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| 2data1 = {{decrease}} 0.93
| 2data2 = {{increase}} 0.93
| map_size = 350px▼
| map_caption = Results by division for the House of Representatives, shaded by winning party's margin of victory.
| title = [[Prime Minister of Australia|Prime Minister]]
| before_election = [[Bob Hawke]]
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| posttitle = Subsequent Prime Minister
| after_election = [[Bob Hawke]]
| after_party = Australian Labor Party
▲| map_image = Australia 1990 federal election.png
▲| map_size =
}}<section end="Aus infobox" />
{{1990 Australian federal election sidebar}}
The '''1990 Australian federal election''' was held in Australia on 24 March 1990. All 148 seats in the [[Australian House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] and 40 seats in the 76-member [[Australian Senate|Senate]] were up for election. The incumbent [[Australian Labor Party]] led by [[Bob Hawke]] defeated the opposition [[Liberal Party of Australia]] led by [[Andrew Peacock]] with [[Coalition (Australia)|coalition]] partner the [[National Party of Australia]] led by [[Charles Blunt]] despite losing the nationwide popular and [[two-party-preferred vote]]. The election saw the reelection of a Hawke government, the fourth successive term.▼
▲The '''1990 Australian federal election''' was held in Australia on 24 March 1990. All 148 seats in the [[Australian House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] and 40 seats in the 76-member [[Australian Senate|Senate]] were up for election. The incumbent [[Australian Labor Party]], led by [[Bob Hawke]], defeated the opposition [[Liberal Party of Australia]], led by [[Andrew Peacock]], with
[[Coalition (Australia)|coalition]] partner, the [[National Party of Australia]], led by [[Charles Blunt]], despite losing the nationwide popular and [[two-party-preferred vote]]. The result saw the re-election of the Hawke government for a fourth successive term.
It was the first and, to date, only time the Labor party won four consecutive elections. {{As of|2023}} it is the most recent federal election in which leaders of both the largest parties represented divisions outside [[New South Wales]], the last to have both major party leaders from the same city other than [[Sydney]], the last to have a rematch just [[1984 Australian federal election|six years earlier]] and until [[2001 Australian federal election|2001]], thus was the last for the 20th century, which unlike 13 years earlier in [[1977 Australian federal election|1977]] when it's the last rematch with the same major party leaders appeared consecutively after the previous federal election in the 20th century just [[1975 Australian federal election|2 years earlier]], and the last to have both major party leaders born prior to [[World War II]].
__TOC__
==Background==
After [[John Howard]] lost the [[1987 Australian federal election|1987 election]] to Hawke,
Hawke's government was in political trouble, with high interest rates and a financial crisis in Victoria.
The controversy over the [[Multifunction Polis]] boiled over during the federal election campaign. Peacock, declared that a future Coalition Government would abandon the project.<ref>Hamilton, "Serendipity City", pp. 152-55.</ref>
{{cite book |last=Jupp |first=James |title=From White Australia to Woomera: The Story of Australian Immigration |date=2 April 2007 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JPzMx64wXKUC&dq=%22multifunctional+polis%22&pg=PA107 |access-date=2008-01-12 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=978-0-521-69789-7 |pages=107–219 }}</ref> The following day, ''[[The Australian]]'' newspaper ran a headline "Peacock a 'danger in the Lodge{{'"}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.crikey.com.au/2016/05/23/opinion-less-matters/|title = The more opinion, the less it matters |first=David |last=Washington |website=Crikey |date = 23 May 2016 |access-date=2023-07-23 |url-access=subscription}}</ref>
==Voting intention==
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| style="background:#b0e9db;"|'''45.90%'''
| style="background:#b0e9db;"|'''45.90%'''
| style="background:#b0e9db;"|
| style="background:#b0e9db;"|2.18%
|-
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==Outcome==
[[File:1990 Election Australia Gallagher Index.png|right|thumb|300px|The [[Gallagher Index]] result: 12.7]]
The 1990 election resulted in a modest swing to the opposition Coalition. Though Labor had to contend with the [[Late 1980s recession|late 80s/early 90s recession]], they won a record fourth successive election and a record 10 years in government with [[Bob Hawke]] as leader, a level of political success not previously seen by federal Labor. The election was to be Hawke's last as Prime Minister and Labor leader, he was replaced by [[Paul Keating]] on 20 December 1991 who would go on to lead Labor to win a record fifth successive election and a record 13 years (to the day) in government resulting from the [[1993 Australian federal election|1993 election]].
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This election saw the peak of the [[Australian Democrats]]' popularity under [[Janine Haines]], and a [[Greens Western Australia|WA Greens]] candidate won a seat in the [[Australian Senate]] for the first time – although the successful candidate, [[Jo Vallentine]], was already a two-term senator, having previously won a seat for the [[Nuclear Disarmament Party]] at the [[1984 Australian federal election|1984 election]], and the Vallentine Peace Group at the 1987 election. Until 2010, this was the only post-war election where a third party (excluding splinter state parties and the Nationals) has won more than 10% of the primary vote for elections to the Australian House of Representatives.
It also saw the Nationals' leader, [[Charles Blunt]], defeated in his own seat of [[Division of Richmond|Richmond]] by Labor challenger [[Neville Newell]]—only the second time that a major party leader had lost his own seat. Newell benefited from the presence of independent and anti-nuclear activist [[Helen Caldicott]]. Her preferences flowed overwhelmingly to Newell on the third count, allowing Newell to win despite having been second on the primary vote.
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