not participate in the Seasonal Agricultural Workers Program until 2004.<ref name="Otero">{{Cite web|url= https://www.sfu.ca/~otero/docs/Otero-and-Preibisch-Final-Nov-2010.pdf|title= Farmworker Health and Safety: Challenges for British Columbia|access-date= 2019-11-12}}</ref>).
Many of the issues noted for farm workers in the US also apply in Canada.<ref name=Otero/> Analysis pertaining to Ontario noted that "All workers are eligible (with some variability) for provincial health insurance ... and workers compensation (WSIB), and are covered by provincial health and safety legislation through the Ministry of Labour, and yet [migrant farm workers] are not always able or willing to access these health and compensation services".<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://imrc.ca/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/IMRC-Policy-Points-VI.pdf|title= International Migration Research Centre|website= imrc.ca|access-date= 2019-11-12}}</ref>
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[[Category:Agricultural occupations]]
[[Category:Agricultural labor]]
[[Category:Farmworkers| ]]
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