People's Commissariat of Defense of the Soviet Union: Difference between revisions

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{{short description|Highest military department of U.S.S.R. from 1934 to 1946.}}
{{Infobox government agency
| name = People's Commissariat of DefenseDefence of the Soviet Union
| native_name = Народный комиссариат обороны Советского Союза
| native_name_a =
| native_name_r =
| type =
| seal = Coat of arms of =the Soviet Union State_Emblem_of_the_Soviet_Union1.svg
| seal_width =
| seal_caption =
| logo =
| logo_width =
| logo_caption =
| image =
| image_size =
| image_caption =
| formed = June 20, 1934
| preceding1 = [[People's Commissariat for Military and Naval Affairs of the Soviet Union]]
| preceding2 = <!-- up to |preceding6= -->
| dissolved = February 25, 1946
| superseding1 = [[Ministry of DefenseDefence (Soviet Union)|People's Commissariat of the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union]]
| superseding2 = <!-- up to |superseding6= -->
| jurisdiction = {{flag|Soviet Union}}
| headquarters = Moscow
| coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LATITUDE|LONGITUDE|type:landmark_region:US|display=inline,title}} -->
| motto =
| employees =
| budget =
| minister1_name =
| minister1_pfo =
| minister2_name =
| minister2_pfo = <!-- up to |minister8_name= -->
| deputyminister1_name =
| deputyminister1_pfo =
| deputyminister2_name =
| deputyminister2_pfo = <!-- up to |deputyminister8_name= -->
| chief1_name = [[Kliment Voroshilov|Clement Voroshilov]];
| chief2_name = [[Semyon Timoshenko|SemenSemyon Tymoshenko]];
| chief3_name = [[Joseph Stalin]]
| public_protector =
| deputy =
| parent_department = [[Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union]]
| parent_agency =
| parent_agency_type = <!-- defaults to |type if left blank -->
| child1_agency =
| child2_agency = <!-- up to |child25_agency= -->
| keydocument1 = <!-- up to |keydocument6= -->
| website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
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}}
The '''People's Commissariat of DefenseDefence of the Soviet Union''' ({{Lang-ru|Народный комиссариат обороны Советского Союза|translit=Narodnyy komissariat oborony Sovetskovo Soyuza}}) was the highest military department of the [[Soviet Union]] from 1934 to 1946.
 
==History==
In the 1920–1930s, the highest military authority of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic/Soviet Union was called the [[People's Commissariat for Military and Naval Affairs of the Soviet Union|People's Commissariat for Military and Naval Affairs]].
 
On June 20, 1934, the People's Commissariat for Military and Naval Affairs of the Soviet Union was transformed into the All-Union People's Commissariat for DefenseDefence of the Soviet Union. On December 30, 1937, the People's Commissariat of the Navy of the Soviet Union was allocateddetached from it.
 
On February 1, 1944, in connection with the adoption of the Law of the Soviet Union on the creation of military formations of the Union republics, the People's Commissariat of DefenseDefence of the Soviet Union was transformed from the All–Union People's Commissariat into the Union–Republican. The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic has created its own People's Commissariat of DefenseDefence.
 
On February 25, 1946, by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Soviet Union, the People's Commissariat of DefenseDefence of the Soviet Union merged with the People's Commissariat of the Navy of the Soviet Union into a single Union–Republican People's Commissariat of the [[Soviet Armed Forces|Armed Forces of the Soviet Union]]. Under this name, the central authority was designated in documents for less than a month, since in accordance with the Law of the Soviet Union of March 15, 1946 on the transformation of the [[Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union|Councils of People's Commissars]] of the Soviet Union and Union Republics into Councils of Ministers, it was renamed the [[Ministry of DefenseDefence (Soviet Union)|Ministry of Armed Forces of the Soviet Union]]. On February 25, 1947, in accordance with the aforementioned decisions, amendments were made to the Constitution of the Soviet Union.
 
The [[Mass media|printing organ]] of the People's Commissariat for Military and Naval Affairs in the part of the [[Staff (military)|General Staff]] was the [[Military Affairs (magazine)|Military Affairs]] magazine.
 
The central organ of the People's Commissariat of DefenseDefence of the Soviet Union to educate the commanding and rank-and-file staff of the Red Army, to promote combat training tasks and to develop advanced military thought was the [[Krasnaya Zvezda|Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper]].
 
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| style =
| headerstyle =
| header = Draft regulations on the People's Commissariat of DefenseDefence of the Soviet Union
| contentstyle =
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Regulation on the People's Commissariat of DefenseDefence of the Soviet Union [See note 1 to the text]
 
Section 1
 
Chapter I. People's Commissariat of DefenseDefence of the Soviet Union
 
1. The People's Commissariat of DefenseDefence of the Soviet Union, in accordance with Article 77 of the Constitution of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, is the All-Union People's Commissariat of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.<br>
2. The People's Defense Commissariat of the Soviet Union is concentrating on the leadership of the combat, mobilization and political training of the ground and air forces of the Red Army and their operational use in wartime.<br>
The People's Commissariat of DefenseDefence is entrusted with:<br>
– development and submission for approval by the Government of the Soviet Union of plans for organizing and arming the Red Army;<br>
– development of plans for the defensedefence of the country and the operational use of ground and air forces and means and the organization of the rear and material support of the Red Army;<br>
– the organization of ground and air forces of the Red Army, in accordance with the instructions of the Government;<br>
– combat training of troops;<br>
– political education of the personnel of the Red Army;<br>
– leadership in the implementation of measures to train personnel of the Red Army, both personnel and stock, rank-and-file and commanding personnel;<br>
– setting goals and monitoring the conduct of military training of citizens in the institutions of the Society for the Promotion of DefenseDefence, Aviation and Chemical Construction, the Russian Red Cross Society, civilian people's commissariats and other central institutions of the Soviet Union;<br>
– fulfillment of the Government’s tasks on organizing the air defensedefence of the Soviet Union, inspecting the preparations for the local air defense of air defensedefence points and objects, and checking the state of combat readiness of these points and objects, regardless of their departmental affiliation;<br>
– military zoning of the Red Army;<br>
– deployment and movement of troops;<br>
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g) the rules for keeping records of vehicles, horses and harnesses belonging to departments and the population, which are to be supplied by the Red Army for mobilization.
 
Chapter II. People's Commissar of DefenseDefence of the Soviet Union
 
4. At the head of the People's Commissariat of DefenseDefence of the Soviet Union is the People's Commissar of Defense of the Soviet Union, who is also the Commander-in-Chief of all ground and air forces of the Soviet Union.<br>
5. The People's Commissar of DefenseDefence is appointed and dismissed by the Supreme Council of the Soviet Union.<br>
6. The People's Commissar of DefenseDefence is a member of the Committee of DefenseDefence under the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union.<br>
7. The People's Commissar of DefenseDefence is responsible for the state of combat, political and mobilization readiness of the ground and air forces of the Red Army.<br>
8. The People's Commissar of DefenseDefence enter representations in the Government on cases to be resolved in the highest bodies of state power and bodies of state administration.<br>
9. People's Commissar of DefenseDefence of the Soviet Soviet Union:<br>
a) appoints and dismisses the commanding staff of the Red Army, and also enters, as appropriate, with representations to the Government on these issues;<br>
b) assigns military ranks to commanders, up to and including the colonel;<br>
c) represent the commanding staff for the appropriation of general ranks;<br>
d) represents the personnel of the army for awarding orders and medals.<br>
10. The People's Commissar of DefenseDefence is the manager of loans of the People's Commissariat of DefenseDefence, according to the Law.<br>
11. In extraordinary circumstances, the People’s Commissar of DefenseDefence resolves issues subject to the supreme authority, if the resolution of these issues cannot be postponed without prejudice to state interests.
 
Chapter III. Deputies People's Commissar of DefenseDefence
 
12. Deputies of the People's Commissar of DefenseDefence are appointed and dismissed by the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union and report directly to the People's Commissar of DefenseDefence of the Soviet Union.<br>
13. One of the deputies of the People's Commissar of DefenseDefence is the first deputy and replaces the People's Commissar in his absence.<br>
14. Deputies of the People's Commissar of DefenseDefence are the closest and immediate assistants to the People's Commissar of DefenseDefence. The circle of their activities is determined by the people's commissar.<br>
15. In the absence of the People's Commissar of Defense and his first deputy, the People's Commissar replaces one of the remaining deputies, as directed by the People's Commissar.
 
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==People's Commissars==
*[[Kliment Voroshilov|Clement Voroshilov]] (June 20, 1934 – May 7, 1940)
*[[Semyon Timoshenko|Semen Tymoshenko]] (May 7, 1940 – July 19, 1941)
*[[Joseph Stalin]] (July 19, 1941 – February 25, 1946)
 
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2. Assigned:
The head of the Communications Department is Major General Nikolai[[Nikolay Gapich]].
The head of the Office of Military Chemical Defense is Major General of the Technical Forces Pyotr Melnikov.
The head of the Fuel Supply Directorate is Major General of the Tank Forces Pyotr Kotov.
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I entrust my deputy Marshal of the Soviet Union, Comrade Kulik, with the dismissal and transfer of cases of the inventions department of the People's Commissariat of Defense of the Soviet Union to the main departments.
d) the Control Group under the People's Commissariat of Defense of the Soviet Union, transferring its affairs and correspondence to the Office of Affairs under the People's Commissar of Defense of the Soviet Union.
d) Inspection of Osoaviahim[[Osoaviakhim]], transferring the affairs and functions of the Infantry Inspection.
 
4) Transmit:
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d) the head of the third division of the corps, which is not part of the army, reports to the chief of the third division of the okrug (front) and the commander of the troops of the okrug (front);<br>
e) the head of the third division of the corps, which is part of the army, reports to the chief of the third division of the army and the army commander;<br>
f) the chief of the third division division reports to the chief of the third division of the corps and the corps commander;<br>
g) the authorized representative of the third division in the regiment reports to the chief of the third division and the division commander.<br>
7. To the head of the 3rd Directorate of the People's Commissariat of Defense of the Soviet Union, Major State Security Comrade Mikheev, submit to me for approval the structure, staff, staffing and tariff list of the 3rd Directorate of the People's Commissariat of Defense of the Soviet Union and its subordinate bodies.<br>
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==Sources==
*{{cite book |author=Valery Artsybashev, Sergey Voitikov, Uzenkov, Abrahamyan, Borisov, Efimenko, Meltiukhov, Rogovaya, Silaev |date=2005 |title=The Command of the Red Army in 1940–1941. The Structure and Personnel of the Central Apparatus of the People's Commissariat of Defense of the Soviet Union, Military Districts and Combined Arms Armies |url= |location=Moscow, Saint Petersburg |publisher=Summer Garden |pages=272 |isbn=5-94381-137-0 |author-link= |agency=Candidate of Historical Sciences Tarhova |edition=Documents and Materials. Russian State Military Archive }}
 
==External links==