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In 2016, Google stated that Content ID had paid out around $2 billion to copyright holders (compared to around $1 billion by 2014), and had cost $60 million to develop.<ref name="Popper 2018" />
 
In 2018, YouTube released a feature known as "Copyright Match", which was initially available to channels with more than 100,000 cumulative views. Unlike Content ID, Copyright Match is used to detect and list verbatim copies of a channel's videos that are uploaded by other YouTube users, and no action is taken until the creator chooses to do so. YouTube product manager Fabio Magagna stated that Copyright Match was derived from the Content ID system.<ref>{{cite web |date=2018-07-11 |title=YouTube to Launch Tool to Detect Re-Uploaded Videos Automatically |url=https://variety.com/2018/digital/news/youtube-copyright-match-tool-re-uploaded-videos-1202870576/ |access-date=2018-09-09 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |publisher=}}</ref>
Since mid-2018, Google has been beta-testing a new tool called '''Copyright Match''', a simplified version of Content ID with limited options, which would be available to uploaders with more than 100,000 views.<ref name="plagiarismtoday"/><ref>{{cite web
| url=https://variety.com/2018/digital/news/youtube-copyright-match-tool-re-uploaded-videos-1202870576/
| title=YouTube to Launch Tool to Detect Re-Uploaded Videos Automatically
| date=2018-07-11
| publisher=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]
| access-date=2018-09-09}}</ref> However, contrary to Content ID, which sends copyright notices automatically, with Copyright Match no action is taken until the creator chooses to do so.
 
In 2021, YouTube recorded nearly 1.5 billion Content ID claims, including 759.5 million by the second half of the year among which 4.840 were copyright owners'. <ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=YouTube Processed Nearly 1.5 Billion Content-ID Claims in 2021 |url=https://torrentfreak.com/youtube-processed-nearly-1-5-billion-content-id-claims-in-2021-220721/ |access-date=30 June 2023 |website=TorrentFreak}}</ref>
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== Criticism ==
{{see also|Criticism of Google#YouTube|Censorship by copyright}}
An independent test in 2009 uploaded multiple versions of the same song to YouTube, and concluded that while the system was "surprisingly resilient" in finding copyright violations in the audio tracks of videos, it was not infallible.<ref>{{cite web |title=Testing YouTube's Audio Content ID System |url=https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2009/04/testing-youtubes-aud |date=April 23, 2009 |author=Von Lohmann, Fred |access-date=December 4, 2011}}</ref> The use of Content ID to remove material automatically has led to [[YouTube copyright issues|controversy]] in some cases, as the videos have not been checked by a human for fair use.<ref>{{cite web |title=YouTube's January Fair Use Massacre |url=https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2009/01/youtubes-january-fair-use-massacre |date=February 3, 2009 |author=Von Lohmann, Fred |access-date=December 4, 2011}}</ref>
 
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Since April 2016, videos continue to be monetized while the dispute is in progress, and the money goes to whoever won the dispute.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hernandez |first1=Patricia |title=YouTube's Content ID System Gets One Much-Needed Fix |url=https://kotaku.com/youtubes-content-id-system-gets-one-much-needed-fix-1773643254 |website=Kotaku |date=28 April 2016 |access-date=September 16, 2017}}</ref> Should the uploader want to monetize the video again, they may remove the disputed audio in the "Video Manager".<ref>{{cite web |title=Remove Content ID claimed songs from my videos – YouTube Help |url=https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/2902117?hl=en |website=support.google.com |access-date=September 17, 2017 |language=en}}</ref> YouTube has cited the effectiveness of Content ID as one of the reasons why the site's rules were modified in December 2010 to allow some users to upload videos of unlimited length.<ref>{{cite web |first1=Joshua |last1=Siegel |first2=Doug |last2=Mayle |title=Up, Up and Away – Long videos for more users |url=https://youtube.googleblog.com/2010/12/up-up-and-away-long-videos-for-more.html |website=Official YouTube Blog |date=December 9, 2010 |access-date=March 25, 2017}}</ref>
 
The music industry has criticized Content ID as inefficient, with [[Universal Music Publishing Group]] (UMPG) estimating in a 2015 filing to the US Copyright Office "that Content ID fails to identify upwards of 40 percent of the use of UMPG’sUMPG's compositions on YouTube".<ref name="Popper 2018" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.scribd.com/document/308605292/DMCA-Universal-Music-Group-First-Round-Comments-pdf|title=Comments of Universal Music Group|date=2015|website=Scribd|language=en|access-date=2018-09-20}}</ref> Google has countered these assertions by stating that (as of 2016) Content ID detected over 98% of known copyright infringement on YouTube and humans filing removal notices only 2%.<ref name="Popper 2018" />
 
In January 2018, a YouTube uploader who created a [[white noise]] generator received copyright notices about a video he uploaded which contained only white noise.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Baraniuk |first=Chris |date=2018-01-05 |title=White noise video on YouTube hit by five copyright claims |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-42580523 |access-date=2023-09-08}}</ref>
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| date=2018-08-28
| publisher=[[Techdirt]]
| access-date=2018-09-09}}</ref> In other cases, copyright violations notices were even sent to uploaders who recorded themselves playing public domain classical music, with [[Sony Music]] asserting copyright over more than 1,100 compositions by [[Johann Sebastian Bach]] via Content ID.<ref>{{cite web
| url=https://freebeacon.com/culture/google-youtube-algorithm-copyright/
| title=The Empire Strikes Bach
| date=2018-09-08
| publisher=freebeacon.com
| access-date=2018-09-09}}</ref> Commentators noted that this was also the case on other platforms such as [[Facebook]].<ref>{{cite web
| url=https://boingboing.net/2018/09/05/mozart-bach-sorta-mach.html
| title=The future is here today: you can't play Bach on Facebook because Sony says they own his compositions
| date=2018-09-05
| publisher=[[Boing Boing]]
| access-date=2018-09-09}}</ref>
 
In December 2018 [[TheFatRat]] complained that Content ID gave preference to an obvious scammer who used the automated system to claim ownership of his content and thereby steal his revenue.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Beschizza |first1=Rob |title=YouTube let a contentID scammer steal a popular video |url=https://boingboing.net/2018/12/26/youtube-let-a-contentid-scamme.html |website=Boing Boing |date=26 December 2018}}</ref>
 
In April 2019, [[WatchMojo]] - one of the largest YouTube channels with over 20 million subscribers and 15 billion views with an extensive library of videos that rely on fair use - released a video that relied on its 10-year experiences managing claims and strikes via Content ID to highlight instances of alleged abuse.<ref>{{Citation|last=WatchMojo.com|title=Exposing Worst ContentID Abusers! #WTFU|date=2019-05-02|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gbs9UVelEfg|access-date=2019-07-02}}</ref> In a follow-up video, the channel estimated that rights holders had unlawfully claimed over $2 billion from 2014–192014 to 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://torrentfreak.com/youtube-content-id-abusers-could-face-millions-of-dollars-in-damages-190509/|title=YouTube Content-ID Abusers Could Face Millions of Dollars in Damages|date=2019-05-10|website=TorrentFreak|language=en|access-date=2019-07-02}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=WatchMojo.com|title=Are Rights Holders Unlawfully Claiming Billions in AdSense Revenue?|date=2019-05-09|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-w1f3olwqcg|access-date=2019-07-02}}</ref>
 
On November 6, 2021, Jose Teran of [[Scottsdale, Arizona]] and his co-conspirator, Webster Batista, was charged by a federal grand jury of 30 felony counts which include Conspiracy, Wire Fraud, and Transactional Money Laundering. Teran, in pleading guilty, admitted that they created the fake music publishing company MediaMuv L.L.C. from which they claimed 50,000 songs and recievedreceived royalty payments amounting to $20,776,517.31 using YouTube's Content ID System.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2023-06-28 |title=District of Arizona {{!}} MediaMuv L.L.C. Principal Guilty of Stealing Millions in Music Royalties Sentenced to 70 Months {{!}} United States Department of Justice |url=https://www.justice.gov/usao-az/pr/mediamuv-llc-principal-guilty-stealing-millions-music-royalties-sentenced-70-months |access-date=2024-01-06 |website=www.justice.gov |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=U.S. Indicts Two Men for Running a $20 Million YouTube Content ID Scam * TorrentFreak |url=https://torrentfreak.com/u-s-indicts-two-men-for-running-a-20-million-youtube-content-id-scam-211203/ |access-date=2024-01-06 |language=en}}</ref> On June 26, 2023, Teran was sentenced to 70 months in prison by Judge [[Douglas L. ReyesRayes]]. According to the U. S. Attorney's Office, District of Arizona, the case has been dubbed as "one of the largest music-royalty frauds ever perpetrated."<ref name=":3" />
 
== See also ==