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{{Bengali literature}}
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'''Bengali poetry''' is a rich tradition of poetry in the [[Bengali language]] and has many different forms. Originating in
==Introduction==
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Poetry in the colloquial dialect of Bengal first originated from [[Prakrit]], and based upon local socio-cultural traditions. It was antagonistic towards [[Historical Vedic religion|Vedic]] rituals and laws as opposed to the [[sahaja]]ya traditions of the poets themselves - who were mainly [[Buddhist]] sages.<ref>{{cite Banglapedia|author=Arif, Hakim| article=Poetry}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=March 2021}}
The medieval period marked the introduction of {{transliteration|sa|[[puthi]]s}}, which played an important role in [[Muslim]] life and brought much [[Farsi|Persian]] and [[Arabic|Arabi]]c influence to the poetic lexicon. Shah Gharibullah was said to have initiated this
== Ancient and
[[Charyapad]] is the oldest poetry and literary specimen of Bengali language. It is also the oldest work in the neo-Indian Aryan language. The composers of these hymns, composed between the tenth and twelfth centuries AD, were easily Buddhist Siddhacharyas. The 24 major Charyapadas were by Lui Pa, Kukkuripa, Biruapa, Gundaripa, Chatilpa, Bhusuk Pa,
1200-1350 AD of Bengali literature has been marked as the "dark age of Bengali Literature." During this time Srikrishnakirtan was composed by [[Baduchandidas]].The other remarkable poets of Vaishnava literature of this era were [[Vidyapati]], Jnandas, Govindadas, Yashoraj Khan, Chandkaji, Ramchandra Basu, Balram Das, Narhari Das, Vrindavan Das, Basudavas, Bansibad. Syed Sultan, Harhari Sarkar, Fateh Paramananda, Ghanshyam Das, Gayas Khan, Alaol, Deen Chandidas, Chandrashekhar, Haridas, Shivram, Karam Ali, Pir Muhammad, Hiramani, Bhavananda. Famous poets of Mangal Kavya are Kanahari Dutt, Narayan Dev, Vijaygupta, Bipradas Piplai, Madhav Acharya, Mukundaram Chakraborty, Ghanram Chakraborty, Srishyam Pandit, Bharat Chandra Roy Gunakar, Khemananda, Ketka Das Khemananda, Dwij Madhav, Adi Rupram, Manik Ram, Mayur Bhatt, Khelaram, Rupram, Sitaram Das, Shyamj.
The 18th-century two brilliant [[Shakta]] [[bhakti]] court poets were [[Bharatchandra Ray]] and [[Ramprasad Sen]].
==
The
[[Rabindranath Tagore|Kabiguru Rabindranath Tagore]] (1861–1941) was arguably the most revolutionary poets of Bengali Literature. He contributed to every branch of Bengali Literature including poetry. He broke down the old custom of writing in "Sadhu" language in poetry and introduced an aspect of poetry which had more freedom to the poet. He composed over two-thousand songs - which are known as "Rabindra Sangeet" and they are popular in West Bengal and Bangladesh even today. His songs "Jana Gana Mana" and "Amar Sonar Bangla" are the National Anthems of India and Bangladesh respectively. His impact on Bengali Literature is so immense that all Bengali Literature during his lifetime is known as the "Rabindric Era", after his name. The contemporary poets of the Rabindric era were [[Satyendranath Dutta]], [[Kamini Roy|Kamini Ray]], [[Upendrakishore Ray Chowdhury|Updendrakishore Raychowdhury]], [[Sukumar Ray]], [[Jatindramohan Bagchi|Jatindra Mohan Bagchi]] among others. The death of Rabindranath Tagore is often considered to be the end of Classical Poetry and the start of Modern Poetry.
== Poets of Bangladesh ==▼
Following the [[Partition of India]] in 1947, Bengali poets were divided along nationalistic lines of [[India]] and [[Pakistan]]. The poets of [[East Bengal]] celebrated the glory of [[Islam]], many taking inspiration from [[Kazi Nazrul Islam]]. Some of the popular [[Bengali Muslim]] poets of this period included [[Farrukh Ahmad]], [[Talim Hossain]], [[Golam Mostofa (poet)|Golam Mostofa]] and [[Raushan Yazdani]]. The [[Bangladesh Liberation War]] and struggle for freedom became a popular theme in the years that followed. [[Al Mahmud]] is considered one of the greatest [[Bengali people|Bengali]] poets to have emerged in the 20th century.<ref name="thedailystar1">{{Cite news |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-193948|title=Al Mahmud turns 75|date=2011-07-13|work=The Daily Star|language=en|access-date=2019-02-15}}</ref>▼
At the beginning of the twentieth century, there was a new change in Bengali style of poetry, with poets adopting an even liberal style of poetry, bringing an end to Bengali Romanticism. Poets such as [[Mohitlal Majumdar|Mohitlal Majumder]], [[Kazi Nazrul Islam]] and [[Jatindranath Sengupta]] beginning contributed to this period. "Bidrohi Kavi" Kazi Nazrul Islam is considered to be the bridge between the Anti-Romantic Period and the Modern Period of Poetry. He had composed a vast oeuvre of poetry and songs – the latter of which are known as "Nazrul Geeti" which are sung even today. Nazrul is also the National Poet of Bangladesh. His poem "[[Bidrohi (poem)|Bidrohi]]" had a big impact on the [[Indian independence movement|Indian Freedom Movement]].
The death of Tagore led to the beginning of the Golden Age of Modern Poetry, which lasted from the 1940s to the 60s. Numerous poets left their profound impact on poetry in this era, such as:[[Amiya Chakravarty|Amiya Chakraborty]] (1901–1966), [[Jibanananda Das]] (1899–1954), [[Buddhadeb Basu]] (1906–1964), [[Bishnu Dey]] (1909–1962), [[Sudhindranath Dutta]] (1901–1960), [[Sablu Shahabuddin]] (1957–1999).They were followed by the generation of [[Shakti Chattopadhyay]] (1933–1995), [[Sankha Ghosh]] (1932–2021),Tarapada Ray (1936–2007) [[Sunil Gangopadhyay]] (1935–2012) – known as Krittibas group of poets.
[[Jasimuddin]]'s work of Pastoral mood led him to be known as Palli Kabi. He was one of the major poets.
"Hungryalist movement" also emerged in Bengal that was consisted with new bunch of poets in Bengal, inducing [[Malay Roy Choudhury]] and [[Purusottam Kumar Debnath]]
▲== Poets of West Bengal and Bangladesh ==
Following the [[Partition of India]] in 1947, Bengali poets were divided along nationalistic lines of [[India]] and [[Pakistan]]. [[West Bengal]] still had a great literary culture around it. Many Poets like [[Shakti Chattopadhyay]], [[Binoy Majumdar]], [[Samir Roychoudhury]], [[Malay Roy Choudhury]], [[Subimal Basak]], [[Pranabkumar Chattopadhyay]], [[Subodh Sarkar]] emerged.
▲
==See also==
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{{Bengal Renaissance}}
{{Poetry of different cultures and languages}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bengali Poetry}}
[[Category:Bengali poetry| ]]
[[Category:
[[Category:Bengali poetry in English translation]]
[[Category:Bengali poets|+]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi
[[Category:Poetry by
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