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{{short description|French mechanical engineer}}
{{Infobox engineer
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|name = Henri Tresca
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|birth_place = [[Dunkirk]]
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'''Henri Édouard Tresca''' (12 October
== Work on plasticity ==
He is the father of the field of plasticity, or non-recoverable deformations, which he explored in an extensive series of experiments begun in 1864.
He stated one of the first criterion of material [[failure]], that now bears his name. The criterion specifies that a material would [[plastic flow|flow plastically]] if
<math>\ \sigma_{tresca}=\sigma_1-\sigma_3 > \sigma_{max} </math>
[[Image:Tresca stress 2D.png|left|thumb|200px|Comparison of Tresca and
Tresca's criterion is one of two main failure criteria used today for [[ductile]] materials. The second important criterion is due to [[Richard
== Design of the International Prototype Metre ==
Tresca's stature as an engineer was such that [[Gustave Eiffel]] put his name on number 3 in [[The 72 names on the Eiffel Tower|his list of 72 people]] making the Eiffel tower in Paris possible. ▼
[[Image:US National Length Meter.JPG
Tresca was also among the designers of the [[
== Recognition ==
▲[[Image:US National Length Meter.JPG|right|thumb|150px|National standard meter #27, primary US standard until 1960]]
Tresca was made an honorary member of the [[American Society of Mechanical Engineers]] in 1882.<ref>
▲Tresca's stature as an engineer was such that [[Gustave Eiffel]] put his name on number 3 in [[The 72 names on the Eiffel Tower|his list of 72 people]] making the [[Eiffel Tower|Eiffel tower in Paris]] possible.
▲Tresca was also among the designers of the [[standardization|standard]] metre etalon. After the Treaty of the Meter had been signed in 1875, the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) in Sèvres, France made 28 prototype line standards of platinum-iridium. The bars had a modified X cross section named for the French scientist, Tresca who designed them. The Tresca section was designed to provide maximum stiffness. Small elliptical areas on the upper surface of the central rib at each end of the bars were highly polished, and three lines, nominally 0.5 mm apart, were ruled on these surfaces, the distance between the middle lines of each group defining the standard length. One of the bars was selected as the International Meter. The United States received National Prototype Meters No. 27 and No. 21 in 1890. When the [[Mendenhall Order]] in 1893 declared the meter to be the fundamental length standard, No. 27 became the US primary national standard for all length measurements. It remained so until 1960.<ref>[http://museum.nist.gov/object.asp?ObjID=37 National Prototype Meter No. 27<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
▲Tresca was made an honorary member of the [[American Society of Mechanical Engineers]] in 1882.<ref>[http://www.asme.org/Governance/Honors/SocietyAwards/Honorary_Member.cfm Honorary Member - Society Awards<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
==See also==
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* [[Strain (materials science)|Strain]]
* [[3-D elasticity]]
* [[Viscoplasticity]]
==References==
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==External links ==
* [https://archive.today/20121210201037/http://mechanima.upb.de/Geschichte/1814%20-%20Tresca/ Henri Tresca in Technische Mechanik für Ingenieure]
* [Henri] Tresca, Appendix C: [https://books.google.com/books?id=b2Q_AQAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA83 Note on the form which it is advisable to adopt for the metres to be constructed by the International Commission], pp 77-93, in ''Second Report of the Commissioner of Inland Revenue of the Inspection of Weights, Measures and Gas'', in ''Sessional Papers, Volume 2, Second Session of the Third Parliament of the Dominion of Canada, Session 1875, Volume VIII'' (English translation of Tresca's French paper on Tresca section)
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[[Category:1814 births]]
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[[Category:People from Dunkirk]]
[[Category:French engineers]]
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