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| settlement_type = [[List of regions of the United States|Region]] of [[California]]
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| image_skyline = Downtown San Bernardino.jpg
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'''Eastern California''' is a region defined as either the strip to the east of the crest of the [[Sierra Nevada (U.S.)|Sierra Nevada]] or as the easternmost counties of [[California]].{{cn|date=August 2022}}
==Demographics==
According to the 2010 census, the population of the eastern border counties of California was 5,129,384. However, 4,224,851 (82.4%) lived in San Bernardino and Riverside counties, which are very large and whose populations are concentrated near [[Los Angeles County, California|Los Angeles]] and [[Orange County, California|Orange]] counties to the southwest.
== Culture and history ==
Eastern California's history differs significantly from that of the coastal regions and the [[Central Valley (California)|Central Valley]]. Northeastern California is very sparsely populated (except for the area around [[Lake Tahoe]]): the three least-populated counties of California lie in the northeast.<ref name="population">{{cite web| url = https://www.counties.org/data-and-research | title = Data and Research | publisher = California State Association of Counties | access-date = April 28, 2020}}</ref> The area tends to be politically [[conservatism|conservative]], much like the rest of the rural [[Western United States]]. However, the counties of [[San Bernardino County, California|San Bernardino]] and [[Riverside County, California|Riverside]] form the 13th-largest metropolitan area of the United States,<ref name=OMB>{{cite web|url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Bulletin-20-01.pdf|id=OMB Bulletin 20-01|publisher=Office of Management and Budget|title=Revised Delineations of Metropolitan Statistical Areas, Micropolitan Statistical Areas, and Combined Statistical Areas, and Guidance on Uses of the Delineations of These Areas|access-date=April 28, 2020}}</ref><ref name=PopEstCBSA>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2010s-total-metro-and-micro-statistical-areas.html |title=Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas Population Totals and Components of Change: 2010-2019 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]], Population Division |date=April 2019 |access-date=April 18, 2020}}</ref> and [[El Dorado County, California|El Dorado]] and [[Placer County, California|Placer]] Counties are part of the [[Greater Sacramento]] area<ref name=OMB/> and are culturally influenced by their respective metropolitan areas. [[Imperial County]] in the Southeast, though rural and agrarian, is heavily Democratic and has ties with the [[Mexicali Valley]] to the south.
Northeastern California has had strong ties to Nevada, with the exact boundary between the two states having once been a matter of dispute.<ref>{{cite web|title=A Moving Monument|author=Bruce A. Metcalfe|
There are many unique historical aspects of Eastern California including the [[Manzanar internment camp]] and the historical [[Carson and Colorado Railway]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eastern California Museum {{!}} Inyo County California |url=https://www.inyocounty.us/residents/things-to-do/eastern-california-museum |access-date=2022-05-19 |website=www.inyocounty.us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Carson & Colorado Railway |url=https://carsoncolorado.com/ |access-date=2022-05-19 |website=Carson & Colorado Railway |language=en-US}}</ref>
== Geography ==
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{{div col end}}
Cities within this region include [[San Bernardino, California|San Bernardino]], [[Riverside, California|Riverside]], [[Ontario, California|Ontario]], [[Corona, California|Corona]], [[Rancho Cucamonga, California|Rancho Cucamonga]], [[Roseville, California|Roseville]], [[Victorville, California|Victorville]], [[Temecula, California|Temecula]], [[Palm Springs, California|Palm Springs]], [[Lincoln, California|Lincoln]], [[El Centro, California|El Centro]], [[Barstow, California|Barstow]], [[South Lake Tahoe, California|South Lake Tahoe]], [[Susanville, California|Susanville]], [[Truckee, California|Truckee]], [[Grass Valley, California|Grass Valley]], [[Placerville, California|Placerville]], and [[Alturas, California|Alturas]].
== Cities larger than 50,000 population==
The following incorporated places have a population of 50,000 or greater, according to the
=== Placer County ===
*[[Roseville, California|Roseville]]:
*[[Rocklin, California|Rocklin]]:
=== San Bernardino County ===
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
*[[Apple Valley, California|Apple Valley]]:
*[[Chino, California|Chino]]: 91,
*[[Chino Hills, California|Chino Hills]]:
*[[Colton, California|Colton]]:
*[[Fontana, California|Fontana]]:
*[[Hesperia, California|Hesperia]]:
*[[Highland, California|Highland]]:
*[[Ontario, California|Ontario]]:
*[[Rancho Cucamonga, California|Rancho Cucamonga]]:
*[[Redlands, California|Redlands]]:
*[[Rialto, California|Rialto]]:
*[[San Bernardino, California|San Bernardino]]:
*[[Upland, California|Upland]]:
*[[Victorville, California|Victorville]]:
*[[Yucaipa, California|Yucaipa]]:
{{div col end}}
=== Riverside County ===
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
*[[Beaumont, California|Beaumont]]: 53,036
*[[Cathedral City, California|Cathedral City]]: 51,493
*[[Corona, California|Corona]]: 157,136
*[[Eastvale, California|Eastvale]]: 69,757
*[[Hemet, California|Hemet]]: 89,833
*[[Indio, California|Indio]]: 89,137
*[[Jurupa Valley, California|Jurupa Valley]]: 105,053
*[[Lake Elsinore, California|Lake Elsinore]]: 70,265
*[[Menifee, California|Menifee]]: 102,527
*[[Moreno Valley, California|Moreno Valley]]: 208,634
*[[Murrieta, California|Murrieta]]: 110,949
*[[Palm Desert, California|Palm Desert]]: 51,163
*[[Perris, California|Perris]]: 78,700
*[[Riverside, California|Riverside]]: 314,998
*[[San Jacinto, California|San Jacinto]]: 53,898
*[[Temecula, California|Temecula]]: 110,003
{{div col end}}
==Geology==
[[File:Mesquite Sand Dunes in Death Valley.jpg|thumb|right|Sand dunes in [[Death Valley]]]]
Because Eastern California is generally in the rain shadow of the Sierra Nevada or the [[Transverse Ranges]], the climate is extremely dry and can be considered a [[desert]]. Indeed, the hottest and lowest area in [[North America]] lies in [[Death Valley]], in the heart of Eastern California.
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== Climate ==
The majority of Eastern California experiences two seasons, a long, dry summer and a milder winter in which the rain is concentrated. Most higher elevations experience four distinct seasons. There are some areas where the weather is very diverse. The Sierra Nevada mountain range has larger amounts of snowfall, while the Imperial Valley has more arid conditions.<ref name="Canadian Environmental Issues 2012. p61-72">Worldmark Encyclopedia of U.S. and Canadian Environmental Issues. Ed. Susan Bevan Gall and Margaret K. Antone. Detroit, MI: Gale, 2012. p61-72.</ref> The Sierra Nevada's average temperature is around {{convert|47
With its low and often sporadic rainfall, California is susceptible to drought, and in many parts of the state including Eastern California, there is very high fire danger and there have been several devastating wildfires.<ref
== Economy ==
[[File:Snowy forest in Boreal, California.jpg|thumb|right|Snowy forest at [[Boreal Mountain Resort]]]]
The northern counties of Eastern California are heavily timbered areas. The timber industry is a major contributor to the economy from sale of timber and forest products and the number of jobs that it provides. These timbered areas not only provide valuable income, but are also the main growing sector for the economy for recreation and tourism. In the Sierra Nevada National Forests they experience 50 million recreational visitor days per year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sierraforestlegacy.org/FC_FireForestEcology/FFE_ForestEconomics.php|title=Forest Economics
== Transportation ==
===Major highways===
[[Image:Edcmap1.png|thumb|right|upright=1.2|Map of El Dorado County in Northern California]]
[[File:Silver Lake Mammoth September 2016 001.jpg|thumb|right|View from State Route 158]]
{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
*'''Modoc County'''
**[[File:
**[[File:California 139.svg|25px|link= |alt=]] [[California State Route 139|State Route 139]]
**[[File:California 299.svg|25px|link= |alt=]] [[California State Route 299|State Route 299]]
*'''Lassen County'''
**[[Image:
**[[Image:California
**[[Image:California
**[[Image:California
**[[Image:California 299.svg|25px|link= |alt=]] [[California State Route 299|State Route 299]]
**[[File:California 36.svg|20px]] [[California State Route 36|State Route 36]]
**[[File:California 49.svg|20px]] [[California State Route 49|State Route 49]]
**[[File:California 70.svg|20px]] [[California State Route 70|State Route 70]]
**[[File:California 89.svg|20px]] [[California State Route 89|State Route 89]]
**[[File:California 284.svg|25px]] [[California State Route 284|State Route 284]]
*'''Sierra County'''
**[[File:US 395 (1961 cutout).svg|25px]] [[U.S. Route 395 (California)|U.S. Route 395]]
**[[File:
**[[File:
**[[File:California
*'''Nevada County'''
**[[File:I-80 (CA).svg|20px]] [[Interstate 80 (California)|Interstate 80]]
**[[File:California 20.svg|20px]] [[California State Route 20|State Route 20]]
**[[File:
**[[File:California
**[[File:California
*'''Placer County'''
**[[File:
**[[File:California 28.svg|20px]] [[California State Route 28|State Route 28]]
**[[File:California 49.svg|20px]] [[California State Route 49|State Route 49]]
*
*
*
*
*'''El Dorado County'''
*
*
**[[Image:California 89.svg|20px|link= |alt=]] [[California State Route 89|State Route 89]]
**[[Image:California 193.svg|25px|link= |alt=]] [[California State Route 193|State Route 193]]
**[[Luther Pass]]
*'''Alpine County'''
**[[Image:California
**[[Image:California
**[[Image:California
*'''Mono County'''
**[[File:US 6 (1961 cutout).svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 6 (California)|U.S. Route 6]]
**[[File:US 395 (1961 cutout).svg|25px]] [[U.S. Route 395 (California)|U.S. Route 395]]
**[[
**[[
**[[
**[[File:California 167.svg|25px]] [[California State Route 167|State Route 167]]
**[[File:California 182.svg|25px]] [[California State Route 182|State Route 182]]
**[[File:
*'''Inyo County'''
**[[File:
**[[File:
**[[File:California
**[[File:California
**[[File:California
**[[File:California 178.svg|25px]] [[California State Route 178|State Route 178]]
**[[File:California 190.svg|25px]] [[California State Route 190|State Route 190]]
*'''San Bernardino County'''
**{{jct|state=CA|I|10}}
**{{jct|state=CA|I|15}}
**{{jct|state=CA|BL|15|dab1=Barstow}}
**{{jct|state=CA|I|40}}
**{{jct|state=CA|I|215}}
**{{jct|state=CA|US|95}}
**{{jct|state=CA|US|395}}
**{{jct|state=CA|SR|2}}
**{{jct|state=CA|SR|18}}
**{{jct|state=CA|
**{{jct|state=CA|
**{{jct|state=CA|
**{{jct|state=CA|
**{{jct|state=CA|
**{{jct|state=CA|
**{{jct|state=CA|
**{{jct|state=CA|SR|
**{{jct|state=CA|SR|
**{{jct|state=CA|SR|
**{{jct|state=CA|SR|
**{{jct|state=CA|SR|
**{{jct|state=CA|SR|
**{{jct|state=CA|SR|
**{{jct|state=CA|SR|
**{{jct|state=CA|SR|
*'''Riverside County'''
**{{jct|state=CA|
**{{jct|state=CA|
**{{jct|state=CA|
**{{jct|state=CA|
**[[File:US 95 (1961 cutout).svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 95 in California|U.S. Route 95]]
**[[File:US 99 (1961 cutout).svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 99 (California)|Historic U.S. Route 99]]
**[[File:US 395 (CA).svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 395 (California)|Historic U.S. Route 395]]
**[[File:California 60.svg|20px]] [[California State Route 60|State Route 60]]
**[[File:California 62.svg|20px]] [[California State Route 62|State Route 62]]
**[[File:California 71.svg|20px]] [[California State Route 71|State Route 71]]
**[[File:California 74.svg|20px]] [[California State Route 74|State Route 74]]
**[[File:California 78.svg|20px]] [[California State Route 78|State Route 78]]
**[[File:California 79.svg|20px]] [[California State Route 79|State Route 79]]
**[[File:California 86.svg|20px]] [[California State Route 86|State Route 86]]
**[[File:California 91.svg|20px]] [[California State Route 91|State Route 91]]
**[[File:California 111.svg|25px]] [[California State Route 111|State Route 111]]
**[[File:California 177.svg|25px]] [[California State Route 177|State Route 177]]
**[[File:California 243.svg|25px]] [[California State Route 243|State Route 243]]
**[[File:California 371.svg|25px]] [[California State Route 371|State Route 371]]
{{div col end}}
== Educational Institutions ==
[[File:DeepSpringsCattleDrive.jpg|thumb|right|upright=2|Students at [[Deep Springs College]] driving cattle]]
===Private institutions===
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===Community Colleges===
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* [[Lassen Community College]]
* [[Feather River College]]
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* [[Victor Valley College]]
* [[Mt. San Jacinto College]]
* [[College of the Desert]]
{{div col end}}
===Public Institutions===
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* [[University of California, Riverside]]
=== National Parks===
[[File:Mount Lassen (3639369082).jpg|thumb|Mount Lassen]]
*
*[[Lassen National Park]]
*[[Lava Beds National Monument]]
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*[[Tule Lake Unit, World War II Valor in the Pacific National Monument]]
*[[Joshua Tree National Park]]
<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/state/ca/index.htm|title=California (U.S. National Park Service)|website=NPS.gov|language=en|access-date=2018-10-20}}</ref>
== See also ==
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== References ==
{{reflist|33em}}
==Further reading==
* {{cite
* {{cite
* {{cite
* {{cite
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