Levin August von Bennigsen: Difference between revisions

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| birth_date = {{Birth date |1745|02|10|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Braunschweig]], [[Electorate of Hanover]], [[Holy Roman Empire]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1826|1012|3|1745|02|10|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Banteln]], [[Kingdom of Hanover]], [[German Confederation]]
| placeofburial =
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** {{ill|Battle of Zelwa|ru|Битва под Зельвой}}
** {{ill|Battle of Brest (1792)|ru|Битва под Брестом (1792)}}
** {{ill|[[Battle of Lipniszki|ru|Битва под Липнишками}}]]
** {{ill|Battle of Soły|ru|Битва под Солами}}
* [[Persian Expedition of 1796]]
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| signature_alt =
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'''Levin August Gottlieb Theophil,{{Efn|also '''Leonty Leontyevich''' in English<ref name="Britannica">Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leonty-Leontyevich-Graf-von-Bennigsen Leonty Leontyevich, count von Bennigsen]". ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', 6 Feb. 2023. Accessed 9 May 2023.</ref>}} Graf'''<ref>{{German title Graf}}</ref> '''von Bennigsen''' ({{lang-ru|Ле́винЛевин А́вгустАвгуст Го́тлибГотлиб Теофи́льТеофиль фон Бе́ннигсенБеннигсен|LévinLevin ÁvgustAvgust GótlibGotlib TeofílTeofil' fon BénnigsenBennigsen}}, as well in {{lang-ru|Лео́нтийЛеонтий Лео́нтьевичЛеонтьевич Бе́ннигсенБеннигсен|LeóntiyLeontiy LeóntLeont'yevič BénnigsenBennigsen}}; 10 February 1745 – 3 December 1826) was a German [[general]] in the service of the [[Russian Empire]]. Bennigsen ismade immortalizeda name for himself in [[Military history of the Russian Empire|Russian history]] as the man who fought [[Napoleon|Napoleon Bonaparte]] with distinction at the [[Battle of Preussisch Eylau]]; but, suffering from ill-health, he was then defeated [[Battle of Friedland|at Friedland]] several months later. Bennigsen andalso played a pivotal role in decisively defeating Napoleon in the [[War of the Sixth Coalition]].
 
==Biography==
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After the death of Kutuzov, Bennigsen was recalled and placed at the head of an army.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=742}} Bennigsen participated in the battles of [[Battle of Bautzen (1813)|Bautzen]] and [[Battle of Lützen (1813)|Lützen]],{{citation needed|date=January 2016}} leading one of the columns that made the decisive attack on the last day of the [[Battle of Leipzig]] (16–19 October 1813). On the same evening he was made a count by the emperor Alexander I, and he afterwards commanded the forces which operated against [[Louis Nicolas Davout|Marshal Davout]] in North Germany,{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=742}} most notably in the year-long [[Siege of Hamburg]] (1813–14). After the [[treaty of Fontainebleau (1814)|Treaty of Fontainebleau]] he was awarded the St. George order of the First Degree — the highest Russian military order - for his actions in the [[Napoleonic wars]] in general.{{citation needed|date=January 2016}}
===Later life===
After the general peace Bennigsen held a command from 1815 to 1818, when he retired from active service and settled on his Hanoverian estate of Banteln near [[Hildesheim]].{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=742}} By the end of his life he completely lost his sight.{{Sfn|Polovtsov|1900}} He died on 313 December 1826, in [[Banteln]], eight years after he had retired.{{sfn|Mikaberidze|2005|page=34}} His son, Count ''Alexander Levin von Bennigsen'' (1809-1893) was a distinguished Hanoverian statesman.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=742}}
 
Bennigsen wrote the three-volume ''"Mémoires du général Bennigsen"'', which was published in Paris in 1907-1908.{{sfn|Mikaberidze|2005|page=34}} Though they contain "fascinating" details regarding the Russian wars and battles between 1806 and 1813, the work often beautifies historical facts.{{sfn|Mikaberidze|2005|page=34}} English edition of Bennigsen's memoirs of 1806-1807 campaign appeared in 2023.
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==Sources==
* {{cite book|last1=Mikaberidze|first1=Alexander|title=Russian Officer Corps of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars|date=2005|publisher=Casemate Publishers|isbn=978-1611210026|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j2BwBPz4QFQC}}
* {{cite book|editor-last1=Mikaberidze|editor-first1=Alexander|title=Confronting Napoleon: Levin von Bennigsen's Memoir of the Campaign in Poland, 1806-18071806–1807|date=2023|publisher=Helion|isbn=978-1804513057|url=https://www.helion.co.uk/military-history-books/confronting-napoleon-volume-1-pultusk-to-eylau-levin-von-bennigsens-memoir-of-the-campaign-in-poland-1806-1807.php}}
*{{Cite book |last=Polovtsov |first=Alexander |title=[[Russian Biographical Dictionary]] |date=1900 |publisher=Типография Главного Управления Уделов |volume=II: Алексинский—БестужевАлексинский – Бестужев-Рюмин |location=St. Petersburg |author-link=Alexander Polovtsov |pages=700-712700–712}}
 
==External links==