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Line 15: }} The '''Casa da Índia''' ({{IPA-pt\|ˈkazɐ ðɐ ˈĩdiɐ}}; [[English language\|English]]: '''''India House''''' or '''''House of India''''') was a Portuguese [[state-run enterprise\|state-run]] commercial organization during the [[Age of Discovery]]. It regulated [[international trade]] and the [[Portuguese Empire]]'s territories, colonies, and [[factory (trading post)\|factories (trading posts)]] across Asia and Africa. Central to the Casa da Índia's objectives was the establishment and protection of a Portuguese ''[[mare clausum]]'' ("closed sea" – total control of the seas) in the [[Atlantic Ocean]], [[Indian Ocean]], [[Arabian ~~sea~~Sea]], and the [[East Indies\|Indies]]. The House of India was founded by King [[Manuel I of Portugal]] in 1500 to direct Portugal's monopoly of the [[spice trade]] and to manage royal policy for [[Portuguese India]]. Following 1503, it absorbed the ''[[Company of Guinea\|Casa da Guiné e Mina]]'', an organization founded by [[Prince Henry the Navigator]] in 1443, which operated under a similar mandate for Portuguese Africa, thus making the Casa da Índia responsible for the regulation of all Portuguese imperial trade, the administration of Portuguese trading posts and military bases in Asia and Africa, and protection of the [[List of Portuguese monarchs\|Portuguese Crown]]'s commercial interests. Founded with the intent of protecting Portugal's [[monopoly]] onof the spice trade, the Casa da Índia in 1497 began financing and organizing the [[Portuguese India Armadas]] ~~in 1497~~, annual armadas of [[galleon]]s, [[carrack]]s, and [[caravel]]s transporting commodities, ~~like~~such as gold, ivory, and spices, ~~between~~to [[Lisbon]] ~~and the~~from Portuguese trading posts and colonies across Africa and Asia. The Casa da Índia sponsored numerous famous Portuguese navigators, including [[Vasco da Gama]] (who [[Portuguese discovery of the sea route to India\|discovered the sea route to India]]), [[Pedro Álvares Cabral]] (who discovered [[Brazil]]), and [[Afonso de Albuquerque]] (who established Portuguese hegemony in the [[Indian Ocean]]). Throughout the 15th and 16th centuries, the Casa da Índia rapidly grew into an economically powerful institution, playing a crucial role in the financing of the [[Portuguese discoveries]] and expeditions throughout [[West Africa]], [[East Africa]], the [[Middle East]], [[India]], and the [[East Indies]]. The Casa da Índia similarly played an important role in the development of modern [[cartography]], patronizing the ''[[Padrão Real]]'', one of the first [[early world maps]]. Throughout the 15th and 16th centuries, the Casa da Índia rapidly grew into an economically powerful institution that played a crucial role in the financing of [[Portuguese discoveries]] and expeditions throughout [[West Africa]], [[East Africa]], the [[Middle East]], [[India]], and the [[East Indies]]. The Casa da Índia also played an important role in the development of modern [[cartography]], patronizing the ''[[Padrão Real]]'', one of the first [[early world maps]]. From its origins in the 1400s until its dissolution in 1833, the Casa da Índia's principal objectives changed with time, as did its relationships with the [[Kingdom of Portugal\|Crown of Portugal]] and the imperial administration. Following 1642, it lost all of its trade monopolies on gold, silver, ivory, spices, and other precious commodities, transforming the organization's purview to solely a trade regulator and [[customs]] agency. Following the destruction of its [[Ribeira Palace]] headquarters and facilities in the [[1755 Lisbon earthquake\|Great Lisbon Earthquake of 1755]], the Casa da Índia grew increasingly obsolete in relation to Portugal's transforming trade and colonial policies, leading to most of its functions being slowly absorbed into ministries and agencies of the [[Portuguese government]] until its final dissolution in 1833.▼ ▲~~From~~Between ~~its~~the origins of the Casa da Índia in the 1400s ~~until~~and its dissolution in 1833, ~~the Casa da Índia's~~its principal ~~objectives changed with~~aims ~~time~~evolved, as did its ~~relationships~~relations with the [[Kingdom of Portugal\|Crown of Portugal]] and the imperial administration. ~~Following~~After 1642, it lost all of its trade monopolies on gold, silver, ivory, and spices, and ~~other precious commodities, transforming the organization's purview to~~became solely a trade regulator and [[customs]] agency. Following the destruction of its [[Ribeira Palace]] headquarters and facilities in the [[1755 Lisbon earthquake\|Great Lisbon Earthquake of 1755]], the Casa da Índia grew increasingly obsolete in relation to Portugal's ~~transforming~~evolving trade and colonial policies, ~~leading to~~and most of its functions ~~being~~were slowly absorbed into ministries and agencies of the [[Portuguese government]], until ~~its~~the final dissolution of the Casa da Índia in 1833. ==History== Line 139 ⟶ 141: [[Category:Economic history of Portugal]] [[Category:Maritime history of Portugal]] [[Category:Trading companies of Portugal]] [[Category:Portuguese India]] [[Category:Portuguese India Armadas]]