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{{Short description|British geologist (1903–1991)}}
{{EngvarB|date=December 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
'''John Bicknell Auden''' (14 December 1903 – 21 January 1991) was an English [[geologist]] and [[explorer]], older brother of the poet [[W. H. Auden]], who worked for many years in India with the [[Geological Survey of India]] and later with the [[Food and Agriculture Organization]]. He studied the Himalayan strata, particularly the Krol Belt where he recognized rocks from the Peninsula thrusting north into the Himalayas. He also studied groundwater and was involved in studying the geology of many dam sites in India. [[Auden's Col]] is named after him.
== Biography==
Auden was born at 54 [[Bootham]] in York, the second son of [[George Augustus Auden]] with Constance Rosalie
==Geology in India==
Auden took an interest in the [[Vindhya Range|Vindhyan formations]] of the Himalayas and
The Geological Survey of India offered the position of a director to Auden in 1953 but he declined it on the grounds of health and also pointed out that it would be only right for an Indian to lead (who would be [[M. S. Krishnan (geologist)|M.S. Krishnan]]) it. After retiring from the
== Personal life==
He was married twice, first to Margaret Marshall who was initially a counsel for Auden and had been interested in psychology. She suggested that his depression would improve if he did no return to India. After the death of Margaret's husband, Douglas Marshall, she married John in 1930 and went to India. John found Margaret domineering, unfaithful and a spendthrift and they separated in January 1932 and divorced in October 1933. He married again in 1940, to Sheila Bonnerjee, a granddaughter of [[Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee]], first president and founder of the [[Indian National Congress]]; they had two daughters. He was a convert from Anglican to [[Roman Catholic]]ism in 1951.<ref name=odnb /><ref>Boris Berkhoff, "Obituary: John Auden", ''The Independent'', 26 January 1991</ref>▼
The milieu of Auden and his generation of explorers forms the central narrative of ''The Last Englishmen: Love, War, and the End of Empire'', a historical book by [[Deborah Baker]].
▲
He converted from Anglican to [[Roman Catholic]]ism in 1951,<ref name=odnb /><ref>Boris Berkhoff, "Obituary: John Auden", ''The Independent'', 26 January 1991</ref> and died in London on 21 January the same year. According to his requests, he was cremated and a Mass was held on the 29th at Westminster Cathedral. Further to his request, his ashes were immersed in the Ganges at Rishikesh on 14 December 1991.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Auden, Rita| title= In Memoriam. J.B. Auden| journal=Himalayan Journal|volume=47| year=1991|url=https://www.himalayanclub.org/hj/47/24/in-memoriam-36/ }}</ref>
==Publications ==
* Auden, J. B. (1933) "On the age of certain Himalayan granites".
* Auden, J. B. (1933). "Vindhyan sedimentation in the Son Valley, Mirzapur district". Office of the Geological survey of India.
* Gilbert, L. B., & Auden, J. B. (1933). "Note on a Glacier In the Arwa valley. British Garhwal."
* Auden, J. B. (1934) "The geology of the Krol belt".
* Auden, J. B. (1935) "Traverses in the Himalaya".
* Auden, J. B. (1935). "The snout of the Biafo glacier in Baltistan".
* Auden, J. B., & Ghosh, A. M. N. (1935). "Preliminary Account of the Earthquake of the 15th January, 1934, in Bihar and Nepal". ''Records of the Geological Survey of India'', 68(2).
* Auden, J.B. (1937). "Snout of the Gangotri glacier, Tehri Garhwal". ''Records of Geological Survey of India'', 72/2:135-140.
* Auden, J.B. (1937) "The Structure of the Himalaya in Garhwal." ''Records
* Shipton, E., Spender, M., & Auden, J. B. (1938). "The Shaksgam Expedition, 1937." ''Geographical Journal'',
* Auden, J. B. (1938). Résumé of geological results, Shaksgam Expedition, 1937. Himal. J, 10,
* Wadia, D. N., & Auden, J. B. (1939). Geology and structure of Northern India. Mem. Geol. Surv. India, 73,
* Dunn, J. A., Auden, J. B., & Ghosh, A. M. N. (1939). Earthquake effects. Memoir Geological Survey of India, 73,
* Auden, J. B. (1942). A Geological Investigation of Tunnel Alignments for the Jumna Hydro-Electric Scheme.
* Auden, J. B. (1941). An excursion to Gangotri. Himalayan Journal,
* Auden, J. B. (1942). Note on the Kalagarh Landslide-Mussoorie-Dehradun Motor Road. Rec. Geol. Surv. Ind, 77.
* Auden, J. B. (1948). Notes on earthquakes in relation to Damodar Valley Projects.
* Auden, J. B. (1949). [https://web.archive.org/web/20140714231038/http://www.new1.dli.ernet.in/data1/upload/insa/INSA_1/20005b88_315.pdf A geological discussion on the Satpura hypothesis and Garo-Rajmahal gap.] In Proc. Natl. Inst. Sci. of India (Vol. 15, p. 55).
* Auden, J. B. (1949). Note on the earthquake tremors at Shahkot, Sheikhupura district, Punjab, of September 1943. Records Geol. Surv. India, 78,
* Auden, J. B. (1949). Note on the earthquake tremors at Shahkot, Sheikhupura district, Punjab, of September 1943. Records Geol. Surv. India, 78,
* Auden, J. B. (1950). [https://web.archive.org/web/20140714180637/http://202.41.82.144/rawdataupload/upload/insa/INSA_2/20005a88_501.pdf Some factors concerning the transport of sediments of rivers]. In Proc.
* Taylor, G. C
* Auden, J. B. (1952). Some geological and chemical aspects of the Rajasthan salt problem. Bull. Nat. Inst. Sci. Ind, 1,
* Auden, J. B., & Saha, A. K. (1952). Geological notes on central Nepal. Records of the Geological survey of India, 82,
* Auden, J. B. (1954). Erosional patterns and fracture zones in Peninsular India. Geological Magazine, 91(02),
* Auden, J. B. (1959). Earthquakes in relation to the Damodar Valley Project. In Proc. Symp. Earthquake Engg (Vol. 1).
* Auden, J. B. (1960). Note on gypsum near Lachhmanjhula and Sahasradhara, Uttar Pradesh. Rec. Geol. Surv. Ind., 86 (2).
* Auden, J. B. (1972). Review of the tectonic map of India published by ONGC. J. Geol. Soc. India, 13,
* Auden, J. B. (1972). Discussion of KG Cox, The Karroo volcanic cycle: Geol. Soc. London Jour, 128, 334.
* Auden, J. B. (1972). Seismicity and reservoirs. Comments Earth Sci., Geophys, 2,
* Auden, J. B. (1975). Seismicity associated with the Koyna reservoir, Maharashtra.
* Auden, J. B. (1981). India's former crustal neighbours. Indian National Science Academy.
* Auden, J. B. (1999). Dykes in western India. A discussion of their relationships with the Deccan Traps. Memoirs of the Geological Society of India (2):
==
{{Reflist}}
==
*''Dr. J. B. Auden commemorative volume: Symposium on the Geological and Engineering Problems of River Valley Projects'', by John Bicknell Auden, V. S. Krishnaswamy, P. N. Mehta, G. Pant, S. N. Sondhi and G. N. Jaitle (Calcutta, 1972).
*(Unsigned), "Dr John Auden", ''[[The Times]]'', 24 January 1991.
*Deborah Baker, "The Last Englishmen. Love, War and the End of Empire", 2018 (Penguin).
*Boris Berkhoff, "Obituary: John Auden", ''[[The Independent]]'', 26 January 1991.
*W. L. Webb, "The brothers Auden", ''[[The Guardian]]'', 26 January 1991.
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[[Category:English geologists]]▼
[[Category:World Health Organization officials]]
[[Category:People educated at St Edmund's School, Hindhead]]
[[Category:British officials of the United Nations]]
[[Category:Scientists from Yorkshire]]
[[Category:British expatriates in India]]
[[Category:British people in colonial India]]
[[Category:W. H. Auden]]
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