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{{Short description|Road in Melbourne, Victoria}}
{{Use Australian English|date=March 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}}
{{Infobox Australian road
| type = road
| state = vic▼
| road_name = Victoria Street
| road_name2 = Victoria Parade
| routestate = {{AUshield|S|32}} State Route 32vic
| image = Victoria Street Melbourne.jpg
| caption = Looking east along Victoria Street, past the [[Queen Victoria Market]], from the Capel Street intersection, [[North Melbourne]], February 2008
| caption =
| length = 7
| direction_a = West▼
| direction_b = East▼
| end_a = Munster Terrace and Anderson Street,<br />[[West Melbourne, Victoria|West Melbourne]]▼
| end_b = {{AUshield|S|32}} Barkers Road (Victoria Bridge),<br />[[Kew, Victoria|Kew]]▼
| est = 1900s
▲| state length = vic6.5
| through = [[North Melbourne, Victoria|North Melbourne]], [[Carlton, Victoria|Carlton]], [[Fitzroy, Victoria|Fitzroy]], [[East Melbourne, Victoria|East Melbourne]], [[Richmond, Victoria|Richmond]], [[Abbotsford, Victoria|Abbotsford]], [[West Melbourne, Victoria|West Melbourne]]▼
| length_ref = <ref name="gmaps">{{google maps |url=https://www.google.com.au/maps/dir/-37.8043826,144.942042/-37.8121465,145.015424/@-37.8114014,144.9673675,14.69z/data=!4m9!4m8!1m5!3m4!1m2!1d144.9914274!2d-37.8096172!3s0x6ad642e458cd10a7:0x71559eac91311bc4!1m0!3e0 |title=Victoria Street |access-date=10 November 2021 }}</ref>
| coordinates_a = {{coord|-37.804370|144.942080|type:landmark_region:AU-VIC|display=inline}}
| coordinates_b = {{coord|-37.812141|145.015390|type:landmark_region:AU-VIC|display=inline}}
| pushpin_label_position_a = left
| pushpin_label_position_b = right
| alternative_location_map=Australia Victoria metropolitan Melbourne
| route = {{AUshield|S|32}} Metro Route 32 {{small|(1965–present)<br />(North Melbourne–Kew)}}
▲| direction_a = West
▲| end_a = '''Munster Terrace'''<br and />'''Anderson Street,'''<br />{{small|[[West Melbourne, Victoria|West Melbourne]]}}
| exits = {{plainlist|
*Dryburgh Street
*{{AUshield|S|60}} Curzon /Street
*{{AUshield|S|60}} [[King Street, Melbourne|King StreetsStreet]]
*{{AUshield|S|32|S|55}} Peel Street
* [[Elizabeth Street, Melbourne|Elizabeth Street]]
* [[Swanston Street, Melbourne|Swanston Street]]
* [[Lygon Street, Melbourne|Lygon Street]]
* [[Russell Street, Melbourne|Russell Street]]
*{{AUshield|S|46}} Rathdowne Street
* [[Exhibition Street, Melbourne|Exhibition Street]]
* [[La Trobe Street, Melbourne|La Trobe Street]]
* [[Nicholson Street, Melbourne|Nicholson Street]]
*{{AUshield|S|45}} [[Brunswick Street, Melbourne|Brunswick Street]]
*Lansdowne Street
* [[Smith Street, Melbourne|Smith Street]]
*{{AUshield|S|29}} [[Hoddle Highway|Hoddle Street]]
*Church Street
*Burnley Street}}
}}
▲| direction_b = East
'''Victoria Street''' is one of the major thoroughfares of inner [[Melbourne]],<ref name=register>{{cite web |author=VicRoads |title=VicRoads – Register of Public Roads (Part A) |url=https://www.vicroads.vic.gov.au/~/media/files/documents/utilities/registerofpublicroadspartaaugust2013.ashx?la=en |format=PDF |publisher=Government of Victoria |pages=184–185 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141229081656/https://www.vicroads.vic.gov.au/~/media/files/documents/utilities/registerofpublicroadspartaaugust2013.ashx?la=en |archivedate=29 December 2014 |deadurl=no}}</ref> running east-west for over six kilometres between Munster Terrace in [[North Melbourne, Victoria|North Melbourne]] and the [[Yarra River]]. The road is known as '''Victoria Parade''' for over one-and-a-half kilometres of its length, between the prominent intersections of Spring Street and [[Hoddle Highway|Hoddle Street]], where is distinguishable with a wide reservation and tramway down the middle.<ref name="register" />▼
▲| end_b = {{AUshield|S|32}} '''Barkers Road (Victoria Bridge),'''<br />{{small|[[Kew, Victoria|Kew, Melbourne]]}}
| lga = {{plainlist|
* [[VictoriaCity Bridge,of Melbourne]]▼
*[[City of Yarra]]
}}
▲| through = [[NorthWest Melbourne, Victoria|West Melbourne]], [[North Melbourne]], [[Carlton, Victoria|Carlton]], [[Fitzroy, Victoria|Fitzroy]], [[East Melbourne, Victoria|East Melbourne]], [[RichmondCollingwood, Victoria|RichmondCollingwood]], [[AbbotsfordRichmond, Victoria|AbbotsfordRichmond]], [[West MelbourneAbbotsford, Victoria|West MelbourneAbbotsford]]}}
 
▲'''Victoria Street''' is one of the major thoroughfares of inner [[Melbourne]],<ref name=register>{{cite"vicreg-vsw" web |author=VicRoads |title=VicRoads – Register of Public Roads (Part A) |url=https://www.vicroads.vic.gov.au/~/media/files/documents/utilities/registerofpublicroadspartaaugust2013.ashx?la=en><ref |formatname=PDF"vicreg-vse" |publisher=Government of Victoria |pages=184–185 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141229081656/https://www.vicroads.vic.gov.au/~/media/files/documents/utilities/registerofpublicroadspartaaugust2013.ashx?la=en |archivedate=29 December 2014 |deadurl=no}}</ref> running east-westeast–west for over six kilometres between Munster Terrace in [[North Melbourne, Victoria|North Melbourne]] and the [[Yarra River]]. The road is known as '''Victoria Parade''' for over one-and-a-half kilometres of its length, (between the prominent intersections of [[Spring Street, Melbourne|Spring Street]] and [[Hoddle Highway|Hoddle Street]]), where is distinguishable with a wide reservation and tramway down the middle.<ref name="registervicreg-vp" />
 
Victoria Street touches the north-east corner of the [[Melbourne City Centre#Hoddle Grid|Hoddle Grid]] at the intersection of [[La Trobe Street, Melbourne|La Trobe Street]] and [[Spring Street, Melbourne|Spring Street]], opposite the [[Carlton Gardens, Melbourne|Carlton Gardens]]. After crossing the Yarra river over [[Victoria Bridge, Melbourne|Victoria Bridge]] the street continues as Barkers Road.
 
The road is well known for being an arterial road for cross-city traffic<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vicroads.vic.gov.au/traffic-and-road-use/road-network-and-performance/types-of-roads/victorias-road-network|title=Victoria|last=VicRoads|date=2015-10-01|website=www.vicroads.vic.gov.au|language=en-au|access-date=2017-01-08}}</ref> and for featuring the [[Queen Victoria Market]], Victoria Parade hospital precinct and Melbourne's Little Saigon.
 
== Surroundings ==
[[File:Melbourne Trades Hall entrance.jpg|left|thumb|The [[Victorian Trades Hall]] is located on Victoria Street]]
Victoria Street forms a part of the borders of several inner Melbourne suburbs, including [[West Melbourne, Victoria|West Melbourne]], [[North Melbourne, Victoria|North Melbourne]], [[Melbourne Citycentral Centrebusiness district|Melbourne]], [[Carlton, Victoria|Carlton]], [[East Melbourne, Victoria|East Melbourne]], [[Fitzroy, Victoria|Fitzroy]], [[Collingwood, Victoria|Collingwood]], [[Richmond, Victoria|Richmond]] and [[Abbotsford, Victoria|Abbotsford]].
 
In addition to the Carlton Gardens, several other Melbourne landmarks are located on Victoria Street, including [[RMIT University]], the [[Royal Exhibition Building]], [[St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne|St Vincent's Hospital]], [[Queen Victoria Market]], the [[Eastern Hill Fire Station]] and, the [[Victorian Trades Hall]] and [[Victoria Gardens Shopping Centre]].
 
The Richmond and Abbotsford stretch of Victoria Street is amongst Melbourne's most well known [[restaurant]] strips, hosting many [[Vietnam]]ese eateries and [[grocery store]]s.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.weekendnotes.com/eat-streets-melbourne/|title=Top 5 Eat Streets of Melbourne|access-date=2017-01-08}}</ref> Before its relocation to [[Westgarth, Victoria|Westgarth]], the [[Valhalla Cinema, Melbourne|Valhalla Cinema]] was also located in Victoria Street, Richmond.
 
== History ==
 
[[File:VictoriaParade Fitzroy.jpg|left|thumb|Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, [[1935 in Australia|1935]]|246x246px235x235px]]
 
=== Founding &and Namingnaming ===
Victoria Street was reserved as a government road in 1839. The road was originally called Simpson's Road after a magistrate who constructed a small footpath and road in 1843.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.yarracity.vic.gov.au/Planning--Building/Heritage/Heritage-Walk/North-Richmond-and-Victoria-Street-Heritage-Walk/|title=Yarra Council - North Richmond and Victoria Street Heritage Walk|website=www.yarracity.vic.gov.au|access-date=2017-01-08}}</ref> The street was renamed Victoria Street in the 1850s, namedin forhonour of [[Queen Victoria]]'s popularity and her [[Victoria (Australia)|namesake colony]].<ref name=":0" /> Though not part of the original Hoddle Grid, it was included as a thoroughfare in Hoddle's Mile extension.<ref>{{Citecitation journalneeded|date=2016-10-15|title=HoddleJanuary Grid|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hoddle_Grid&oldid=744444646|journal=Wikipedia|language=en2017}}</ref>▼
Victoria Street was reserved as a government road in 1839. The road was originally called Simpson's Road after a magistrate who constructed a
 
The street originally formed the boundary between the former cities (now suburbs) of Collingwood and Richmond, and as such did not feature many grand or civic buildings, though it does now feature numerous properties on the [[Victorian Heritage Register]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://vhd.heritagecouncil.vic.gov.au/places/73452|title=VHD|website=vhd.heritagecouncil.vic.gov.au|access-date=2017-01-14}}</ref> The western end of the street became a shopping centre for present-day Abbotsford and North Richmond in the 19th century, lined by predominantly double-storey terrace shops. The eastern end of the street was an industrial area comprising engineering factories and wool scouring industry.<ref name=":0" />▼
▲footpath and road in 1843.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.yarracity.vic.gov.au/Planning--Building/Heritage/Heritage-Walk/North-Richmond-and-Victoria-Street-Heritage-Walk/|title=Yarra Council - North Richmond and Victoria Street Heritage Walk|website=www.yarracity.vic.gov.au|access-date=2017-01-08}}</ref> The street was renamed Victoria Street in the 1850s, named for [[Queen Victoria]]'s popularity and her [[Victoria (Australia)|namesake colony]].<ref name=":0" /> Though not part of the original Hoddle Grid, it was included as a thoroughfare in Hoddle's Mile extension.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2016-10-15|title=Hoddle Grid|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hoddle_Grid&oldid=744444646|journal=Wikipedia|language=en}}</ref>
 
=== Growth &and Subdivision ===▼
▲The street originally formed the boundary between the former cities (now suburbs) of Collingwood and Richmond, and as such did not feature many grand or civic buildings, though it does now feature numerous properties on the [[Victorian Heritage Register]]. The western end of the street became a shopping centre for present-day Abbotsford and North Richmond in the 19th century, lined by predominantly double-storey terrace shops. The eastern end of the street was an industrial area comprising engineering factories and wool scouring industry.<ref name=":0" />
During the economic boom in the 1880s many of the buildings along Victoria Street were reconstructed and in 1884, the bridge over the Yarra River was built. This stimulated the subdivision of land at the end of Victoria Street, makingand made it more easily accessible than by using the former ferry service between the river banks. In 1886 a cable car tram line was installed at the eastern end of the street. This was subsequently converted into an electric tramway in 1929.<ref name=":0" />▼
 
▲=== Growth & Subdivision ===
▲During the economic boom in the 1880s many of the buildings along Victoria Street were reconstructed and in 1884, the bridge over the Yarra River was built. This stimulated the subdivision of land at the end of Victoria Street, making it more easily accessible than the former ferry service between the river banks. In 1886 a cable car tram line was installed at the eastern end of the street. This was subsequently converted into an electric tramway in 1929.
 
During the middle of the 20th century the importance of the street declined, however the area has been revitalised in more recent years as the shopping and community focus for some of Melbourne's South-East Asian migrants.<ref name=":0" />
Line 64 ⟶ 78:
=== Little Saigon ===
[[File:Victoria Street Gateway.jpg|left|thumb|The Victoria Street Gateway erected to recognise the cultural contribution of Vietnamese refugees|212x212px]]
The eastern stretch of Victoria Street (between Hoddle and Burnley Streets) is known colloquially as 'Little Saigon' or 'Little Vietnam'.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://grantourismotravels.com/2012/05/09/melbournes-little-saigon-victoria-street-richmond/|title=Melbourne’sMelbourne's Little Saigon, Victoria Street Richmond|date=2012-05-09|website=Grantourismo Travels|access-date=2017-01-08}}</ref> This is due to the influx of migrants to the surrounding area following the [[Vietnam War]], and the subsequent development of Vietnamese businesses during the 1980s.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://museumvictoria.com.au/origins/history.aspx?pid=97|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080730042231/http://museumvictoria.com.au/origins/history.aspx?pid=97|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 July 2008|title=Origins: History of immigration from Vietnam - Immigration Museum, Melbourne Australia|website=museumvictoria.com.au|access-date=2017-01-08}}</ref> This stretch of Victoria Street has become famous as an asianAsian grocery and restaurant precinct with [[Japanese cuisine|Japanese]], [[Korean cuisine|Korean]] and [[Thai cuisine|Thai]] options alongside the longer-standing Vietnamese establishments.
 
On 16 January 2014, a culturally-themed gateway was installed at the intersection of Victoria Street and Hoddle Street to recognise "the cultural contributions that have established Victoria Street's reputation as a bustling and diverse retail and dining strip."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.yarracity.vic.gov.au/services/Infrastructure/victoria-street-gateway-project//|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429132211/http://www.yarracity.vic.gov.au/services/Infrastructure/victoria-street-gateway-project//|url-status=dead|archive-date=2013-04-29|title=Yarra Council - Victoria Street Gateway Project|website=www.yarracity.vic.gov.au|access-date=2017-01-08}}</ref>
 
A Lunar Festival celebrating [[Tết]], the Vietnamese New Year festival of the [[Lunar calendar]], has been held in the Little Saigon stretch of Victoria Street since 20101994.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.victoriastreet.org.au/news|title=Victoria Street Business Association - News|website=www.victoriastreet.org.au|access-date=2017-01-14}}</ref> The street is closed to traffic and many food and culture stalls, live performances and cultural events line the section of road between Hoddle Street and [[Chapel Street, Melbourne|Church Street]].
 
===Road classification===
Victoria Street (and Victoria Parade) was signed as Metropolitan Route 32 between Carlton and Kew in 1965, diverging from Victoria Parade to run through the city along [[La Trobe Street|Latrobe]], Adderley and [[Dudley Street]]s to [[Docklands, Victoria|Docklands]]. It was re-routed to run further west along Victoria Street, turning south and west along Peel and [[Dudley Street]]s to [[Docklands, Victoria|Docklands]] instead in 1989.
 
The passing of the ''Road Management Act 2004''<ref name="roadact">{{cite web |author=State Government of Victoria |title=Road Management Act 2004 |url=https://content.legislation.vic.gov.au/sites/default/files/2021-08/04-12aa062%20authorised.pdf |publisher=Government of Victoria |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211018233332/https://content.legislation.vic.gov.au/sites/default/files/2021-08/04-12aa062%20authorised.pdf |archivedate=18 October 2021 |url-status=live |access-date=19 October 2021 }}</ref> granted the responsibility of overall management and development of Victoria's major arterial roads to [[VicRoads]]: in 2004, VicRoads re-declared the road as '''Victoria Street''' (Arterial #5082), between Dryburgh and [[King Street, Melbourne|King Street]]s in [[North Melbourne]] and between Peel Street in North Melbourne and [[Nicholson Street]] in [[Carlton, Victoria|Carlton]],<ref name="vicreg-vsw">{{cite web |author=VicRoads |title=VicRoads – Register of Public Roads (Part A) 2015 |url=https://www.vicroads.vic.gov.au/-/media/files/documents/utilities/about-vr/acts-and-regulations/register-of-public-roads---part-a-v-2015.ashx?la=en&hash=116BE6FB86F506FF0B5BAFBEA45FCD6C |format=PDF |publisher=Government of Victoria |page=895 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200501042521/https://www.vicroads.vic.gov.au/-/media/files/documents/utilities/about-vr/acts-and-regulations/register-of-public-roads---part-a-v-2015.ashx?la=en&hash=116BE6FB86F506FF0B5BAFBEA45FCD6C |archivedate=1 May 2020 |url-status=live |access-date=19 October 2021 }}</ref> as '''Victoria Parade''' (Arterial #5083) between Nicholson Street in [[Carlton, Victoria|Carlton]] and [[Hoddle Highway|Hoddle Street]] at [[Abbotsford, Victoria|Abbotsford]],<ref name="vicreg-vp">{{cite web |author=VicRoads |title=VicRoads – Register of Public Roads (Part A) 2015 |url=https://www.vicroads.vic.gov.au/-/media/files/documents/utilities/about-vr/acts-and-regulations/register-of-public-roads---part-a-v-2015.ashx?la=en&hash=116BE6FB86F506FF0B5BAFBEA45FCD6C |format=PDF |publisher=Government of Victoria |page=198 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200501042521/https://www.vicroads.vic.gov.au/-/media/files/documents/utilities/about-vr/acts-and-regulations/register-of-public-roads---part-a-v-2015.ashx?la=en&hash=116BE6FB86F506FF0B5BAFBEA45FCD6C |archivedate=1 May 2020 |url-status=live |access-date=19 October 2021 }}</ref> and as '''Victoria Street''' (Arterial #5948), beginning at Hoddle Street at [[Abbotsford, Victoria|Abbotsford]] and ending at Barkers Road in [[Richmond, Victoria|Richmond]].<ref name="vicreg-vse">{{cite web |author=VicRoads |title=VicRoads – Register of Public Roads (Part A) 2015 |url=https://www.vicroads.vic.gov.au/-/media/files/documents/utilities/about-vr/acts-and-regulations/register-of-public-roads---part-a-v-2015.ashx?la=en&hash=116BE6FB86F506FF0B5BAFBEA45FCD6C |format=PDF |publisher=Government of Victoria |page=895 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200501042521/https://www.vicroads.vic.gov.au/-/media/files/documents/utilities/about-vr/acts-and-regulations/register-of-public-roads---part-a-v-2015.ashx?la=en&hash=116BE6FB86F506FF0B5BAFBEA45FCD6C |archivedate=1 May 2020 |url-status=live |access-date=19 October 2021 }}</ref>
 
== Transport ==
[[File:Tram at St-Vincent's Plaza.jpg|thumb|[[Melbourne tram route 30|Route 30 Tramtram]] at [[St Vincent's Plaza interchange]] on Victoria Parade]]
Victoria Street is serviced extensively by [[public transport]], with [[St Vincent's Plaza]] acting as an interchange stop for most tram and bus routes that run along the street.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://static.ptv.vic.gov.au/siteassets/Maps/Routes/PDFs/1880_Tram30.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=8 January 2017 |archive-date=8 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108190203/https://static.ptv.vic.gov.au/siteassets/Maps/Routes/PDFs/1880_Tram30.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Several [[Trams in Melbourne|tram]] routes run along portions of Victoria Street and Victoria Parade's length, including the [[Melbourne tram route 11|11]], [[Melbourne tram route 12|12]], [[Melbourne tram route 2430|2430]], [[Melbourne tram route 57|57]] and [[Melbourne tram route 109|109]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ptv.vic.gov.au/stop/view2483/st-vincents-plazavictoria-pde-12/1/tram/17895/|title=12-St Vincents Plaza/Victoria Pde (East Melbourne) - Public Transport Victoria|website=www.ptv.vic.gov.au|access-date=2017-01-0829 January 2019}}</ref>
 
[[Buses inKinetic Melbourne|Bus routes]] bus routes connecting the [[Melbourne Citycentral Centrebusiness district]] to its [[Eastern suburbs (Melbourne)|Eastern suburbs]] also run along Victoria Parade for parts of their journeys, primarily between Spring Street and Hoddle Street.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ptv.vic.gov.au/stop/view20265/47718australian-catholic-universityvictoria-pde/2/bus/|title=Australian Catholic University/Victoria Pde (Fitzroy) - Australian Catholic Uni - Public Transport Victoria|website=www.ptv.vic.gov.au|access-date=2017-01-0829 January 2019}}</ref> Bus[[Transit Systems Victoria]] bus route 402 to [[Footscray, Victoria|Footscray]] also terminates on Victoria StStreet at the [[Carlton Gardens]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ptv.vic.gov.au/stop/view32475/carlton-gardensvictoria-st/2/bus/50835|title=Carlton Gardens/Victoria St (Carlton) - Carlton Gardens - Public Transport Victoria|website=www.ptv.vic.gov.au|access-date=2017-01-0829 January 2019}}</ref>
 
[[North Richmond railway station]] lies on Victoria Street in the Eastern Suburb of Richmond at the corner of Regent Street. It is close by the Hoddle Street intersection, Little Saigon and a connected tram stop.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ptv.vic.gov.au/stop/1145|title=North Richmond Railway Station (Richmond) - Public Transport Victoria|website=www.ptv.vic.gov.au|access-date=29 January 2019}}</ref> Though no other railway stations are located on Victoria Street itself, [[North Melbourne railway station]] is near its western end.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ptv.vic.gov.au/stop/1144|title=North Melbourne Railway Station (West Melbourne) - Public Transport Victoria|website=www.ptv.vic.gov.au|access-date=29 January 2019}}</ref>
No train stations are located on Victoria Street, however [[North Melbourne railway station]] is near its western end and [[North Richmond railway station]] lies further east, close to the Hoddle Street intersection.
 
==See also==
{{portal-inline|Australian roads}}
▲* [[Victoria Bridge, Melbourne]]
 
==References==
Line 88 ⟶ 106:
 
[[Category:Streets in Melbourne]]
[[Category:Fitzroy, Victoria]]
 
[[Category:Transport in the City of Melbourne (LGA)]]
 
[[Category:Transport in the City of Yarra]]
{{Australia-road-stub}}
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