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| name = George Stout
| honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|FBA|size=100%}}
| image =GEORGE_FREDERICK_STOUT,_1860–1944.jpg
| caption =
| birth_name = George Frederick Stout
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| notable_ideas = {{hlist | [[Analytic psychology (Stout)|Analytic psychology]]<ref name=MvdS/> | [[trope theory]]}}
}}
'''George Frederick Stout''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|FBA}} ({{IPAc-en|s|t|aʊ|t}};
==Biography<!--'Analytic psychology (Stout)' redirects here-->==
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It was as a fellow of [[St John's College, Cambridge|St. John's College]], Cambridge (1884–1896), that Stout published his first work in 1896: the two-volume ''Analytic Psychology'', whose view of the role of activity in intellectual processes was later verified experimentally by the Swiss psychologist [[Jean Piaget]].<ref name="Britannica" /> The work contains numerous references to [[Franz Brentano]], [[Kazimierz Twardowski]], [[Carl Stumpf]], [[Christian von Ehrenfels]], and [[Alexius Meinong]].<ref>Liliana Albertazzi, ''Immanent Realism: An Introduction to Brentano'', Springer, 2006, p. 321.</ref> The term '''analytic psychology'''<!--boldface per WP:R#PLA--> is a translation of Brentano's term ''[[Descriptive psychology (Brentano)|descriptive psychology]]''<ref name=MvdS>Maria van der Schaar, ''G. F. Stout and the Psychological Origins of Analytic Philosophy'', Springer, 2013, p. 2.</ref> (cf. also ''[[Analytic psychology (Dilthey)]]'').
Stout was appointed to a new lectureship in comparative psychology at the [[University of Aberdeen]] in 1896, before becoming reader in mental philosophy at the [[University of Oxford]] (1898–1902), where he published his ''Manual of Psychology'' in 1899. This work formulated many principles later developed experimentally by the [[Gestalt psychology|Gestalt]] school of psychology.<ref name="Britannica" /> Leaving Oxford, from 1903 to 1936, Stout served as professor of logic and metaphysics at [[University of St Andrews|St. Andrews]], [[Fife]], where he published another major work, ''Mind and Matter'' in 1931. He remained at St. Andrews until his retirement
Upon his retirement, Stout left for [[Australia]] to be with his son. He died in [[Sydney]] on 18 August 1944.
Over the course of his career, Stout taught a number of notable students, including [[G. E. Moore]] and [[Bertrand Russell]] at Cambridge University.<ref>Maria van der Schaar, ''G. F. Stout and the Psychological Origins of Analytic Philosophy'', Springer, 2013, p. viii.</ref> In addition, from 1891 to 1920, he served as editor of ''[[Mind (journal)|Mind]]'', a leading philosophical journal, and was president of [[Aristotelian Society]] from 1899 to 1904. In metaphysics, Stout is well known for his contribution to [[trope theory]], specifically in the form of a 1923 paper for the [[Aristotelian Society]].<ref>{{Cite journal |author=G. F. Stout |title=Are The Characteristics of Particular Things Universal or Particular? |journal=Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society (Supplementary) |volume=3 |pages=114–122 |doi=10.1093/aristoteliansupp/3.1.95 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
== Significant publications ==
* ''[[iarchive:analyticpsycholo01stouuoft|Analytic Psychology]]'' (1896)
* ''Manual of Psychology'' (2 volumes, 1898–1899)
* ''Studies in Philosophy and Psychology'' (1930)<ref>C.D. Broad [https://www.stafforini.com/broad/Broad%20-%20Critical%20notice%20of%20Stout's%20Studies%20in%20philosophy%20and%20psychology.pdf "Critical Notice of G. F. Stout, ''Studies in Philosophy and Psychology''"] [[Mind (journal)|''Mind'']], vol. 40, no. 158 (April, 1931), pp. 230–234.</ref>
== See also ==
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== Further reading ==
* Maria van der Schaar, (1996) [https://web.archive.org/web/20161220095846/https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/bitstream/handle/1887/8113/9_052_017.pdf "From Analytic Psychology to Analytic Philosophy: The Reception of Twardowski's Ideas in Cambridge"], ''Axiomathes'' 7: 295–324. (Archived)
* [[C. D. Broad|Broad, C. D]].; (1945). [https://www.stafforini.com/broad/Broad%20-%20Professor%20G.%20F.%20Stout.pdf "Professor G. F. Stout (1860-1944"]. ''Mind''. '''54''' (215): 285–288.
* [[Cecil Alec Mace|Mace, C. A.]] (1945) [[iarchive:dli.ernet.16178/page/n345/mode/1up|"George Frederick Stout, 1860-1944"]] ''Proceedings Of The British Academy'' 31, 306–16 (via Internet Archive)
== External links ==
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* {{Internet Archive author |sname=George Frederick Stout}}
* [http://www.informationphilosopher.com/solutions/philosophers/stout/ George F. Stout] at The Information Philosopher
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20230715114334/https://www.giffordlectures.org/lecturers/george-frederick-stout George Frederick Stout - The Gifford Lectures] (Archived)
{{Authority control}}
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[[Category:Presidents of the Aristotelian Society]]
[[Category:Fellows of the British Academy]]
[[Category:Fellows of St John's College, Cambridge]]
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