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{{short description|County in Ohio, United States}}
{{
{{Infobox U.S. county
| county = Geauga County
| state = Ohio
|
| seal = Seal of Geauga County Ohio.svg
| founded = March 1, 1806<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ohio County Profiles: Geauga County |url=http://development.ohio.gov/research/files/s0/Geauga.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811070108/http://development.ohio.gov/research/files/s0/Geauga.pdf |archive-date=August 11, 2011 |access-date=August 20, 2011 |publisher=Ohio Department of Development}}</ref>
|
| largest city wl = Chardon
| area_total_sq_mi = 408
| area_land_sq_mi = 400
| area_water_sq_mi = 8.1
| area percentage = 2.0%
| census yr = 2020
| pop = 95397
| pop_est_as_of = 2021
| population_est = 95565 {{increase}}
| density_sq_mi = auto
| pop_est_footnotes = <ref>{{
| time zone = Eastern
| web = www.co.geauga.oh.us
| named for = an [[Iroquoian]] word for "[[raccoon]]"
| ex image = Geauga County Courthouse P7010530.jpg
| ex image cap = Geauga County Courthouse
| district = 14th
}}
'''Geauga County''' ({{IPAc-en|dʒ|i|ˈ|ɔː|ɡ|ə}} {{Respell|jee|AW|gə}}) is a [[County (United States)|county]] in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Ohio]]. As of the [[2020 United States Census|2020 census]], the population was 95,397.<ref name="2020 census">[https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/2020-population-and-housing-state-data.html 2020 census]</ref> The [[county seat]] and largest city is [[Chardon, Ohio|Chardon]].<ref name="GR6">{{
The county is [[List of Ohio county name etymologies|named]] for an [[Onondaga language|Onondaga]] or [[Seneca language]] word meaning '[[raccoon]]',<ref>{{ ==History==
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Geauga County was founded on March 1, 1806, as the second county in the Connecticut Western Reserve, originating from [[Trumbull County, Ohio]]. In 1808, the size of Geauga County was reduced by the creation of [[Ashtabula County, Ohio|Ashtabula County]], [[Cuyahoga County, Ohio|Cuyahoga County]], and [[Lake County, Ohio|Lake County]].
The present-day boundaries were established in 1840 following the creation of [[Lake County, Ohio|Lake County]]. A disagreement about the location of the county seat began in 1808 when commissioners from [[Trumbull County, Ohio|Trumbull County]] began the process of identifying the seat of justice.<ref>{{
The first settlement in Geauga was at [[Burton, Ohio]] in the year 1798, when three families settled there from [[Connecticut]].<ref>{{
==Geography==
According to the [[U.S. Census Bureau]], the county has an area of {{convert|408|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|400|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|8.1|sqmi}} (2.0%) is water.<ref name="GR1">{{
Geauga County receives the most precipitation of any county in northern Ohio, with most of the county receiving over 42 inches annually in an average year, and some parts exceeding 44 inches.<ref>{{Cite web
===Drainage system===
The [[geography]] of Geauga County was radically changed by [[Illinoian glaciation|Illinoian]] and [[Wisconsinan glaciation]], which is evident in the deranged [[Drainage system (geomorphology)|drainage system]], landscape change, and [[Till|glacial till]]. The [[headwater]]s of three [[river|watercourses]] in the [[Lake Erie]] [[drainage basin|basin]] are in Geauga County. These include the [[Cuyahoga River]], [[Chagrin River]], and [[Grand River (Ohio)|Grand River]]. Portions of all three are designated Ohio Scenic Rivers.<ref>{{
Point sources of the east branch of the [[Cuyahoga River]] are in [[Hambden Township, Geauga County, Ohio|Hambden Township]], [[Claridon Township, Geauga County, Ohio|Claridon Township]], and [[Burton Township
The point sources of the east branch of the [[Chagrin River]] are at [[Bass Lake, Ohio|Bass Lake]] in [[Munson Township, Geauga County, Ohio|Munson Township]] and the southwest corner of the city of [[Chardon, Ohio|Chardon]].<ref>{{
Point sources of the [[Grand River (Ohio)|Grand River]] are in [[Parkman Township, Geauga County, Ohio|Parkman Township]], [[Troy Township, Geauga County, Ohio|Troy Township]], and Swine Creek in [[Middlefield Township, Geauga County, Ohio|Middlefield Township]].<ref>{{
While the majority of waterways in Geauga County are part of the [[Lake Erie]] [[drainage basin|watershed]], the Silver Creek in [[Troy Township, Geauga County, Ohio|Troy Township]] is a tributary to the west branch of the [[Mahoning River]], part of the [[Ohio River|Ohio River watershed]], the largest tributary to the [[Mississippi River]].<ref>{{
===Adjacent counties===
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|estref=
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{
}}
===2000 census===
As of the [[census]] of 2010,<ref>{{
There were 34,264 households, out of which 31.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.8% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 7.70% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.50% had a male householder with no wife present, and 25.10% were non-families. 25.10% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.16.
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In the county, the population was spread out, with 26.0% under the age of 18, 6.60% from 18 to 24, 20.1% from 25 to 44, 31.8% from 45 to 64, and 15.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43.3 years. For every 100 females there were 96.85 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.72 males.
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, the median income for a household in the county was $60,200, and the median income for a family was $67,427. Males had a median income of $48,443 versus $30,567 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the county was $27,944. About 2.80% of families and 4.60% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 6.10% of those under age 18 and 5.10% of those age 65 or over.
===2010 census===
As of the [[2010 United States Census]], there were 93,389 people, 34,264 households, and 25,654 families residing in the county.<ref name="census-dp1">{{Cite web |title=DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US39055 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213034316/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US39055 |archive-date=February 13, 2020 |access-date=December 27, 2015 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> The population density was {{convert|233.4|PD/sqmi}}. There were 36,574 housing units at an average density of {{convert|91.4|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units |units|}}.<ref name="census-density">{{Cite web |title=Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY07/0500000US39055 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213190009/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY07/0500000US39055 |archive-date=February 13, 2020 |access-date=December 27, 2015 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> The racial makeup of the county was 96.9% white, 1.3% black or African American, 0.6% Asian, 0.1% American Indian, 0.3% from other races, and 0.8% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.1% of the population.<ref name="census-dp1" /> In terms of ancestry, 27.4% were [[Germans|German]], 17.1% were [[Irish people|Irish]], 13.8% were [[Italians|Italian]], 13.8% were [[English people|English]], 8.3% were [[Polish people|Polish]], 5.5% were [[Hungarians|Hungarian]], and 3.6% were [[Americans|American]].<ref name="census-dp2">{{Cite web |title=DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP02/0500000US39055 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213031742/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP02/0500000US39055 |archive-date=February 13, 2020 |access-date=December 27, 2015 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
Of the 34,264 households, 33.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.8% were married couples living together, 7.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 25.1% were non-families, and 21.2% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.16. The median age was 43.3 years.<ref name="census-dp1" />
The median income for a household in the county was $89,663 and the median income for a family was $101,780. Males had a median income of $94,863 versus $40,565 for females. The per capita income for the county was $32,735. About 5.0% of families and 7.6% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 10.8% of those under age 18 and 6.4% of those age 65 or over.<ref name="census-dp3">{{
=== Amish settlement ===
{{Main|Amish in Ohio}}
There is a large [[Amish]] community founded in 1886 in Geauga County. It is the fourth largest of all Amish settlements with 18,650 people in 132 congregations in 2017.<ref name="update">[http://amishamerica.com/12-largest-amish-communities-2017/ The 12 Largest Amish Communities (2017).] at Amish America</ref> In 2017 the Amish accounted for 19.8% of Geauga,
==Religion==
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Religion in Geauga County, according to ARDA (2020) <ref name="arda2020">{{Cite web |title=Geauga County, Ohio - County Membership Report (2020) |url=https://www.thearda.com/us-religion/census/congregational-membership?y=2020&t=0&c=39055 |publisher=The Association of Religion Data Archives}}</ref>{{failed verification|date=August 2023|reason=These numbers don't appear in the given reference}}
|label1 = Catholic Church
|value1 = 34
|color1 = Purple
|label2 = Others Evangelical Churches
|value2 = 19.9
|color2 = Blue
|label3 = Anabaptist Churches (Amish and Mennonite)
|value3 = 10.3
|color3 = DodgerBlue
|label4 = Mainline Protestant Churches
|value4 = 6.9
|color4 = Red
|label5 = Black Protestant Churches
|value5 = 0.5
|color5 = LightBlue
|label6 = Others
|value6 = 1.5
|color6 = Orange
|label7 = None
|value7 = 26.8
|color7 = White
}}
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Religious affiliations in Geauga County, according to ARDA 2010-2020<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geauga County, Ohio - County Membership Report (2010) |url=https://www.thearda.com/us-religion/census/congregational-membership?y=2010&t=0&c=39055 |publisher=The Association of Religion Data Archives}}</ref><ref name="arda2020" />
|-
! rowspan="2"|Religion
! colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |2010
! colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |2020
|-
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
|-
|style="background:#E0F0FF;" | [[Christianity]] || 52,788|| 56.5|| 67,801||71.6
|-
|style="background:#E0F0FF;"| <small>— Anabaptist Churches</small> || 8,870|| 9.5|| 9,803||10.3
|-
|style="background:#E0F0FF;"| <small>— Others Evangelical Churches</small> || 4,865|| 5.2|| 18,533||19.9
|-
|style="background:#E0F0FF;"| <small>— Catholic Church</small> || 30,880|| 33,1|| 32,469||34.0
|-
|style="background:#E0F0FF;"| <small>— Mainline Protestant Churches</small> || 7,738|| 8.3|| 6,564||6.9
|-
|style="background:#E0F0FF;"|
<small>-Black Protestant Churches</small>
|185
|0.2
|432
|0.5
|-
|style="background:#F0E0FF;"| Other religions|| 250|| 0.3|| 1,417||1.5
|-
| style="background:#F5F5F5;" | None*|| 40,601|| 43,5|| 27,596||28.9
|-
! Total population || colspan="2" | 93,389|| colspan="2" |95,397
|-
| colspan="5" |*"Nones" is an unclear category.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Wuthnow |first=Robert |title=Inventing American Religion : Polls, Surveys, and the Tenuous Quest for a Nation's Faith |date=2015 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780190258900 |pages=151–155}}</ref><ref name="Johnson 2022" /> It is a heterogenous group of the not religious and intermittently religious.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Blankholm |first=Joseph |title=The Secular Paradox : On the Religiosity of the Not Religious |date=2022 |publisher=New York University Press |isbn=9781479809509 |location=New York |page=7}}</ref> Researchers argue that most of the "Nones" should be considered "unchurched", rather than objectively nonreligious;<ref name="Johnson 2022">{{Cite journal |last=Johnson |first=Byron |last2=Stark |first2=Rodney |last3=Bradshaw |first3=Matt |last4=Levin |first4=Jeff |date=2022 |title=Are Religious "Nones" Really Not Religious?: Revisiting Glenn, Three Decades Later |journal=Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Religion |volume=18 |issue=7}}</ref><ref name="Unaff Yet Rel" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hout |first=Michael |last2=Fischer |first2=Claude S. |date=October 13, 2014 |title=Explaining Why More Americans Have No Religious Preference: Political Backlash and Generational Succession, 1987-2012 |journal=Sociological Science |volume=1 |pages=423–447 |doi=10.15195/v1.a24 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Hout 2017">{{Cite journal |last=Hout |first=Michael |date=November 2017 |title=American Religion, All or Nothing at All |journal=Contexts |volume=16 |issue=4 |pages=78–80 |doi=10.1177/1536504217742401 |s2cid=67327797 |doi-access=free}}</ref> especially since most "Nones" do hold some religious-spiritual beliefs and a notable amount participate in behaviors.<ref name="Johnson 2022" /><ref name="Unaff Yet Rel">{{Cite book |last=Johnson |first=Todd |title=Annual Review of the Sociology of Religion: Volume 7: Sociology of Atheism |last2=Zurlo |first2=Gina |date=2016 |publisher=Brill |isbn=9789004317536 |editor-last=Cipriani |editor-first=Roberto |location=Leiden |pages=58–60 |chapter=Unaffiliated, Yet Religious: A Methodological and Demographic Analysis |editor-last2=Garelli |editor-first2=Franco}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Drescher |first=Elizabeth |title=Choosing our Religion: The Spiritual Lives of America's Nones |date=2016 |isbn=9780199341221 |location=New York |pages=21–26}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Cox |first=Kiana |date=March 17, 2021 |title=Nine-in-ten Black 'nones' believe in God, but fewer pray or attend services |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2021/03/17/nine-in-ten-black-nones-believe-in-god-but-fewer-pray-or-attend-services/ |website=Pew Research Center}}</ref> For example, 72% of American "Nones" believe in God or a Higher Power.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fahmy |first=Dalia |date=April 25, 2018 |title=Key findings about Americans' belief in God |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/04/25/key-findings-about-americans-belief-in-god/ |access-date=2024-04-27 |website=Pew Research Center}}</ref>
|}
==Politics==
Geauga County is a Republican stronghold, having voted Democratic for president only once since 1856, in [[Lyndon B. Johnson]]'s 1964 landslide, but [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] came within just 220 votes in 1936.
{{PresHead|place=Geauga County, Ohio|source=<ref>{{Cite web |
<!-- PresRow should be {{PresRow|Year|Winning party|GOP vote #|Dem vote #|3rd party vote #|State}} -->
{{PresRow|2020|Republican|34,143|21,201|677|Ohio}}
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===Public transportation===
The mostly rural nature of Geauga County limits the feasibility of a fixed-route transit system. Instead, [[Geauga County Transit]] offers a demand-responsive door-to-door transit system within the county with some out-of-county service. {{as of|2015}}, one-way fares for door-to-door service were $6.00, with 50% discounts for the elderly, disabled, or children 6 years to 17 years old. Children 5-years and younger are free. Out-of-county fares are two times the posted in-county fares. Service is provided 6:00 AM to 9:00 PM Monday through Friday. Reservations are suggested with at least three days notice, but can be made up to one week in advance.<ref>{{
===Airports===
{{main|Geauga County Airport}}
Geauga County is home to one [[List of airports in Ohio|public airport]] in [[Middlefield, Ohio]].<ref>[http://co.geauga.oh.us/Departments/Airport Geauga Airport Authority]</ref> The Geauga County Airport call sign is 7G8. It is home to Experimental Aircraft Association Chapter 5.<ref>{{
The Geauga County Airport sits on 41 acres purchased by the Middlefield Chamber of Commerce and donated to Geauga County. Ground was broken August 31, 1967, and it was officially opened September 29, 1968. The airport has one 3500' long by 65' wide runway. Runway numbers are 11 on the west end and 29 on the east end. There are two T-hangars, one private hangar, two community hangars, a pilot lounge and restroom facility.<ref>{{
== Education ==
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Geauga County is home to six public school districts as illustrated in [[List of school districts in Ohio#G|this list of school districts in Ohio]].
The Geauga County Educational Service Center provides collaborative programs and services for the seven local school districts in Geauga County, leveraging resources to reduce overall costs to each district. The ESC has formed a P-16 bridge initiative whose ''mission is to create workforce readiness in our youth and adults through substantive partnerships between educators, businesses, community organizations, parents focusing on important transitions experienced at each level. Geauga County P-16 will develop a sustainable process and program to insure its continued success''.<ref>{{
{| class="wikitable"
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| Accepts applications prior to the start of each school year
|-
| [[Hawken School]]
| [[Gates Mills, Ohio]]
| College preparatory day school: online application, site visit and testing
|-
| [https://hershey-montessori.org/ Hershey Montessori School]
| [[Huntsburg Township, Geauga County, Ohio|Huntsburg Township, Ohio]]
| Co-ed school and boarding community serving students in 7th-12th grade. Chartered by [[Ohio Department of Education]]. New applications accepted year round.
|-
| [[Notre Dame-Cathedral Latin]]
| [[Munson Township, Geauga County, Ohio|Munson Township, Ohio]]
| Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland: open to 8th grade students who have attended a Catholic elementary school and others who have not
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===Higher education===
Geauga County has one institution of higher learning:
* [[Kent State University#Geauga|Kent State University - Geauga]] is in [[Burton, Ohio]]. KSU - Geauga is one of [[Kent State University#Regional campuses|seven regional campuses]] of [[Kent State University]]. The {{convert|87|acre|adj=on}} Burton Township campus was established as an academic center in 1964 and became a regional campus in 1976. {{as of|2011}}, more than 2,000 full and part-time students were enrolled.
==Government==
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* [[Auburn Township, Geauga County, Ohio|Auburn]]
* [[Bainbridge Township, Geauga County, Ohio|Bainbridge]]
* [[Burton Township
* [[Chardon Township, Geauga County, Ohio|Chardon]]
* [[Chester Township, Geauga County, Ohio|Chester]]
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* [[Charles C. Paine]], politician
* [[Halbert Eleazer Paine]], lawyer, Civil War Union general, congressman from [[Wisconsin]], Commissioner of Patents (1879-1881)
* [[Seth Ledyard Phelps]], Civil War officer, [[List of mayors of Washington, D.C.#Presidents of the Board of Commissioners (
* [[Albert G. Riddle|Albert Gallatin Riddle]], lawyer, educator, [[Ohio House of Representatives]] (1848-1850)
* [[Nick Schuyler]], author (''[[Not Without Hope]]'')
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20111030230442/http://www.puc.state.oh.us/pucogis/STATEMAP/sdists07_b.pdf Public Utilities Commission of Ohio: Statewide School District Map]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120402094059/http://www.puc.state.oh.us/pucogis/STATEMAP/zip2008.pdf Public Utilities Commission of Ohio: Statewide Zip Code Areas]
* {{Cite web |title=Geauga County Tourism |url=http://www.tourgeauga.com/ |access-date=January 14, 2012 |website=Amish Country Ohio}}
{{Geographic Location
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