Bengali poetry: Difference between revisions

{{shortShort description|Bengali-language poetry}}

'''Bengali poetry''' is a rich tradition of poetry in the [[Bengali language]] and has many different forms. Originating in the [[Bengal]] region of [[South Asia]], the history of Bengali poetry underwent three successive stages of development: poetry of the early age (like ''[[Charyapad]]''), the [[Middle Ages|Medieval period]] and the [[History of poetry|age of modern poetry]]. whichAll wasages introducedhave inseen thedifferent 1930sforms of poetry and poetical tradition. TheIt [[nationalreached poet]]the ofpinnacle during the [[BangladeshBengali Renaissance]], theperiod countryalthough withit thehas a rich tradition and has highestgrown numberindependent of nativethe movement. Major Bengali speakers,Poets isthroughout the ages are [[KaziChandidas]], Nazrul[[Alaol]], Islam[[Ramprasad Sen]], -[[Michael aMadhusudan 20th-centuryDutt]], writer[[Nabinchandra infamousSen]], for[[Rabindranath hisTagore]], activism[[Dwijendralal againstRay]], British[[Satyendranath colonialDutta]], rule[[Kazi throughNazrul revolutionaryIslam]], works[[Jibanananda suchDas]], as[[Jasimuddin]], [[BidrohiSukanta (poem)Bhattacharya|BidrohiSukanta Battacharya]], (Rebel)[[Al Mahmud]].

The medieval period marked the introduction of {{transliteration|sa|[[puthi]]s}}, which played an important role in [[Muslim]] life and brought much [[Farsi|Persian]] and [[Arabic|Arabi]]c influence to the poetic lexicon. Shah Gharibullah was said to have initiated this ''{{transliteration|sa|puthi''}} trend with his epic "Amir Hamza". Many {{transliteration|bn|[[jongonama]]s}}, {{transliteration|sa|puthis}} based on battles, were written during this time. Jongonamas were generally elegiac in tone. Works relating to [[Karbala]] were called {{transliteration|ar|marsiya}} (meaning 'grief' in [[Arabic|Arabi]]c) literature. Both janganama and marsiya literature first developed in [[Arabia]] and later [[Persia]]. Muslim Sufis and soldiers introduced this form of poetry in the [[Bengali language]] to the masses in [[Bengal]] and [[Arakan]]. Well-known poems of include Zainab's Chautisha by Sheikh Faizullah, Maqtul Husayn by Mohammad Khan and Qasim-er Lodai O Fatima-r Surotnama by Sherbaz. The works mixed Bengali folk poetry with Perso-Arabian stories and themes, and are considered an important part of the Muslim culture of Bengal.<ref>{{cite Banglapedia|article=Janganama|author=Khandker Muzammil Haq}}</ref>

== Ancient and Medievalmedieval Eraeras ==

[[Charyapad]] is the oldest poetry and literary specimen of Bengali language. It is also the oldest work in the neo-Indian Aryan language. The composers of these hymns, composed between the tenth and twelfth centuries AD, were easily Buddhist Siddhacharyas. The 24 major Charyapadas were by Lui Pa, Kukkuripa, Biruapa, Gundaripa, Chatilpa, Bhusuk Pa, KahnpadKahnpa, Kambalambarpa, Dombipa, Shantipa, Mahittapa, Veenapa, Sarhapa, Shabar Pa, Azdebpa, Dhenpana, Dankapa, Darikpa Dhampa, TantipaTantripa, Laridombipa.

1200-1350 AD of Bengali literature has been marked as the "dark age of Bengali Literature." During this time Srikrishnakirtan was composed by [[Baduchandidas]].The other remarkable poets of Vaishnava literature of this era were [[Vidyapati]], Jnandas, Govindadas, Yashoraj Khan, Chandkaji, Ramchandra Basu, Balram Das, Narhari Das, Vrindavan Das, Basudavas, Bansibad. Syed Sultan, Harhari Sarkar, Fateh Paramananda, Ghanshyam Das, Gayas Khan, Alaol, Deen Chandidas, Chandrashekhar, Haridas, Shivram, Karam Ali, Pir Muhammad, Hiramani, Bhavananda. Famous poets of Mangal Kavya are Kanahari Dutt, Narayan Dev, Vijaygupta, Bipradas Piplai, Madhav Acharya, Mukundaram Chakraborty, Ghanram Chakraborty, Srishyam Pandit, Bharat Chandra Roy Gunakar, Khemananda, Ketka Das Khemananda, Dwij Madhav, Adi Rupram, Manik Ram, Mayur Bhatt, Khelaram, Rupram, Sitaram Das, Shyamj.

== PoetsModern of West Bengalpoets (1800- present1800–present) ==

The poetpoets who built the bridge between the Middle and Modern Ages is the poet of the Ages:[[Ishwar Chandra Gupta]] (1812-18591812–1859), he is also regarded as the Father of the Modern Bengali Language. [[Michael Madhusudan Dutt]] (1824-1831824–1873) broke the medieval paradigm and theBengali poetpoetry entered free verse. Composes- sonnets.he Gained,is theespecially famepopular offor thehis fatherBengali of modern poetrysonnets. Bird of the Dawn(Bhorer Pakhi): [[Biharilal Chakraborty ]] (1835-18941835–1894), who was a romantic and lyric poet of European style. Poetalso [[Rabindranathcontributed Tagore]](181-1941) entered Bengali literature like a Mahiruh tree. There is no branch of literature other thanto the epic where he has not established the pillar of fame. The contemporary poets of the Rabindric era were [[Satyendranath Dutta]], [[Jatindra Mohan Bagchi]]. At the beginning of the twentieth century, five men opposed Rabindra in poetry, namely: Mohitlal Majumder, [[Kazi Nazrul Islam]] and [[Jatindranath Sengupta]] beginning with their anti - Romantic poetic style. Golden Age of Modern Poetry: Thirty-Five Panchpandava Poets:[[Amiya Chakraborty]] (1901-6), [[Jibanananda Das]] (1899-1954), [[Buddhadeb Basu]] (1906–64), [[Bishnu Dey]] (1909–62), [[Sudhindranath Dutta]] (1901–60)shift.

[[Category:BengaliCulture cultureof Bengal]]

[[Category:Bangladeshi literaturepoetry]]

[[Category:Poetry by nation or language]]